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Res. 707 and S. Res. 708] )Tj 10 0 0 10 157 309.6 Tm 0.264 Tw (The Committee on the Judiciary, reports favorably on original )Tj -1 -1.04 TD 0.096 Tw (resolutions \(S. Res. 707\) authorizing the President of the Senate to )Tj T* 0.18 Tw (certify the facts of the failure of Joshua Bolten, as the Custodian )Tj T* 0.11 Tw (of Records at the White House, to appear before the Committee on )Tj T* 0.276 Tw (the Judiciary and produce documents as required by Committee )Tj T* 0.058 Tw (subpoena, and \(S. Res. 708\) authorizing the President of the Senate )Tj T* 0.1 Tw (to certify the facts of the failure of Karl Rove to appear and testify )Tj T* 0.184 Tw (before the Committee on the Judiciary and to produce documents )Tj T* 0.084 Tw (as required by Committee subpoena, and recommends that the res-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (olutions do pass. )Tj 8 0 0 8 282.74 200 Tm 0 Tw (CONTENTS )Tj 6 0 0 6 451.4399 186 Tm (Page )Tj 8 0 0 8 159.52 178 Tm 0.0525 Tw [(I. )-169.5(Purpose and Background of Resolutions)-350(......................................................)-2447.5(2 )]TJ -0.405 -1 TD [(II. )-167.5(Hearings and Interviews)-430(...............................................................................)-2446(4 )]TJ -0.4075 -1 TD [(III. )-168(Committees Efforts To Reach Accommodation Were Futile)-400(......................)-2447.5(9 )]TJ 0.0925 -1 TD [(IV. )-167.5(Non-compliance with Committees Subpoenas)-515(............................................)-1888.5(12 )]TJ 0.405 -1 TD [(V. )-169.5(Ruling on Executive Privilege and Immunity Claims)-565(................................)-1888(13 )]TJ -0.405 -1 TD [(VI. )-167.5(Resolutions of Contempt)-580(...............................................................................)-1889(20 )]TJ -0.4075 -1 TD 0.22 Tw (VII. The Privilege and Immunity Claims Are Not Legally Valid to Excuse )Tj 3.3125 -1 TD 0 Tw [(Compliance)-607.5(.................................................................................................)-1888.5(24 )]TJ /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00001)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6646)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 3 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F2 5 0 R /F3 6 0 R /F4 7 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 12 0 obj << /Length 5707 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 303.22 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (2 )Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 147 123.8 m 197 123.8 l S BT 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 116.9972 Tm (1)Tj 7 0 0 7 158.168 115.1 Tm 0.1771 Tw (See An Investigation into the Removal of Nine U.S. Attorneys in 2006, U.S. Department )Tj -1.5954 -1 TD 0.12 Tw (of Justice Office of the Inspector General and U.S. Department of Justice Office of Professional )Tj T* 0.0514 Tw (Responsibility, September 29, 2008, chart at 1819. )Tj 8 0 0 8 147.24 643 Tm 0.1975 Tw [(VIII. )-23.5(Continued Non-Compliance Despite District Courts Decision in House )]TJ 3.72 -1 TD 0.0925 Tw (Judiciary Committee Lawsuit Dismissing the Administrations Immu-)Tj T* 0.0525 Tw [(nity and Blanket Privilege Claims)-607.5(...........................................................)-1887.5(39 )]TJ -2.8875 -1 TD 0.4525 Tw [(IX. )232(Department of Justices Internal Investigation Confirmed Judiciary )]TJ 2.8875 -1 TD 0.2725 Tw (Committees Findings Though Impeded by White House Refusal to )Tj T* 0 Tw [(Cooperate)-512.5(....................................................................................................)-1890.5(42 )]TJ -2.48 -1 TD 0.22 Tw [(X. Conclusion)-550(......................................................................................................)-1890(48 )]TJ -0.4075 -1 TD 0.0525 Tw [(XI. )-168(Minority Views of Senators Specter and Grassley)-415(......................................)-1889(49 )]TJ -0.4075 -1 TD [(XII. )-168.5(Minority Views of Senators Kyl, Sessions, Brownback and Coburn)-575(.........)-1888(54 )]TJ 10 0 0 10 185.58 561.0001 Tm 0.052 Tw (I. P)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 202.3997 561.0001 Tm 0 Tw [(URPOSE)-412.5(AND)]TJ 10 0 0 10 262.1909 561.0001 Tm (B)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 269.4108 561.0001 Tm [(ACKGROUND)-412.5(OF)-412.5(THE)]TJ 10 0 0 10 363.9095 561.0001 Tm (R)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 371.1294 561.0001 Tm (ESOLUTIONS)Tj 10 0 0 10 426.4006 561.0001 Tm ( )Tj -26.9401 -1.6 TD 0.21 Tw (Since the beginning of the 110th Congress, the Judiciary Com-)Tj -1 -1 TD 0.074 Tw (mittee has conducted an investigation into the unprecedented mass )Tj T* 0.104 Tw (firings of Federal prosecutors by those in the administration of the )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (President who appointed them. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.054 Tw (The investigation began after news reports in late 2006 and early )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.112 Tw (2007 revealed that seven U.S. Attorneys had been fired on Decem-)Tj T* 0.128 Tw (ber 7, 2006: David C. Iglesias, District of New Mexico; Carol Lam, )Tj T* 0.236 Tw (Southern District of California; John McKay, Western District of )Tj T* 0.138 Tw (Washington; Daniel Bogden, District of Nevada; Paul K. Charlton, )Tj T* 0.072 Tw (District of Arizona; Margaret Chiara, Western District of Michigan; )Tj T* 0.236 Tw (and Kevin Ryan, Northern District of California. The Committee )Tj T* 0.166 Tw (subsequently learned that H.E. Bud Cummins, III, Eastern Dis-)Tj T* 0.16 Tw (trict of Arkansas, was told to resign in June 2006, and that Todd )Tj T* 0.104 Tw (Graves, Western District of Missouri, was asked to resign in Janu-)Tj T* 0.242 Tw (ary 2006. According to a joint investigation by the Departments )Tj T* 0.136 Tw (Office of Inspector General \(IG\) and Office of Professional Respon-)Tj T* 0.188 Tw (sibility \(OPR\), 28 U.S. Attorneys appeared on lists of those being )Tj T* 0.112 Tw (considered for firing between the beginning of 2005 and the end of )Tj T* 0 Tw (2006.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 172.0196 367.7095 Tm (1)Tj 10 0 0 10 181.2454 365.0001 Tm 0.212 Tw (The report verified news accounts that several dozen U.S. )Tj -3.4245 -1 TD 0.052 Tw (Attorneys were considered for firing. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.136 Tw (In the course of this investigation, which led to the resignations )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.22 Tw (of the Attorney General, the senior leadership of the Justice De-)Tj T* 0.134 Tw (partment, their staff, and several high-ranking White House polit-)Tj T* 0.284 Tw (ical officials, the Committee has uncovered grave threats to the )Tj T* 0.164 Tw (independence of law enforcement from political manipulation. The )Tj T* 0.12 Tw (evidence accumulated from the testimony of nearly 20 current and )Tj T* 0.116 Tw (former Justice Department officials, as well as documents released )Tj T* 0.258 Tw (by the Department, shows that the list for firings was compiled )Tj T* 0.28 Tw (with participation from the highest political ranks in the White )Tj T* 0.214 Tw (House, including former White House Deputy Chief of Staff Karl )Tj T* 0.13 Tw (Rove. The evidence shows that senior officials were focused on the )Tj T* (political impact of Federal prosecutions and whether Federal pros-)Tj T* 0.192 Tw (ecutors were doing enough to bring partisan voter fraud and cor-)Tj T* 0.154 Tw (ruption cases. It is now apparent that the reasons given for these )Tj T* 0.082 Tw (firings, including those reasons provided in sworn testimony by the )Tj T* 0.128 Tw (Attorney General and Deputy Attorney General, were contrived as )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (part of a cover-up. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.144 Tw (The Committees attempts to obtain information from the White )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.256 Tw (House, first requested voluntarily and later legally compelled by )Tj T* 0.284 Tw (subpoena, have been met with stonewalling. In the process, the )Tj T* 0.296 Tw (White House has asserted blanket claims of executive privilege, )Tj T* 0.068 Tw (and novel claims of absolute immunity, to block current and former )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00002)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 13 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 15 0 obj << /Length 6032 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 303.22 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (3 )Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 147 144.8 m 197 144.8 l S BT 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 137.9972 Tm (2)Tj 7 0 0 7 158.168 136.1 Tm (See )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.9595 0 TD (Watkins )Tj /F1 1 Tf 4.1255 0 TD (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.1444 0 TD 0.0514 Tw (United States, )Tj /F1 1 Tf 6.936 0 TD (354 U.S. 178, 187 \(1957\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 130.9972 Tm 0 Tw (3)Tj 7 0 0 7 158.168 129.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (See, e.g., )Tj /F4 1 Tf 4.4379 0 TD 0 Tw (McGrain )Tj /F1 1 Tf 4.4575 0 TD (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.1444 0 TD (Daugherty, )Tj /F1 1 Tf 5.4585 0 TD 0.0514 Tw (273 U.S. 135, 174 \(1927\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 123.9972 Tm 0 Tw (4)Tj /F4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 158.168 122.1 Tm (Watkins )Tj /F1 1 Tf 4.1255 0 TD (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.1444 0 TD 0.0514 Tw (United States, )Tj /F1 1 Tf 6.936 0 TD (354 U.S. 178, 187 \(1957\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 116.9972 Tm 0 Tw (5)Tj 7 0 0 7 158.168 115.1 Tm 0.0686 Tw (See 28 U.S.C. 546 \(1966\), amended by Pub. L. No. 109177, Title V, 502, 120 Stat. 546 \(Mar. )Tj -1.5954 -1 TD 0.0514 Tw (9, 2006\); amended by Pub. L. No. 11034, 2, 121 Stat. 224 \(June 14, 2007\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 102.9972 Tm 0 Tw (6)Tj 7 0 0 7 158.168 101.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (U.S. Const. Art. II, 2, cl. 2. )Tj 10 0 0 10 147 641 Tm 0.33 Tw (officials from testifying and producing documents in compliance )Tj 0 -1.01 TD 0.052 Tw (with the Committees subpoenas. )Tj 1 -1.01 TD 0.118 Tw (The constitutional powers of Congress and the responsibilities of )Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.206 Tw (this Committee to the Senate and the American people overcome )Tj T* 0.058 Tw (unsubstantiated privilege claims by the White House. The Supreme )Tj T* 0.164 Tw (Court has long recognized that Congress has broad power to in-)Tj T* 0.158 Tw (vestigate the administration of existing laws and to expose cor-)Tj T* 0.122 Tw (ruption, inefficiency, waste within the executive branch.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 418.036 573.0094 Tm 0 Tw (2)Tj 10 0 0 10 426.3617 570.3 Tm 0.122 Tw (The evi-)Tj -27.9362 -1.01 TD 0.086 Tw (dence obtained by the Judiciary Committees investigation, and the )Tj T* 0.226 Tw (resulting reports issued by the Department of Justices Inspector )Tj T* 0.228 Tw (General and Office of Professional Responsibility, raises concerns )Tj T* 0.176 Tw (about the violation of Federal laws, including possible obstruction )Tj T* 0.298 Tw (of justice, laws that prohibit providing misleading or inaccurate )Tj T* 0.262 Tw (testimony to Congress, and possible violations of laws, including )Tj T* 0.138 Tw (the Hatch Act, that prohibit retaliation against Federal employees )Tj T* 0.146 Tw (for improper political reasons. The Committee has a responsibility )Tj T* 0.06 Tw (to conduct investigations and obtain information from the executive )Tj T* 0.188 Tw (branch in order to consider legislation within its jurisdiction,)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 443.3457 472.0095 Tm 0 Tw (3)Tj 10 0 0 10 452.3315 469.3001 Tm (in-)Tj -30.5331 -1.01 TD 0.264 Tw (cluding legislation related to the appointment of U.S. Attorneys, )Tj T* 0.092 Tw (and to protect the Committees role in evaluating nominations pur-)Tj T* (suant to the Senates constitutional responsibility to provide advice )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (and consent. )Tj 1 -1.01 TD 0.15 Tw (The Supreme Court has long held that oversight is inherent in )Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.108 Tw (the legislative process and vital for prob[ing] into departments of )Tj T* 0.538 Tw (the Federal Government to expose corruption, inefficiency or )Tj T* 0 Tw (waste.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 182.3995 391.2095 Tm (4)Tj 10 0 0 10 191.2052 388.5002 Tm 0.17 Tw (The investigation demonstrated the relationship between )Tj -4.4205 -1.01 TD 0.056 Tw (the Committees oversight and investigative powers, and its respon-)Tj T* 0.16 Tw (sibilities to legislate and evaluate nominations. In fact, in connec-)Tj T* 0.146 Tw (tion to this investigation, the Judiciary Committee considered and )Tj T* 0.116 Tw (reported the Preserving United States Attorney Independence Act )Tj T* 0.104 Tw (of 2007 \(S. 214\), a bill introduced by Senator Feinstein and which )Tj T* 0.102 Tw (was signed into law on June 14, 2007, to close a loophole exploited )Tj T* 0.382 Tw (by the Department of Justice and the White House to enable )Tj T* 0.314 Tw (abuses to occur. The new law rescinded the Attorney Generals )Tj T* 0.112 Tw (power to appoint interim U.S. Attorneys to serve indefinitely with-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (out congressional approval.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 274.528 290.2095 Tm 0 Tw (5)Tj 10 0 0 10 278.8538 287.5002 Tm ( )Tj -12.1854 -1.01 TD 0.066 Tw (Not only does the Senate have the power to confirm a Presidents )Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.074 Tw (U.S. Attorney nominations, a matter under Senate rules within the )Tj T* 0.11 Tw (jurisdiction of this Committee, but the appointment power is given )Tj T* 0.186 Tw (to Congress by the Constitution. In Article II, the Presidents ap-)Tj T* 0.15 Tw (pointment power is limited by the power of Congress. In addition, )Tj 0 -1 TD 0.208 Tw (constitutional provisions calling for appointments with the advice )Tj T* 0.12 Tw (and consent of the Senate and for the Presidents limited power to )Tj T* 0.388 Tw (make recess appointments, the Constitution provides: But the )Tj T* 0.072 Tw (Congress may by law vest the appointment of such inferior officers, )Tj T* 0.158 Tw (as they think proper, in the President alone, in the courts of law, )Tj T* 0.104 Tw (or in the Heads of Departments.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 306.8577 179.7095 Tm 0 Tw (6)Tj 10 0 0 10 315.0034 177.0002 Tm 0.104 Tw (In 2007, the Eastern District of )Tj -16.8003 -1 TD 0.218 Tw (Arkansas joined at least two other courts addressing the interim )Tj T* 0.15 Tw (appointment of U.S. Attorneysthe First Circuit in United States )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00003)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 16 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F4 7 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 18 0 obj << /Length 4898 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 303.22 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (4 )Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 147 130.8 m 197 130.8 l S BT 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 123.9972 Tm (7)Tj 7 0 0 7 158.168 122.1 Tm 0.1371 Tw (218 F.3d 19 \(1st Cir. 2000\) \(upholding the constitutionality of the pre-Patriot Act reauthor-)Tj -1.5954 -1 TD 0.2143 Tw (ization law on interim appointments, including the role of the district court about which the )Tj T* 0.0514 Tw (administration earlier this year raised separation of powers concerns\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 102.9972 Tm 0 Tw (8)Tj 7 0 0 7 158.168 101.1 Tm (See )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.9595 0 TD 0.0514 Tw (United States )Tj /F1 1 Tf 6.658 0 TD 0 Tw (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.1444 0 TD (Baker, )Tj /F1 1 Tf 3.3475 0 TD 0.0514 Tw (504 F.Supp.2d 402, 412 \(2007\). )Tj 10 0 0 10 147 641 Tm 0.086 Tw (v. Hilario,)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 194.3493 643.7094 Tm 0 Tw (7)Tj 10 0 0 10 202.315 641 Tm 0.086 Tw (and the Ninth Circuit in United States v. Gantt in con-)Tj -5.5315 -0.99 TD 0.36 Tw (cluding that U.S. Attorneys are inferior officers.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 399.9165 633.8093 Tm 0 Tw (8)Tj 10 0 0 10 410.6223 631.1 Tm 0.36 Tw (Thus, Con-)Tj -26.3622 -0.99 TD 0.162 Tw (gressand in particular this Committeehas a vested interest in )Tj T* 0.18 Tw (obtaining information relating to the appointment and removal of )Tj T* 0.162 Tw (U.S. Attorneys in order to fulfill its constitutional duty to provide )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (for the appointment of inferior officers. )Tj 1 -0.99 TD 0.224 Tw (On November 29, 2007, Chairman Leahy ruled that the White )Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.13 Tw (Houses claims of executive privilege and immunity are not legally )Tj T* 0.234 Tw (valid to excuse current and former White House employees from )Tj T* 0.214 Tw (appearing, testifying and producing documents related to this in-)Tj T* 0.19 Tw (vestigation. 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Instead, the President and the White House counsel condi-)Tj T* 0.282 Tw (tioned any limited availability of information on a demand that )Tj T* 0.132 Tw (whatever the White House were to provide initially would end the )Tj 0 -1 TD 0.212 Tw (matter, and the Senate Judiciary Committee would agree to halt )Tj T* 0.276 Tw (its investigation. They also demanded that any information pro-)Tj T* 0.196 Tw (vided be shared behind closed doors, not under oath and without )Tj T* 0.144 Tw (a transcript. Despite mounting evidence of significant involvement )Tj T* 0.084 Tw (by White House political officials, the White House did not produce )Tj T* 0.308 Tw (a single document or allow even one White House employee or )Tj T* 0.072 Tw (former employee involved in these matters to be interviewed volun-)Tj T* 0 Tw (tarily. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.146 Tw (The administration has continued to rebuke the Committees ef-)Tj -1 -1 TD 0.3 Tw (forts to reach an accommodation since this initial, unacceptable )Tj T* 0.142 Tw (take it or leave it offer. At each step, the Committee has sought )Tj T* 0.188 Tw (an accommodation, but the White House has reiterated its initial )Tj T* 0.456 Tw (offer. Chairman Leahy issued Committee-authorized subpoenas )Tj T* 0.266 Tw (only after extensive efforts to reach a voluntary accommodation, )Tj T* 0.142 Tw (and having concluded that further efforts to reach an accommoda-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (tion would be futile. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.07 Tw (Before issuing the subpoenas, the Committee sent nearly a dozen )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.074 Tw (letters seeking voluntary cooperation from the White House and its )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (current and former employees with the investigation: )Tj /F6 1 Tf 1 -1 TD 0 Tw ()Tj /F1 1 Tf 1.016 0 TD 0.088 Tw (On March 13, 2007, Chairman Leahy and Senator Specter, the )Tj -2.016 -1 TD 0.118 Tw (Committees Ranking Member, sent a letter to White House Coun-)Tj T* 0.09 Tw (sel Fred Fielding echoing a March 9, 2007, request from the House )Tj T* 0.382 Tw (Judiciary Committee for documents and interviews with White )Tj T* 0.254 Tw (House officials related to the U.S. Attorney investigation. Chair-)Tj T* 0.264 Tw (man Leahy and Senator Specter also sent letters to then White )Tj T* 0.134 Tw (House Deputy Chief of Staff Karl Rove, then Deputy White House )Tj T* 0.148 Tw (Counsel William Kelley, and former White House Counsel Harriet )Tj T* 0.086 Tw (Miers seeking their voluntary cooperation with the Committees in-)Tj T* 0.37 Tw (vestigation. On March 15, 2007, Chairman Leahy and Senator )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00009)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 35 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F4 7 0 R /F5 8 0 R /F6 20 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 37 0 obj << /Length 4998 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (10 )Tj -15.344 -2 TD 0.174 Tw (Specter sent a similar letter to Special Assistant to the President )Tj 0 -1 TD 0.052 Tw (and Deputy Director of Political Affairs J. Scott Jennings. )Tj /F6 1 Tf 1 -1 TD 0 Tw ()Tj /F1 1 Tf 1.016 0 TD 0.21 Tw (On March 20, 2007, Mr. Fielding sent a letter to the Senate )Tj -2.016 -1 TD 0.278 Tw (and House Judiciary Committees making a take it or leave it )Tj T* 0.294 Tw (offer of off-the-record interviews with current and former White )Tj T* 0.092 Tw (House employees, with no transcript, no oath, and no ability to fol-)Tj T* 0.11 Tw (low up. Mr. Fielding offered to produce a small subset of the docu-)Tj T* 0.26 Tw (ments requested, but only as part of an agreement to the offer, )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (which would prejudice any further investigative steps. )Tj /F6 1 Tf 1 -1 TD 0 Tw ()Tj /F1 1 Tf 1.016 0 TD 0.074 Tw (On March 22, 2007, Chairman Leahy and nine Members of the )Tj -2.016 -1 TD 0.164 Tw (Senate Judiciary Committee sent a letter to Mr. Fielding explain-)Tj T* 0.212 Tw (ing that this take it or leave it offer was unacceptable because )Tj T* 0.182 Tw (it would constrain the Committees and the publics access to key )Tj T* 0.098 Tw (information, and prejudge the outcome of the investigation. Repub-)Tj T* 0.13 Tw (lican Members of the Committee also publicly and privately recog-)Tj T* 0.194 Tw (nized that such off-the-record meetings would be inadequate, and )Tj T* 0.152 Tw (inhibit the Committees exercise of its investigative, oversight and )Tj T* 0.182 Tw (legislative functions. On the same day, the Committee authorized )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (subpoenas for Mr. Rove, Ms. Miers, and Mr. Kelley. )Tj /F6 1 Tf 1 -1 TD 0 Tw ()Tj /F1 1 Tf 1.016 0 TD 0.354 Tw (On March 28, 2007, having received no response from the )Tj -2.016 -1 TD 0.19 Tw (White House to the March 22, 2007, letter, Chairman Leahy and )Tj T* 0.11 Tw (House Judiciary Committee Chairman Conyers, in an effort to fur-)Tj T* 0.096 Tw (ther the investigation, sent Mr. Fielding a letter seeking to narrow )Tj T* 0.264 Tw (the dispute and gain access to documents the White House had )Tj T* 0.11 Tw (previously offered to provide as part of its take it or leave it pro-)Tj T* 0 Tw (posal. )Tj /F6 1 Tf 1 -1 TD ()Tj /F1 1 Tf 1.016 0 TD 0.098 Tw (Still having received no response from Mr. Fielding to the pre-)Tj -2.016 -1 TD 0.082 Tw (vious two letters, Chairman Leahy sent Mr. Fielding another letter )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (on April 5, 2007, asking for the reviews by White House staff that )Tj T* 0.28 Tw (led the President to say on March 20, 2007, that there was no )Tj T* 0 Tw (wrongdoing. )Tj /F6 1 Tf 1 -1 TD ()Tj /F1 1 Tf 1.016 0 TD 0.138 Tw (On April 11, 2007, Chairman Leahy and Senator Specter sent )Tj -2.016 -1 TD 0.174 Tw (a letter to then White House Director of Political Affairs Sara M. )Tj T* 0.13 Tw (Taylor seeking her voluntary cooperation with the Committees in-)Tj T* 0 Tw (vestigation. )Tj /F6 1 Tf 1 -1 TD ()Tj /F1 1 Tf 1.016 0 TD 0.342 Tw (On April 12, 2007, in light of the Committees request for )Tj -2.016 -1 TD 0.16 Tw (White House emails related to the investigation, Chairman Leahy )Tj T* 0.126 Tw (and Senator Specter sent a letter to Mr. Fielding requesting infor-)Tj T* 0.106 Tw (mation about revelations that dozens of White House officials used )Tj T* 0.204 Tw (non-governmental Republican National Committee email accounts )Tj T* 0.078 Tw (for official government business. No White House emails have been )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (turned over to the Committee. )Tj /F6 1 Tf 1 -1 TD 0 Tw ()Tj /F1 1 Tf 1.016 0 TD 0.304 Tw (On April 12, 2007, and April 25, 2007, the Judiciary Com-)Tj -2.016 -1 TD 0.074 Tw (mittee authorized subpoenas for White House Chief of Staff Joshua )Tj T* 0.28 Tw (Bolten as custodian of documents for the White House and Mr. )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (Jennings and Ms. Taylor, respectively. )Tj /F6 1 Tf 1 -1 TD 0 Tw ()Tj /F1 1 Tf 1.016 0 TD 0.08 Tw (Still having not received answers to the previous letters nearly )Tj -2.016 -1 TD 0.126 Tw (two months after rejecting the White Houses initial offer as unac-)Tj T* 0.224 Tw (ceptable, Chairman Leahy sent Mr. Fielding a letter on May 16, )Tj T* 0.064 Tw (2007, recounting the previous requests for information and summa-)Tj T* 0.278 Tw (rizing the evidence gathered by the investigating Committees of )Tj T* 0.112 Tw (the Senate and House. This evidence showed that White House of-)Tj T* 0.236 Tw (ficials played a significant role in originating, developing, coordi-)Tj T* (nating and implementing the plan for firing U.S. Attorneys, and )Tj T* 0.118 Tw (the Justice Departments response to congressional inquiries about )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00010)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 38 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F5 8 0 R /F6 20 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 40 0 obj << /Length 5816 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (11 )Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 147 174.8 m 197 174.8 l S BT 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 167.9972 Tm (9)Tj 7 0 0 7 158.168 166.1 Tm 0.1943 Tw (See March 21, 2007, letter from Congressman Henry A. Waxman, Chairman, House Com-)Tj -1.5954 -1 TD 0.0971 Tw (mittee on Oversight and Government Reform, to Senator Patrick Leahy and Congressman John )Tj T* 0.0514 Tw (Conyers, Jr. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 146.9972 Tm 0 Tw (10)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 145.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (Morton Rosenberg, Congressional Oversight Manual, CRS39. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 139.9972 Tm 0 Tw (11)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 138.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (In re Sealed Case, 121 F.3d at 755. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 132.9972 Tm 0 Tw (12)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 131.1 Tm 0.0571 Tw (The minority views filed by Senators Kyl, Sessions, Brownback and Coburn quote Chairman )Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.1857 Tw (Leahy and other Democratic Senators out of context to suggest that the actions taken by the )Tj T* 0.1629 Tw (Committee in this investigation stand in contrast to past statements recognizing that issuing )Tj T* 0.0743 Tw (a subpoena was a serious matter that should be undertaken only after substantial deliberation. )Tj 40.5971 -1.2857 TD 0 Tw (Continued )Tj 10 0 0 10 147 641 Tm 0.168 Tw (it. This evidence also included an apparent effort to minimize ad-)Tj 0 -0.99 TD 0.072 Tw (missions of the involvement by White House officials. The letter re-)Tj T* 0.422 Tw (peated the request for voluntary cooperation, but notified Mr. )Tj T* 0.098 Tw (Fielding that the Chairman would have no choice but to issue sub-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (poenas if it was not forthcoming. )Tj /F6 1 Tf 1 -0.99 TD 0 Tw ()Tj /F1 1 Tf 1.016 0 TD 0.13 Tw (On June 7, 2007, Mr. Fielding sent a letter to the Senate and )Tj -2.016 -0.99 TD 0.26 Tw (House Judiciary Committees disputing any wrongdoing and reit-)Tj T* 0.202 Tw (erating the same take it or leave it offer from March 20, 2007, )Tj T* 0.108 Tw (for backroom interviews that the Committee rejected three months )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (earlier. No documents accompanied the letter. )Tj /F6 1 Tf 1 -0.99 TD 0 Tw ()Tj /F1 1 Tf 1.016 0 TD 0.068 Tw (After exhausting avenues of voluntary cooperation, on June 13, )Tj -2.016 -0.99 TD 0.226 Tw (2007, and July 26, 2007, Chairman Leahy issued subpoenas, au-)Tj T* 0.228 Tw (thorized by the Committee in April 2007, for White House docu-)Tj T* 0.114 Tw (ments from Mr. Bolten and for documents and testimony from Mr. )Tj T* 0.346 Tw (Rove. These subpoenas were met with non-compliance, eliciting )Tj T* 0.092 Tw (blanket claims of executive privilege and immunity from the White )Tj T* 0 Tw (House. )Tj /F6 1 Tf 1 -0.99 TD ()Tj /F1 1 Tf 1.016 0 TD 0.168 Tw (On August 14, 2007, at the urging of Senator Specter, Chair-)Tj -2.016 -0.99 TD 0.126 Tw (man Leahy wrote to President Bush suggesting a meeting to work )Tj T* 0.24 Tw (out differences with respect to the investigation before the Com-)Tj T* 0.212 Tw (mittee would be forced to consider citations for contempt of Con-)Tj T* 0.09 Tw (gress by current and former White House officials. Mr. Fielding re-)Tj T* 0.172 Tw (sponded for the President on August 17, 2007, rejecting the offer. )Tj 1 -0.99 TD 0.078 Tw (This stonewalling is a dramatic break from the practices of every )Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.188 Tw (administration since World War II in responding to congressional )Tj T* 0 Tw (oversight.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 192.7393 396.2094 Tm (9)Tj 10 0 0 10 201.1051 393.5 Tm 0.126 Tw (In that time, presidential advisors have testified before )Tj -5.4105 -0.99 TD 0.132 Tw (congressional committees 74 times, either voluntarily or compelled )Tj T* 0.058 Tw (by subpoenas. During the Clinton administration, White House and )Tj T* 0.2 Tw (administration advisors were routinely subpoenaed for documents )Tj T* 0.346 Tw (or to appear before Congress. For example, in 1996 alone, the )Tj T* 0.408 Tw (House Government Reform Committee issued at least 27 sub-)Tj T* 0.266 Tw (poenas to White House advisors. According to the Congressional )Tj T* 0.116 Tw (Oversight Manual produced by the non-partisan Congressional Re-)Tj T* 0.142 Tw (search Service, most disputes between Congress and the executive )Tj T* 0.308 Tw (branch about access to documents and information are resolved )Tj T* 0.158 Tw (through compromise.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 246.3485 297.2094 Tm 0 Tw (10)Tj 10 0 0 10 259.36 294.5 Tm 0.158 Tw (The veil of secrecy this administration has )Tj -11.236 -0.99 TD 0.236 Tw (insisted upon is unprecedented and damaging to the tradition of )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (open government that has been a hallmark of this Republic. )Tj 1 -0.99 TD 0.29 Tw (Failure to provide information through accommodation despite )Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.278 Tw (the established public need for it bolsters the need to overcome )Tj T* 0.074 Tw (claims of executive privilege. Executive privilege is overcome where )Tj 0 -1 TD 0.088 Tw (the subpoenaed materials likely contain important information and )Tj T* 0.168 Tw (where that information is not available elsewhere.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 389.8964 227.7094 Tm 0 Tw (11)Tj 10 0 0 10 403.008 225 Tm 0.168 Tw (The evidence )Tj -25.6008 -1 TD 0.16 Tw (the Committee obtained in this investigation shows significant in-)Tj T* 0.252 Tw (volvement by senior White House officials, but the White House )Tj T* 0.116 Tw (has closed all avenues for obtaining materials necessary to answer )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (critical questions about its involvement.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 334.1071 187.7093 Tm 0 Tw (12)Tj 10 0 0 10 342.7587 185 Tm ( )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00011)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 41 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F5 8 0 R /F6 20 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 45 0 obj << /Length 7892 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (12 )Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 147 340.8 m 197 340.8 l S BT 7 0 0 7 147 332.1 Tm 0.1171 Tw (To the contrary, as demonstrated in exhaustive detail in this report, this Committee undertook )Tj 0 -1 TD 0.2371 Tw (extensive efforts to reach an accommodation with the administration before authorizing sub-)Tj T* 0.08 Tw (poenas, before issuing subpoenas, before issuing any rulings, and before voting on contempt res-)Tj T* 0.2143 Tw (olutions. Judge Bates of the District Court for the District of Columbia recounted the extent )Tj T* 0.1171 Tw (of the efforts taken by both the House and Senate Judiciary Committees to reach an accommo-)Tj T* 0.2371 Tw (dation with the administration in rejecting the administrations claims of absolute immunity )Tj T* 0.1857 Tw (and blanket unsubstantiated privilege. Judge Bates acknowledged that these efforts had been )Tj T* 0.1457 Tw (to no avail in light of the administrations continued reliance on its initial take it or leave it )Tj T* 0.1914 Tw (proposal for off-the-record, backroom interviews with no transcript, no oath, and no ability to )Tj T* 0.1486 Tw (follow up, which would deny Congress the ability to fulfill its legislative and oversight respon-)Tj T* 0 Tw (sibilities. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.14 Tw (The Bush Administrations approach is a sharp break from the approach of past administra-)Tj -1 -1 TD 0.0629 Tw (tions, such as the Clinton Administration, in which 47 presidential advisors testified before Con-)Tj T* 0.2 Tw (gress. Indeed, the Committees deliberation in continuing to seek an accommodation with the )Tj T* 0.0714 Tw (administration even after voting to adopt the contempt resolutions has led Senators Specter and )Tj T* 0.06 Tw (Grassley to file minority views to question whether the matter is now somewhere between moot )Tj T* 0.0829 Tw (and meaningless because so much time has passed. Although the administration has continued )Tj T* 0.0914 Tw (to stonewall the investigation, three reports from the Department of Justices Inspector General )Tj T* 0.2629 Tw (and Office of Professional Responsibility have confirmed the Committees findings of serious )Tj T* 0.2343 Tw (wrongdoing, a federal court has rejected the administrations immunity and privilege claims, )Tj T* 0.1114 Tw (and the Attorney General has referred the matter to a Special Prosecutor for further investiga-)Tj T* 0.0514 Tw (tion to determine whether crimes occurred. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 179.9972 Tm 0 Tw (13)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 178.1 Tm 0.1657 Tw (Letter from Fred Fielding, White House counsel, to Chairman Leahy and Senator Specter )Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.0514 Tw (\(August 1, 2007\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 165.9972 Tm 0 Tw (14)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 164.1 Tm 0.1714 Tw (Mr. Fieldings letter also responded to a subpoena issued June 13 to former White House )Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.0771 Tw (employee Sara Taylor for documents and testimony. Mr. Fieldings letter asserted that the testi-)Tj T* 0.0686 Tw (mony of Ms. Taylor would be subject to a claim of executive privilege. That same day, Mr. Field-)Tj T* 0.2514 Tw (ing informed Ms. Taylors attorney, W. Neil Eggleston, that the President claimed executive )Tj T* 0.18 Tw (privilege over all responsive documents. Mr. Eggleston by letter informed the Committee that )Tj T* 0.2286 Tw (Ms. Taylor was not producing the compelled documents, but rather turning responsive docu-)Tj T* 0.2257 Tw (ments over to the White House. Ms. Taylor was directed by Mr. Fielding not to testify, and )Tj T* 0.1114 Tw (when she appeared before the Senate Judiciary Committee on July 11, 2007, she selectively in-)Tj T* 0.1229 Tw (voked Mr. Fieldings letter to answer some, but not to answer many other, questions regarding )Tj T* 0.0514 Tw (the firings. )Tj 10 0 0 10 147 641 Tm 0.336 Tw (IV. F)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 173.8796 641 Tm 0 Tw [(ORMER)-767.5(AND)]TJ 10 0 0 10 235.7829 641 Tm (C)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 243.0028 641 Tm (URRENT)Tj 10 0 0 10 284.8462 641 Tm (W)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 294.6561 641 Tm (HITE)Tj 10 0 0 10 321.8278 641 Tm (H)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 330.1576 641 Tm (OUSE)Tj 10 0 0 10 359.8573 641 Tm (O)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 367.6371 641 Tm (FFICIALS)Tj 10 0 0 10 412.8885 641 Tm (F)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 419.5584 641 Tm (AILED)Tj 10 0 0 10 452.066 641 Tm (T)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 458.736 641 Tm (O)Tj 10 0 0 10 464.9598 641 Tm ( )Tj -30.796 -1.01 TD (C)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 164.2199 630.9 Tm (OMPLY)Tj 10 0 0 10 198.8594 630.9 Tm (W)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 208.6693 630.9 Tm [(ITH)-570(THE)]TJ 10 0 0 10 250.8208 630.9 Tm (S)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 257.1207 630.9 Tm (ENATE)Tj 10 0 0 10 290.8642 630.9 Tm (J)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 296.4242 630.9 Tm (UDICIARY)Tj 10 0 0 10 343.1995 630.9 Tm (C)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 350.4194 630.9 Tm (OMMITTEE)Tj 10 0 0 10 397.2267 630.9 Tm ()Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 399.2667 630.9 Tm (S)Tj 10 0 0 10 408.8666 630.9 Tm (S)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 415.1665 630.9 Tm (UBPOENAS)Tj 10 0 0 10 462.1338 630.9 Tm (, )Tj -30.5134 -1.01 TD (C)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 164.2199 620.8 Tm (ITING)Tj 10 0 0 10 192.1115 620.8 Tm (B)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 199.3314 620.8 Tm (LANKET)Tj 10 0 0 10 237.5989 620.8 Tm (E)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 244.8188 620.8 Tm (XECUTIVE)Tj 10 0 0 10 291.9661 620.8 Tm (P)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 298.636 620.8 Tm [(RIVILEGE)-412.5(AND)]TJ 10 0 0 10 364.9311 620.8 Tm (I)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 369.001 620.8 Tm (MMUNITY)Tj 10 0 0 10 414.6684 620.8 Tm (C)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 421.8883 620.8 Tm (LAIMS)Tj 10 0 0 10 448.8479 620.8 Tm ( )Tj -29.1848 -1.61 TD 0.134 Tw (In response to Senate Judiciary Committee subpoenas for White )Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.218 Tw (House documents and for documents and testimony from current )Tj T* 0.066 Tw (and former White House officials related to the mass firings of U.S. )Tj T* 0.092 Tw (Attorneys, White House Counsel Fred Fielding has conveyed Presi-)Tj T* 0.196 Tw (dent Bushs blanket claim of executive privilege over all informa-)Tj T* 0.236 Tw (tion from the White House related to the Committees investiga-)Tj T* 0.206 Tw (tion. In addition to its privilege claims, the White House has as-)Tj T* 0.234 Tw (serted the novel claim that Karl Rove, subpoenaed by this Com-)Tj T* 0.148 Tw (mittee for testimony and documents, is immune as an immediate )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (Presidential Advisor from appearing at all.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 352.0369 516.5094 Tm 0 Tw (13)Tj 10 0 0 10 360.6884 513.8 Tm ( )Tj -20.3688 -1.01 TD 0.172 Tw (The effects of the White Houses assertions of privilege and im-)Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.248 Tw (munity have been to withhold critical information related to the )Tj T* 0.204 Tw (Committees investigation. The Committee has demonstrated that )Tj T* 0.11 Tw (it needs the subpoenaed materials in order to perform its constitu-)Tj T* 0.164 Tw (tional legislative, investigative, and oversight functions and to ex-)Tj T* 0.092 Tw (plore the veracity of administration responses to requests for infor-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (mation from the Committee. )Tj 1 -1.01 TD 0.208 Tw (On June 13, 2007, Chairman Leahy issued a subpoena author-)Tj -1 -1 TD 0.204 Tw (ized April 12, 2007, to Mr. Bolten, the White House custodian of )Tj T* 0.314 Tw (records, for documents related to the Committees investigation. )Tj T* 0.168 Tw (The return date for the documents from Mr. Bolten was June 28, )Tj T* 0 Tw (2007. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.168 Tw (On June 28, 2007, Mr. Fielding sent a letter to the Senate and )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.188 Tw (House Judiciary Committees making a blanket claim of executive )Tj T* 0.258 Tw (privilege on behalf of President Bush, refusing to turn over any )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (documents compelled by subpoenas.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 314.8674 355.7095 Tm 0 Tw (14)Tj 10 0 0 10 323.519 353.0001 Tm ( )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00012)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 46 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 48 0 obj << /Length 5683 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (13 )Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 147 165.8 m 197 165.8 l S BT 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 158.9972 Tm (15)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 157.1 Tm 0.0886 Tw (Mr. Fieldings August 1, 2007, letter also informed the Committee that the President would )Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.0829 Tw (invoke the blanket claim of executive privilege in response to a July 26, 2007, subpoena of Scott )Tj T* 0.2057 Tw (Jennings. On August 2, 2007, Mr. Fielding sent a letter to Mr. Jennings informing him that )Tj T* 0.0943 Tw (he was directed not to produce documents or testify before Congress regarding the U.S. Attor-)Tj T* 0.1486 Tw (ney firings due to the Presidents blanket privilege claim. When Mr. Jennings appeared before )Tj T* 0.1286 Tw (the Senate Judiciary Committee on August 2, 2007, he selectively invoked Mr. Fieldings letter )Tj T* 0.0514 Tw (not to answer most questions from members of the Committee. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 109.9972 Tm 0 Tw (16)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 108.1 Tm 0.1429 Tw (Letter from Fred Fielding, White House Counsel, to Chairman Leahy and Senator Specter )Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.0514 Tw (\(August 1, 2007\). )Tj 10 0 0 10 157 641 Tm 0.282 Tw (In response to the White Houses blanket privilege claims, on )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.218 Tw (June 29, 2007, the Chairmen of the Senate and House Judiciary )Tj T* 0.174 Tw (Committees sent Mr. Fielding a letter asking the White House to )Tj T* 0.056 Tw (provide the Committees with the specific factual and legal bases for )Tj T* 0.118 Tw (its privilege claims regarding each document withheld and a privi-)Tj T* 0.176 Tw (lege log. They asked the White House to provide this information )Tj T* 0.12 Tw (so that it could substantiate its claim. A serious assertion of privi-)Tj T* 0.332 Tw (lege would include an effort to demonstrate to the Committees )Tj T* 0.088 Tw (which documents, and which parts of those documents, are covered )Tj T* 0.302 Tw (by any privilege that is asserted to apply and why. The White )Tj T* 0.274 Tw (House declined this opportunity in a July 9, 2007, letter to the )Tj T* 0.154 Tw (Committee Chairmen. No factual basis for the blanket claims and )Tj T* 0.23 Tw (no specificity with respect to those claims of privilege have been )Tj T* 0 Tw (provided. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.274 Tw (On July 26, 2007, Chairman Leahy issued a subpoena to Mr. )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.196 Tw (Rove for documents and testimony related to the Committees in-)Tj T* 0.148 Tw (vestigation. This subpoena had been authorized by the Committee )Tj T* 0.224 Tw (on March 22, 2007. It had a return date of August 2, 2007. Mr. )Tj T* 0.082 Tw (Fielding sent a letter August 1, 2007, to Chairman Leahy and Sen-)Tj T* 0.092 Tw (ator Specter informing the Committee that the President would in-)Tj T* 0.08 Tw (voke the blanket claim of executive privilege to direct Mr. Rove not )Tj T* 0.232 Tw (to produce responsive documents or testify before the Committee )Tj T* 0.154 Tw (about the firings.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 229.7188 423.7093 Tm 0 Tw (15)Tj 10 0 0 10 242.6903 421 Tm 0.154 Tw (In addition, this letter asserted that Mr. Rove )Tj -9.569 -1 TD 0.174 Tw (was immune from compelled congressional testimony as an im-)Tj T* 0.294 Tw (mediate presidential advisor and would not even appear in re-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (sponse to the Committees subpoena.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 319.2874 393.7094 Tm 0 Tw (16)Tj 10 0 0 10 327.9389 391 Tm ( )Tj -17.0939 -1 TD 0.204 Tw (Before ruling on the White Houses executive privilege and im-)Tj -1 -1 TD 0.218 Tw (munity claims, Chairman Leahy wrote to President Bush on Au-)Tj T* 0.09 Tw (gust 14, 2007, at the urging of Senator Specter, suggesting a meet-)Tj T* 0.116 Tw (ing to work out differences with respect to the investigation before )Tj T* 0.056 Tw (the Committee. Mr. Fielding responded for the President on August )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (17, 2007, and rejected the request for a meeting. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.262 Tw (Executive privilege is not a broad and sweeping authority the )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.186 Tw (President can hide behind because he does not want to cooperate )Tj T* 0.136 Tw (with congressional oversight because White House actions are em-)Tj T* 0.256 Tw (barrassing or worse. It should not prevent Congress from exam-)Tj T* 0.132 Tw (ining White House documents vitally important to a legitimate in-)Tj T* 0.402 Tw (vestigation. While courts have recognized a qualified executive )Tj T* 0.176 Tw (privilege, that privilege, even when properly invoked, is not abso-)Tj T* 0.352 Tw (lute and must be balanced against the Committees compelling )Tj T* 0.162 Tw (need for the information in order for Congress to perform its con-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (stitutional functions. )Tj 1.95 -1.8 TD (V. R)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 187.0197 212.9999 Tm 0 Tw [(ULING)-412.5(ON)]TJ 10 0 0 10 234.2191 212.9999 Tm (E)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 241.4389 212.9999 Tm (XECUTIVE)Tj 10 0 0 10 288.5863 212.9999 Tm (P)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 295.2562 212.9999 Tm [(RIVILEGE)-412.5(AND)]TJ 10 0 0 10 361.5513 212.9999 Tm (I)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 365.6212 212.9999 Tm (MMUNITY)Tj 10 0 0 10 411.2886 212.9999 Tm (C)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 418.5085 212.9999 Tm (LAIMS)Tj 10 0 0 10 445.4681 212.9999 Tm ( )Tj -28.8468 -1.6 TD 0.358 Tw (Having been unable to reach accommodation with the White )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.094 Tw (House, on November 29, 2007, Chairman Leahy ruled on the privi-)Tj T* 0.162 Tw (lege and immunity claims. He held them not legally valid and di-)Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00013)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 49 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 51 0 obj << /Length 498 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (14 )Tj -15.344 -2 TD 0.24 Tw (rected Mr. Rove and Mr. Bolten to comply with the Senate sub-)Tj 0 -1 TD 0.052 Tw (poenas. 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R)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 174.8496 641 Tm 0 Tw (ESOLUTIONS)Tj 10 0 0 10 236.6808 641 Tm (F)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 243.3507 641 Tm (INDING)Tj 10 0 0 10 281.9102 641 Tm (J)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 287.4701 641 Tm (OSHUA)Tj 10 0 0 10 324.2536 641 Tm (B)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 331.4735 641 Tm [(OLTEN)-820(AND)]TJ 10 0 0 10 392.3048 641 Tm (K)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 400.0847 641 Tm (ARL)Tj 10 0 0 10 423.5325 641 Tm (R)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 430.7523 641 Tm [(OVE)-820(IN)]TJ 10 0 0 10 464.864 641 Tm ( )Tj -30.7864 -0.99 TD (C)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 164.2199 631.1 Tm [(ONTEMPT)-777.5(OF)]TJ 10 0 0 10 230.2991 631.1 Tm (C)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 237.519 631.1 Tm [(ONGRESS)-777.5(FOR)]TJ 10 0 0 10 307.8941 631.1 Tm (F)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 314.564 631.1 Tm (AILURE)Tj 10 0 0 10 353.2235 631.1 Tm (T)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 359.8934 631.1 Tm (O)Tj 10 0 0 10 372.3373 631.1 Tm (C)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 379.5572 631.1 Tm (OMPLY)Tj 10 0 0 10 415.8568 631.1 Tm (W)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 425.6666 631.1 Tm [(ITH)-777.5(THE)]TJ 10 0 0 10 464.9182 631.1 Tm ( )Tj -30.7918 -0.99 TD (S)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 163.2999 621.2 Tm (ENATE)Tj 10 0 0 10 195.7834 621.2 Tm (S)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 202.0833 621.2 Tm (UBPOENAS)Tj 10 0 0 10 249.0506 621.2 Tm ( )Tj -9.2051 -1.59 TD 0.13 Tw (Despite Chairman Leahys ruling, Mr. Rove and Mr. Bolten con-)Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.446 Tw (tinued in noncompliance with the subpoenas. Mr. Bolten was )Tj T* 0.208 Tw (scheduled to appear and provide documents to the Committee by )Tj T* 0.174 Tw (June 28, 2007, and Mr. Rove was summoned to testify before the )Tj T* 0.122 Tw (Judiciary Committee on August 2, 2007. Both failed to appear. On )Tj T* 0.172 Tw (December 13, 2007, the Judiciary Committee found Mr. Rove and )Tj T* 0.084 Tw (Mr. Bolten to be in contempt of Congress for failing to comply with )Tj T* 0.068 Tw (the subpoenas issued in connection with the Committees investiga-)Tj T* 0.108 Tw (tion into the mass firings of U.S. Attorneys. The bipartisan vote to )Tj T* 0.25 Tw (report the contempt resolutions came two weeks after Chairman )Tj T* 0.11 Tw (Leahy ruled that the Presidents claims of executive privilege were )Tj T* (overbroad and not legally valid to excuse Mr. Rove and Mr. Bolten )Tj T* 0.342 Tw (from providing Congress with subpoenaed documents and testi-)Tj T* 0 Tw (mony. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 237.48 460.7 Tm (A)Tj 10 0 0 10 243.2559 460.7 Tm (. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 249.3358 460.7 Tm [(FORM)-412.5(OF)-412.5(THE)-412.5(RESOLUTIONS)]TJ 10 0 0 10 374.5061 460.7 Tm ( )Tj -21.7506 -1.59 TD 0.122 Tw (The resolutions of contempt, certifying the noncompliance of Mr. )Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.052 Tw (Rove and Mr. Bolten are reprinted below: )Tj 12.4 -1.79 TD 0 Tw (RESOLUTION )Tj /F4 1 Tf -9.4 -1.6 TD 0.36 Tw (Authorizing the President of the Senate to certify the )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.212 Tw (facts of the failure of Joshua Bolten, as the Custodian of )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (Records at the White House, to appear before the Committee )Tj T* 0.288 Tw (on the Judiciary and produce documents as required by )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (Committee subpoena. )Tj /F1 1 Tf 1 -1 TD 0.312 Tw (WHEREAS, since the beginning of this Congress, the )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.25 Tw (Senate Judiciary Committee has conducted an investiga-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (tion into the removal of United States Attorneys; )Tj 1 -1 TD (WHEREAS, the Committees requests for information re-)Tj -1 -1 TD 0.244 Tw (lated to its investigation, including documents and testi-)Tj T* 0.178 Tw (mony from the White House and White House personnel, )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (were denied; )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.072 Tw (WHEREAS, the White House has not offered any accom-)Tj -1 -1 TD 0.354 Tw (modation or compromise to provide the information re-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (quested that is acceptable to the Committee; )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.116 Tw (WHEREAS, on April 12, 2007, pursuant to its authority )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.256 Tw (under Rule 26 of the Standing Rules of the Senate, the )Tj T* 0.112 Tw (Senate Committee on the Judiciary authorized issuance to )Tj T* 0.136 Tw (the Custodian of Records at the White House, a subpoena )Tj T* 0.166 Tw (which commands the Custodian of Records to provide the )Tj T* 0.208 Tw (Committee with all documents in the possession, control, )Tj T* 0.152 Tw (or custody of the White House related to the Committees )Tj T* 0 Tw (investigation; )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.25 Tw (WHEREAS, on June 13, 2007, the Chairman issued a )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.14 Tw (subpoena pursuant to the April 12, 2007, authorization to )Tj T* 0.266 Tw (White House Chief of Staff Joshua Bolten as the White )Tj T* 0.156 Tw (House Custodian of Records, for documents related to the )Tj T* 0.166 Tw (Committees investigation, with a return date of June 28, )Tj T* 0 Tw (2007; )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.122 Tw (WHEREAS, on June 28, 2007, in response to subpoenas )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.202 Tw (for documents issued by the Senate and House Judiciary )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00020)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6969)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 80 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F4 7 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 82 0 obj << /Length 4222 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (21 )Tj -13.344 -2 TD 0.108 Tw (Committees, White House Counsel Fred Fielding conveyed )Tj 0 -1 TD 0.19 Tw (the Presidents claim of executive privilege over all infor-)Tj T* 0.156 Tw (mation in the custody and control of the White House re-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (lated to the Committees investigation; )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.244 Tw (WHEREAS, based on this claim of executive privilege, )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.262 Tw (Mr. Bolten refused to appear and produce documents to )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (the Committee in compliance with the subpoena; )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.4 Tw (WHEREAS, on June 29, 2007, the Chairmen of the )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.478 Tw (House and Senate Judiciary Committees provided the )Tj T* 0.1 Tw (White House with an opportunity to substantiate its privi-)Tj T* 0.15 Tw (lege claims by providing the Committees with the specific )Tj T* 0.236 Tw (factual and legal bases for its privilege claims regarding )Tj T* 0.058 Tw (each document withheld and a privilege log to demonstrate )Tj T* 0.232 Tw (to the Committees which documents, and which parts of )Tj T* 0.186 Tw (those documents, are covered by any privilege that is as-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (serted to apply and why; )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.21 Tw (WHEREAS, the White House declined this opportunity )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.134 Tw (in a July 9, 2007, letter to the Committee Chairmen from )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (Mr. Fielding, while reiterating the privilege claim; )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.252 Tw (WHEREAS, on August 17, 2007, Mr. Fielding rejected )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.202 Tw (the Chairmans request for a meeting with the President )Tj T* 0.148 Tw (to work out an accommodation for the information sought )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (by the Committee; )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.122 Tw (WHEREAS, on November 29, 2007, the Chairman ruled )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.23 Tw (that the White Houses claims of executive privilege and )Tj T* 0.44 Tw (immunity are not legally valid to excuse current and )Tj T* 0.174 Tw (former White House employees from appearing, testifying )Tj T* 0.114 Tw (and producing documents related to this investigation and )Tj T* 0.188 Tw (directed Mr. Bolten, along with other current and former )Tj T* 0.224 Tw (White House employees, to comply immediately with the )Tj T* 0.12 Tw (Committees subpoenas by producing documents and testi-)Tj T* 0 Tw (fying; )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.122 Tw (WHEREAS, Mr. Bolten has not complied with the Com-)Tj -1 -1 TD 0.146 Tw (mittees subpoenas or made any offer to cure his previous )Tj T* 0 Tw (noncompliance; )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.292 Tw (WHEREAS, the Committees investigation is pursuant )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.052 Tw (to the constitutional legislative, oversight and investigative )Tj T* 0.238 Tw (powers of Congress and the responsibilities of this Com-)Tj T* 0.216 Tw (mittee to the Senate and the American people; including )Tj T* 0.106 Tw (the power to: \(1\) investigate the administration of existing )Tj T* 0.152 Tw (laws, and obtain executive branch information in order to )Tj T* 0.204 Tw (consider new legislation, within the Committees jurisdic-)Tj T* 0.314 Tw (tion, including legislation related to the appointment of )Tj T* 0.09 Tw (U.S. Attorneys; \(2\) expose any corruption, inefficiency, and )Tj T* 0.066 Tw (waste within the executive branch; \(3\) protect the Commit-)Tj T* 0.178 Tw (tees role in evaluating nominations pursuant to the Sen-)Tj T* 0.386 Tw (ates constitutional responsibility to provide advice and )Tj T* 0.194 Tw (consent; and \(4\) examine whether inaccurate, incomplete, )Tj T* 0.082 Tw (or misleading testimony or other information was provided )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (to the Committee; )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.068 Tw (BE IT RESOLVED, that the President of the Senate cer-)Tj -1 -1 TD 0.376 Tw (tify the facts in connection with the failure of Joshua )Tj T* 0.202 Tw (Bolten, as the Custodian of Records at the White House, )Tj T* 0.266 Tw (though duly summoned, to appear and to produce docu-)Tj T* 0.072 Tw (ments lawfully subpoenaed to be produced before the Com-)Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00021)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6969)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 83 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 86 0 obj << /Length 4119 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (22 )Tj -13.344 -2 TD 0.136 Tw (mittee, under the seal of the United States Senate, to the )Tj 0 -0.99 TD 0.088 Tw (United States Attorney for the District of Columbia, to the )Tj T* 0.204 Tw (end that Joshua Bolten may be proceeded against in the )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (manner and form provided by law. )Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.4 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 281 603.9 m 331 603.9 l S BT 10 0 0 10 271 585.8 Tm 0 Tw (RESOLUTION )Tj /F4 1 Tf -9.4 -1.59 TD 0.36 Tw (Authorizing the President of the Senate to certify the )Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.076 Tw (facts of the failure of Karl Rove to appear and testify before )Tj T* 0.136 Tw (the Committee on the Judiciary and to produce documents )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (as required by Committee subpoena. )Tj /F1 1 Tf 1 -0.99 TD 0.312 Tw (WHEREAS, since the beginning of this Congress, the )Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.25 Tw (Senate Judiciary Committee has conducted an investiga-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (tion into the removal of United States Attorneys; )Tj 1 -0.99 TD (WHEREAS, the Committees requests for information re-)Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.244 Tw (lated to its investigation, including documents and testi-)Tj T* 0.178 Tw (mony from the White House and White House personnel, )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (were denied; )Tj 1 -0.99 TD 0.072 Tw (WHEREAS, the White House has not offered any accom-)Tj -1 -1 TD 0.1 Tw (modation or compromise to provide the requested informa-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (tion that is acceptable to the Committee; )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.15 Tw (WHEREAS, on March 22, 2007, pursuant to its author-)Tj -1 -1 TD 0.094 Tw (ity under Rule 26 of the Standing Rules of the Senate, the )Tj T* 0.112 Tw (Senate Committee on the Judiciary authorized issuance to )Tj T* 0.292 Tw (Karl Rove, Deputy Chief of Staff to the President, sub-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (poenas in connection with the Committees investigation; )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.122 Tw (WHEREAS, on June 28, 2007, in response to subpoenas )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.202 Tw (for documents issued by the Senate and House Judiciary )Tj T* 0.108 Tw (Committees, White House Counsel Fred Fielding conveyed )Tj T* 0.19 Tw (the Presidents claim of executive privilege over all infor-)Tj T* 0.156 Tw (mation in the custody and control of the White House re-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (lated to the Committees investigation; )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.4 Tw (WHEREAS, on June 29, 2007, the Chairmen of the )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.478 Tw (House and Senate Judiciary Committees provided the )Tj T* 0.1 Tw (White House with an opportunity to substantiate its privi-)Tj T* 0.15 Tw (lege claims by providing the Committees with the specific )Tj T* 0.236 Tw (factual and legal bases for its privilege claims regarding )Tj T* 0.058 Tw (each document withheld and a privilege log to demonstrate )Tj T* 0.232 Tw (to the Committees which documents, and which parts of )Tj T* 0.186 Tw (those documents, are covered by any privilege that is as-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (serted to apply and why; )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.21 Tw (WHEREAS, the White House declined this opportunity )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.134 Tw (in a July 9, 2007, letter to the Committee Chairmen from )Tj T* 0.63 Tw (Mr. Fielding, while reiterating the blanket privilege )Tj T* 0 Tw (claims; )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.282 Tw (WHEREAS, on July 26, 2007, the Chairman issued a )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.13 Tw (subpoena authorized March 22 to Mr. Rove for documents )Tj T* 0.342 Tw (and testimony related to the Committees investigation, )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (with a return date of August 2; )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.266 Tw (WHEREAS, the Chairman noticed an August 2, 2007, )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.084 Tw (Judiciary Committee hearing under its Rules at which Mr. )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (Rove was subpoenaed to testify; )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.08 Tw (WHEREAS, Mr. Fielding, in an August 1, 2007, letter to )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.248 Tw (the Chairman and Ranking Member, informed the Com-)Tj T* 0.194 Tw (mittee that the President would invoke a claim of execu-)Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00022)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6969)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 87 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F4 7 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 89 0 obj << /Length 4285 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (23 )Tj -13.344 -2 TD 0.146 Tw (tive privilege and a claim of immunity from congressional )Tj 0 -1.02 TD 0.38 Tw (testimony for Mr. Rove, and directed Mr. Rove not to )Tj T* 0.238 Tw (produce responsive documents or testify before the Com-)Tj T* 0.128 Tw (mittee about the firings, and that Mr. Rove would not ap-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (pear in response to the Committees subpoena; )Tj 1 -1.02 TD 0.12 Tw (WHEREAS, based on these claims of executive privilege )Tj -1 -1.02 TD 0.172 Tw (and absolute immunity, Mr. Rove refused to appear or to )Tj T* 0.082 Tw (produce documents or to testify at the Committees August )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (2, 2007, hearing in compliance with the subpoena; )Tj 1 -1.02 TD 0.252 Tw (WHEREAS, on August 17, 2007, Mr. Fielding rejected )Tj -1 -1.02 TD 0.202 Tw (the Chairmans request for a meeting with the President )Tj T* 0.148 Tw (to work out an accommodation for the information sought )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (by the Committee; )Tj 1 -1.02 TD 0.122 Tw (WHEREAS, on November 29, 2007, the Chairman ruled )Tj -1 -1.02 TD 0.23 Tw (that the White Houses claims of executive privilege and )Tj T* 0.44 Tw (immunity are not legally valid to excuse current and )Tj T* 0.174 Tw (former White House employees from appearing, testifying )Tj T* 0.114 Tw (and producing documents related to this investigation and )Tj T* 0.286 Tw (directed Mr. Rove, along with other current and former )Tj T* 0.224 Tw (White House employees, to comply immediately with the )Tj T* 0.12 Tw (Committees subpoenas by producing documents and testi-)Tj T* 0 Tw (fying; )Tj 1 -1.02 TD 0.22 Tw (WHEREAS, Mr. Rove has not complied with the Com-)Tj -1 -1.02 TD 0.146 Tw (mittees subpoenas or made any offer to cure his previous )Tj T* 0 Tw (noncompliance; )Tj 1 -1.02 TD 0.292 Tw (WHEREAS, the Committees investigation is pursuant )Tj -1 -1.02 TD 0.052 Tw (to the constitutional legislative, oversight and investigative )Tj T* 0.238 Tw (powers of Congress and the responsibilities of this Com-)Tj T* 0.216 Tw (mittee to the Senate and the American people; including )Tj 0 -1.01 TD 0.094 Tw (the power to: \(1\) Investigate the administration of existing )Tj T* 0.152 Tw (laws, and obtain executive branch information in order to )Tj T* 0.204 Tw (consider new legislation, within the Committees jurisdic-)Tj T* 0.314 Tw (tion, including legislation related to the appointment of )Tj T* 0.09 Tw (U.S. Attorneys; \(2\) expose any corruption, inefficiency, and )Tj T* 0.066 Tw (waste within the executive branch; \(3\) protect the Commit-)Tj T* 0.178 Tw (tees role in evaluating nominations pursuant to the Sen-)Tj T* 0.386 Tw (ates constitutional responsibility to provide advice and )Tj T* 0.194 Tw (consent; and \(4\) examine whether inaccurate, incomplete, )Tj T* 0.082 Tw (or misleading testimony or other information was provided )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (to the Committee; )Tj 1 -1.01 TD 0.068 Tw (BE IT RESOLVED, that the President of the Senate cer-)Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.178 Tw (tify the facts in connection with the failure of Karl Rove, )Tj T* 0.234 Tw (though duly summoned, to appear and testify before the )Tj T* 0.278 Tw (Judiciary Committee and to produce documents lawfully )Tj T* 0.256 Tw (subpoenaed to be produced before the Committee, under )Tj T* 0.124 Tw (the seal of the United States Senate, to the United States )Tj T* 0.092 Tw (Attorney for the District of Columbia, to the end that Karl )Tj T* 0.224 Tw (Rove may be proceeded against in the manner and form )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (provided by law. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 237.76 137.3 Tm 0 Tw (B)Tj 10 0 0 10 243.5359 137.3 Tm (. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 249.6158 137.3 Tm [(VOTE)-412.5(ON)-412.5(THE)-412.5(RESOLUTIONS)]TJ 10 0 0 10 374.1941 137.3 Tm ( )Tj -21.7194 -1.61 TD 0.256 Tw (The Senate Judiciary Committee considered the resolutions on )Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.178 Tw (December 13, 2007. After debate, the Committee agreed to report )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (the resolutions favorably to the Senate by the following vote: )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00023)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 90 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 92 0 obj << /Length 5605 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (24 )Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 147 137.8 m 197 137.8 l S BT 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 130.9972 Tm (17)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 129.1 Tm 0.26 Tw (President George W. Bush, Joint Media Availability with President Calderon of Mexico, )Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.0514 Tw (Merida, Mexico, March 14, 2007 \(emphasis added\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 116.9972 Tm 0 Tw (18)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 115.1 Tm 0.0657 Tw (See President George W. Bush, Press Conference Addressing the Resignations of U.S. Attor-)Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.1971 Tw (neys, March 20, 2007; President George W. Bush, Remarks with President Luiz Ignacio Lula )Tj T* 0.0514 Tw (De Silva of Brazil, Camp David, MD, March 31, 2007. )Tj 8 0 0 8 163 643 Tm 0.0525 Tw [(YEAS \(12\) )-15033.1(NAYS \(7\) )]TJ 10 0 0 10 147 630.7 Tm 0.052 Tw [(Biden \(Del.\) )-10281.1(Brownback \(Kan.\) )]TJ 0 -1.03 TD [(Cardin \(Md.\) )-9856.1(Coburn \(Okla.\) )]TJ T* [(Durbin \(Ill.\) )-10244.1(Cornyn \(Texas\) )]TJ T* [(Feingold \(Wis.\) )-8818.1(Graham \(S.C.\) )]TJ T* [(Feinstein \(Calif.\) )-7984.1(Hatch \(Utah\) )]TJ T* [(Grassley \(Iowa\) )-8577.1(Kyl \(Ariz.\) )]TJ T* [(Kennedy \(Mass.\) )-8059.1(Sessions \(Ala.\) )]TJ T* (Kohl \(Wis.\) )Tj T* (Leahy \(Vt.\) )Tj T* (Schumer \(N.Y.\) )Tj T* (Specter \(Pa.\) )Tj T* (Whitehouse \(R.I.\) )Tj 1.406 -1.83 TD (VII. 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To date, the President has not taken )Tj T* 0.082 Tw (responsibility for the firings, and his own statements regarding the )Tj T* 0.222 Tw (firings deflect responsibility to others for the decisions that were )Tj T* 0.274 Tw (made. Attorney General Alberto Gonzaless former chief of staff, )Tj T* 0.086 Tw (the former political director at the White House and Attorney Gen-)Tj T* 0.094 Tw (eral Gonzales himself testified under oath that they did not talk to )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (the President about these firings. )Tj 1 -1.03 TD 0.174 Tw (On March 14, 2007, addressing the growing controversy related )Tj -1 -1.03 TD 0.168 Tw (to the firings, President Bush stated that the Justice Department )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (made the decisions in the firings: )Tj 3 -1.43 TD 0.306 Tw (I do have confidence in Attorney General Gonzales. I )Tj -1 -1.03 TD 0.13 Tw (talked to him this morning, and we talked about his need )Tj T* 0.11 Tw (to go up to Capitol Hill and )Tj /F4 1 Tf 13.6058 0 TD (make it very clear to members )Tj -13.6058 -1.03 TD 0.144 Tw (in both political parties that the Justice Department made )Tj T* 0.214 Tw (the decisions it made, )Tj /F1 1 Tf 11.0198 0 TD (make it clear about the facts, and )Tj -11.0198 -1.03 TD 0.052 Tw (he is right, mistakes were made.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 319.9977 269.5093 Tm 0 Tw (17)Tj 10 0 0 10 328.6492 266.8 Tm ( )Tj -17.1649 -1.43 TD 0.15 Tw (President Bush echoed this statement in subsequent statements )Tj -1 -1.03 TD 0.102 Tw (on March 20, 2007, and March 31, 2007, continuing to point to the )Tj T* 0.144 Tw (need for Attorney General Gonzales to resolve the scandal by tell-)Tj T* 0.176 Tw (ing the truth.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 212.929 224.3093 Tm 0 Tw (18)Tj 10 0 0 10 226.1206 221.6 Tm 0.176 Tw (He did not take responsibility for the firings, nor )Tj -7.9121 -1.03 TD 0.134 Tw (did he express at any point that he had been advised about them. )Tj 1 -1.03 TD 0.136 Tw (Indeed, the sworn testimony of White House and Department of )Tj -1 -1.02 TD 0.138 Tw (Justice officials indicate that the President was not involved. Kyle )Tj T* 0.09 Tw (Sampson, former chief of staff to the Attorney General who aggre-)Tj T* 0.216 Tw (gated the lists of those U.S. Attorneys to be fired, testified that )Tj T* 0.208 Tw (the President was not present at a single meeting to discuss the )Tj T* 0.094 Tw (decision to remove the U.S. Attorneys, and no presidential decision )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00024)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 93 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F4 7 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 95 0 obj << /Length 7550 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (25 )Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 147 291.8 m 197 291.8 l S BT 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 284.9972 Tm (19)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 283.1 Tm 0.1914 Tw (Interview with D. Kyle Sampson, Former Chief of Staff to the Attorney General, Depart-)Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.0514 Tw (ment of Justice \(April 15, 2007\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 270.9972 Tm 0 Tw (20)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 269.1 Tm 0.1743 Tw (Testimony of Paul McNulty, Preserving Prosecutorial Independence: Is the Department of )Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.1 Tw (Justice Politicizing the Hiring and Firing of U.S. Attorneys?Part II, Senate Committee on the )Tj T* 0.0514 Tw (Judiciary, 110th Congress at 76 \(February 6, 2007\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 249.9972 Tm 0 Tw (21)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 248.1 Tm 0.1143 Tw (Testimony of Sara M. Taylor, Preserving Prosecutorial Independence: Is the Department of )Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.0743 Tw (Justice Politicizing the Hiring and Firing of U.S. Attorneys?Part VI, Senate Committee on the )Tj T* 0.0514 Tw (Judiciary, 110th Congress at 105106 \(July 11, 2007\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 228.9972 Tm 0 Tw (22)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 227.1 Tm 0.3686 Tw (Attorney General Alberto Gonzales, Press Conference on the Firing of U.S. Attorneys )Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.0514 Tw (\(March 13, 2007\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 214.9972 Tm 0 Tw (23)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 213.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (In re Sealed Case, 121 F.3d at 753. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 207.9972 Tm 0 Tw (24)Tj /F4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 161.196 206.1 Tm 0.0543 Tw (Senate Select Committee )Tj /F1 1 Tf 11.6981 0 TD 0 Tw (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.1473 0 TD (Nixon, )Tj /F1 1 Tf 3.3693 0 TD 0.0543 Tw (498 F.2d 725 \(D.C. Cir. 1974\) \(holding that tapes of Presi-)Tj -18.2427 -1 TD 0.1971 Tw (dential conversations that had already been released to another committee were protected by )Tj T* 0.0514 Tw (executive privilege\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 186.9972 Tm 0 Tw (25)Tj /F4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 161.196 185.1 Tm (Nixon )Tj /F1 1 Tf 3.0885 0 TD (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.1444 0 TD 0.0514 Tw (United States, )Tj /F1 1 Tf 6.936 0 TD (418 U.S. 683 \(1974\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 179.9972 Tm 0 Tw (26)Tj /F4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 161.196 178.1 Tm (Nixon )Tj /F1 1 Tf 3.0885 0 TD (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.1444 0 TD 0.0514 Tw (Administrator of General Services, )Tj /F1 1 Tf 16.387 0 TD (433 U.S. 425 \(1977\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 172.9972 Tm 0 Tw (27)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 171.1 Tm 0.1571 Tw (In re Sealed Case \(Espy\), 121 F.3d 729, 752 \(D.C. Cir. 1997\) \(the D.C. Circuit case which )Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.1543 Tw (recently defined the scope of executive privilege involved a grand jury subpoena and expressly )Tj T* 0.0886 Tw (excluded congressional subpoenas from this extension of the privilege claim, recognizing the dif-)Tj T* 0.0629 Tw (ferent balance that would govern: Our determination of how far down into the executive branch )Tj T* 0.1371 Tw [(the presidential communications privilege goes is limited to the context before us, .)-554.3(.)-554.3(.)0( and we )]TJ T* 0.1914 Tw (take no position on how the institutional needs of Congress and the President should be bal-)Tj T* 0.14 Tw (anced. Even in that case, the scope of privilege was limited to aides within operational prox-)Tj T* 0.1771 Tw (imity of the President who were members of an immediate White House advisers staff who )Tj T* 0.28 Tw (have broad and significant responsibility for investigating and formulating the advice to be )Tj T* 0.0943 Tw (given the President on the particular matter to which the communications relate but not staff )Tj T* 0.0514 Tw (outside the White House in executive branch agencies\). )Tj 10 0 0 10 147 641 Tm 0.208 Tw (document endorsing the replacement plan existed.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 390.3664 643.7094 Tm 0 Tw (19)Tj 10 0 0 10 403.878 641 Tm 0.208 Tw (Former Dep-)Tj -25.6878 -1.03 TD 0.27 Tw (uty Attorney General Paul McNulty, on whose recommendations )Tj T* 0.106 Tw (and advice Attorney General Gonzales said he relied, testified that )Tj T* 0.148 Tw (he was not aware of the President being consulted in regards to )Tj T* 0.146 Tw (the U.S. Attorney firings.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 268.6082 602.5093 Tm 0 Tw (20)Tj 10 0 0 10 281.4997 599.8 Tm 0.146 Tw (Ms. Taylor, former White House polit-)Tj -13.45 -1.02 TD 0.116 Tw (ical director, testified that to her knowledge the President was not )Tj T* 0.34 Tw (involved with any U.S. Attorney removal decisions.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 403.9064 582.1094 Tm 0 Tw (21)Tj 10 0 0 10 418.7379 579.4 Tm 0.34 Tw (And in a )Tj -27.1738 -1.02 TD 0.162 Tw (statement on March 13, the Attorney General stated that he took )Tj T* 0.242 Tw (responsibility for the firings,)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 286.298 561.7094 Tm 0 Tw (22)Tj 10 0 0 10 300.1495 559 Tm 0.242 Tw (later testifying to the same effect )Tj -15.3149 -1.02 TD 0.052 Tw (before the Committee. )Tj 1 -1.02 TD 0.082 Tw (Courts analyzing executive privilege claims have made clear that )Tj -1 -1.02 TD 0.162 Tw (the purpose of the privilege is to protect the Presidents ability to )Tj T* 0.22 Tw (receive candid advice. According to the leading case on executive )Tj T* 0.282 Tw (privilege from the D.C. Circuit, the presidential communications )Tj T* 0.288 Tw (privilege applies to communications intimately connected to his )Tj T* 0.186 Tw (presidential decision-making.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 291.2978 490.3094 Tm 0 Tw (23)Tj 10 0 0 10 304.5894 487.6 Tm 0.186 Tw (Where, as here, the President by )Tj -15.7589 -1.02 TD 0.094 Tw (all accounts, including his own, was not involved, there are serious )Tj T* 0.196 Tw (questions whether information sought by the Committee could be )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (withheld based on a claim of executive privilege. )Tj 1 -1.02 TD 0.22 Tw (The court decisions reviewing executive privilege claims do not )Tj -1 -1.02 TD 0.226 Tw (support such a broad scope for executive privilege claims beyond )Tj T* 0.432 Tw (communications directly involving the President. Senate Select )Tj T* 0.086 Tw (Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities v. Nixon case dealt )Tj T* 0.214 Tw (solely with tapes of presidential conversations.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 373.6467 408.7094 Tm 0 Tw (24)Tj 10 0 0 10 387.2182 406 Tm 0.214 Tw (Nixon v. United )Tj -24.0218 -1.02 TD 0 Tw (States)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 177.9495 398.5094 Tm (25)Tj 10 0 0 10 192.7011 395.8 Tm 0.332 Tw (and Nixon v. Administrator of General Services,)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 435.2277 398.5094 Tm 0 Tw (26)Tj 10 0 0 10 449.9792 395.8 Tm (the )Tj -30.2979 -1.02 TD 0.244 Tw (leading Supreme Court cases on the issue of executive privilege, )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (consider similarly limited assertions of privilege.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 374.9866 378.1093 Tm 0 Tw (27)Tj 10 0 0 10 383.6381 375.4 Tm ( )Tj -22.6638 -1.02 TD 0.158 Tw (The administration seeks to have it both ways by claiming that )Tj -1 -1.02 TD 0.076 Tw (the President was not involved in the removal decisions, but simul-)Tj T* 0.146 Tw (taneously that executive privilege, premised on the need to secure )Tj T* 0.164 Tw (candid advice for the President, should apply. If the White House )Tj T* 0.122 Tw (wishes to assert executive privilege, it should describe the involve-)Tj T* 0.128 Tw (ment the President had in the decision making process. It has not )Tj T* 0.202 Tw (done so and the evidence is that the President was not involved. )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00025)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 96 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F4 7 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 98 0 obj << /Length 6990 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (26 )Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 147 228.8 m 197 228.8 l S BT 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 221.9972 Tm (28)Tj /F4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 161.196 220.1 Tm (Smith )Tj /F1 1 Tf 3.2443 0 TD (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.2073 0 TD (F.T.C., )Tj /F1 1 Tf 3.5783 0 TD 0.1143 Tw (403 F. Supp. 1000, 1016 \(D. Del. 1975\). See also, )Tj /F4 1 Tf 23.7663 0 TD 0 Tw (Black )Tj /F1 1 Tf 3.0213 0 TD (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.2073 0 TD 0.1143 Tw (Sheraton Corp., )Tj /F1 1 Tf -38.0529 -1 TD 0.1514 Tw (371 F. Supp. 97 \(D.D.C. 1974\) \(An improperly asserted claim of privilege is no claim of privi-)Tj T* 0 Tw (lege\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 200.9972 Tm (29)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 199.1 Tm 0.0971 Tw (In re: Sealed Case \(Espy\) at 745 \(If a court believes that an adequate showing of need has )Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.2029 Tw (been demonstrated, it should proceed then to review the documents in camera to excise non- )Tj T* 0.0829 Tw (relevant material. Further, the President should be given the opportunity to raise more particu-)Tj T* 0.0514 Tw [(larized claims of privilege .)-554.3(.)-554.3(.\). )]TJ 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 172.9972 Tm 0 Tw (30)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 171.1 Tm 0.1429 Tw (368 F. Supp. 863, 87273 \(D.D.C. 1973\). See also )Tj /F4 1 Tf 24.0941 0 TD 0 Tw (U.S. )Tj /F1 1 Tf 2.4589 0 TD (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.2359 0 TD (Reynolds, )Tj /F1 1 Tf 4.8829 0 TD 0.1429 Tw (345 U.S. 1, 78 \(1953\) )Tj -34.6998 -1 TD 0.18 Tw (\(There must be a formal claim of privilege, lodged by the head of the department which has )Tj T* 0.0514 Tw (control over the matter, after actual personal consideration by that officer\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 151.9972 Tm 0 Tw (31)Tj /F4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 161.196 150.1 Tm 0.1286 Tw (Senate Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities )Tj /F1 1 Tf 29.3205 0 TD 0 Tw (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.2216 0 TD (Nixon, )Tj /F1 1 Tf 3.4436 0 TD 0.1286 Tw (498 F.2d, 725, 726 )Tj -36.0137 -1 TD 0.0514 Tw (729 \(D.C. Cir. 1974\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 137.9972 Tm 0 Tw (32)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 136.1 Tm 0.1371 Tw (In re Sealed Case \(Espy\) at 744, note 16 \(We need not decide whether the privilege must )Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.1971 Tw (be invoked by the President personally, since the record indicates that President Clinton has )Tj T* 0.08 Tw (done so here; in his affidavit former White House Counsel Abner J. Mikva stated the President )Tj T* 0.1971 Tw [(.)-554.3(.)-554.3(.)0( has specifically directed me to invoke formally the applicable privileges over those docu-)]TJ T* 0 Tw (ments\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 102.9972 Tm (33)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 101.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (Smith at 1016 \(quoting Black at 101\). )Tj 10 0 0 10 147 641 Tm 0.234 Tw (Accordingly, there is no justification for claiming executive privi-)Tj T* 0 Tw (lege. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 164.14 615 Tm (B)Tj 10 0 0 10 169.9159 615 Tm (. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 175.9958 615 Tm [(THE)-412.5(WHITE)-412.5(HOUSE)]TJ 10 0 0 10 259.4747 615 Tm ()Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 261.5146 615 Tm [(S)-412.5(ASSERTION)-412.5(OF)-412.5(EXECUTIVE)-412.5(PRIVILEGE)-412.5(IS)]TJ 10 0 0 10 447.7881 615 Tm ( )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 263.6 605 Tm (UNSUBSTANTIATED)Tj 10 0 0 10 348.3507 605 Tm ( )Tj -19.1351 -1.6 TD 0.056 Tw (The President has not met his burden of properly claiming execu-)Tj -1 -1 TD 0.094 Tw (tive privilege, including a particularized showing of why he is enti-)Tj T* 0.098 Tw (tled to the privilege from disclosing the information subpoenaed by )Tj T* 0.334 Tw (the Committee. As with any privilege the burden is upon the )Tj T* 0.074 Tw (claimant of executive privilege to demonstrate a proper entitlement )Tj T* 0.066 Tw (to exemption from disclosure.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 290.8478 541.7093 Tm 0 Tw (28)Tj 10 0 0 10 302.9394 538.9999 Tm 0.066 Tw (The White Houses generalized as-)Tj -15.5939 -1 TD 0.076 Tw (sertion of blanket privilege fails to meet the Presidents burden, es-)Tj T* 0.204 Tw (pecially where, as here, the Committee has set forth its need for )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (the materials and evidence showing White House involvement.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 441.5856 511.7093 Tm 0 Tw (29)Tj 10 0 0 10 450.2371 508.9999 Tm ( )Tj -29.3237 -1 TD 0.064 Tw (In Center on Corporate Responsibility v. Shultz, the D.C. District )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.248 Tw (Court held that the invocation of executive privilege by a White )Tj T* 0.166 Tw (House counsel is wholly insufficient to activate a formal claim of )Tj T* 0.206 Tw (executive privilege, and that such a claim must be made by the )Tj T* 0.128 Tw (President, as head of the agency, the White House.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 406.1762 461.7093 Tm 0 Tw (30)Tj 10 0 0 10 418.8878 458.9999 Tm 0.128 Tw (In Senate )Tj -27.1888 -1 TD 0.052 Tw (Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities v. Nixon, the )Tj T* 0.24 Tw (claim was asserted in a letter to the Committee from the Presi-)Tj T* 0 Tw (dent.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 170.5196 431.7093 Tm (31)Tj 10 0 0 10 184.1311 428.9999 Tm 0.218 Tw (More recently, when the D.C. Circuit determined that an )Tj -3.7131 -1 TD 0.348 Tw (assertion of executive privilege by White House Counsel Abner )Tj T* 0.166 Tw (Mikva was an acceptable proxy for an assertion by the President, )Tj T* 0.13 Tw (it did so because Mr. Mikva in a sworn affidavit asserted that the )Tj T* 0.156 Tw (President personally invoked the privilege.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 351.587 391.7093 Tm 0 Tw (32)Tj 10 0 0 10 364.5785 389 Tm 0.156 Tw (Mr. Fieldings letters )Tj -21.7579 -1 TD 0.052 Tw (do not meet this standard. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.21 Tw (In addition, Mr. Fieldings claim on the Presidents behalf fails )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.218 Tw (to make a specific designation and description of the documents )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (claimed to be privileged as required by the courts.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 385.8164 351.7093 Tm 0 Tw (33)Tj 10 0 0 10 394.468 348.9999 Tm ( )Tj -23.7468 -1 TD 0.208 Tw (After the White House counsel made a blanket privilege asser-)Tj -1 -1 TD 0.07 Tw (tion on behalf of the President in response to this Committees sub-)Tj T* 0.206 Tw (poenas and subpoenas issued by the House Judiciary Committee, )Tj T* 0.064 Tw (the Committees offered the White House the opportunity to provide )Tj T* 0.108 Tw (the factual and legal basis for its blanket privilege assertion. A se-)Tj T* 0.148 Tw (rious assertion of privilege would include an effort to demonstrate )Tj T* 0.098 Tw (to the Committees which documents, and which parts of those doc-)Tj T* 0.076 Tw (uments, are covered by any privilege that is asserted and why. The )Tj T* 0.254 Tw (White House ignored these opportunities. The White Houses re-)Tj T* 0.228 Tw (fusal to provide a listing of those documents on which it asserts )Tj T* 0.15 Tw (privilege and a specific factual and legal basis for the assertion of )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00026)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 99 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F4 7 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 101 0 obj << /Length 6859 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (27 )Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 147 186.8 m 197 186.8 l S BT 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 179.9972 Tm (34)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 178.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (In re Sealed Case \(Espy\), 121 F.3d at 745. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 172.9972 Tm 0 Tw (35)Tj /F4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 161.196 171.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (United States )Tj /F1 1 Tf 6.658 0 TD 0 Tw (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.1444 0 TD (Nixon, )Tj /F1 1 Tf 3.3665 0 TD 0.0514 Tw (418 U.S. 683, 706 \(1974\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 165.9972 Tm 0 Tw (36)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 164.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (Senate Select Committee at 729. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 158.9972 Tm 0 Tw (37)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 157.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (Smith at 1016 \(quoting Sheraton at 101\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 151.9972 Tm 0 Tw (38)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 150.1 Tm 0.1057 Tw (Smith at 1016 \(a close reading of cases where claims of executive privilege were raised in-)Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.0514 Tw (dicates that the necessary facts have generally been required to be raised by affidavit\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 137.9972 Tm 0 Tw (39)Tj /F4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 161.196 136.1 Tm (Black )Tj /F1 1 Tf 2.9585 0 TD (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.1444 0 TD 0.0514 Tw (Sheraton Corp., )Tj /F1 1 Tf 7.658 0 TD (371 F.Supp. 97, 101 \(D.D.C. 1974\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 130.9972 Tm 0 Tw (40)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 129.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (Smith at 1017. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 123.9972 Tm 0 Tw (41)Tj /F4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 161.196 122.1 Tm 0.3171 Tw (Committee on the Judiciary, U.S. House of Representatives )Tj /F1 1 Tf 29.8106 0 TD 0 Tw (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.4102 0 TD (Miers, )Tj /F1 1 Tf 3.4822 0 TD 0.3171 Tw (558 F.Supp.2d 53 )Tj -36.731 -1 TD 0.2829 Tw (\(D.D.C., 2008\), order stayed by )Tj /F4 1 Tf 15.9365 0 TD (Committee on Judiciary of U.S. House of Representatives )Tj /F1 1 Tf 28.6843 0 TD 0 Tw (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf -44.6209 -1 TD (Miers, )Tj /F1 1 Tf 3.2165 0 TD 0.0514 Tw (542 F.3d 909 \(D.C.Cir. 2008\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 102.9972 Tm 0 Tw (42)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 101.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (Id. at 106. )Tj 10 0 0 10 147 641 Tm 0.164 Tw (executive privilege undermines the validity of any privilege asser-)Tj 0 -1.01 TD 0 Tw (tion. )Tj 1 -1.01 TD 0.202 Tw (Executive privilege, even where properly asserted, is qualified, )Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.174 Tw (not absolute)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 211.179 613.4094 Tm 0 Tw (34)Tj 10 0 0 10 224.3506 610.7 Tm 0.174 Tw (and neither the doctrine of separation of powers, )Tj -7.7351 -1.01 TD 0.088 Tw (nor the need for confidentiality of high-level communications, with-)Tj T* 0.206 Tw (out more, can sustain an absolute, unqualified Presidential privi-)Tj T* 0 Tw (lege.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 174.0596 583.1094 Tm (35)Tj 10 0 0 10 187.6711 580.4001 Tm 0.218 Tw (The White House has fallen well short of providing ade-)Tj -4.0671 -1.01 TD 0.472 Tw (quate support for its claims. In reviewing executive privilege )Tj T* 0.184 Tw (claims, courts have required that the President make particular-)Tj T* 0.094 Tw (ized showings in justification of his claims of privilege)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 409.3661 552.8094 Tm 0 Tw (36)Tj 10 0 0 10 421.7376 550.1001 Tm 0.094 Tw (and have )Tj -27.4738 -1.01 TD 0.168 Tw (found that that a privilege log is necessary in order that a court )Tj T* 0.118 Tw (be able to make a knowledgeable decision as to whether any docu-)Tj T* 0.206 Tw (ment or portion thereof actually contains advisory or deliberative )Tj T* 0.356 Tw (materials. The unilateral assertion of privilege by a President )Tj T* 0.088 Tw (must be subject to review by the Committee and courts. The White )Tj T* 0.186 Tw (Houses refusal to provide the factual basis for its claims renders )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (them unfounded. )Tj 1 -1.01 TD 0.094 Tw (The complete lack of particularity of the White House claims, in-)Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.166 Tw (cluding the lack of a privilege log or any specific factual basis for )Tj T* 0.056 Tw (the privilege claims is especially troubling where, as here, there ap-)Tj T* 0.232 Tw (pears not to be any involvement by the President. In presenting )Tj 0 -1 TD 0.072 Tw (only a claim predicated on the generalized need for candid dialogue )Tj T* 0.232 Tw (between the President and his aides, the President has failed to )Tj T* 0.062 Tw (meet the burden of making a demonstration of precise and certain )Tj T* 0.068 Tw (reasons for preserving the confidentiality of the governmental com-)Tj T* 0 Tw (munications.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 212.579 391.7095 Tm (37)Tj 10 0 0 10 225.5305 389.0002 Tm 0.152 Tw (There are not even demonstrated communications )Tj -7.8531 -1 TD 0.254 Tw (with the President. Courts have cited with approval the general )Tj T* 0.188 Tw (practice of providing a sworn affidavit raising the necessary facts )Tj T* 0.326 Tw (underlying the claim.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 252.5985 361.7095 Tm 0 Tw (38)Tj 10 0 0 10 267.29 359.0001 Tm 0.326 Tw (Courts have rejected executive privilege )Tj -12.029 -1 TD 0.184 Tw (claims, where, as here, they are broad and inadequately substan-)Tj T* 0.14 Tw (tiated. In one case, the D.C. District Court held that to recognize )Tj T* 0.096 Tw (such a broad claim in which the Defendant has given no precise or )Tj T* 0.264 Tw (compelling reasons to shield these documents from outside scru-)Tj T* 0.064 Tw (tiny, would make a farce of the whole procedure.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 381.9665 311.7094 Tm 0 Tw (39)Tj 10 0 0 10 394.038 309.0001 Tm 0.064 Tw (In another, the )Tj -24.7038 -1 TD 0.294 Tw (Court found serious deficiencies in an agencys privilege claim )Tj T* 0.248 Tw (even where the agency provided detailed information about each )Tj T* 0.064 Tw (specific document subject to the claim because little or no informa-)Tj T* 0.172 Tw (tion is provided as to the actual content of various documents.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 456.2756 271.7094 Tm 0 Tw (40)Tj 10 0 0 10 464.9271 269.0001 Tm ( )Tj -30.7927 -1 TD 0.27 Tw (As discussed more fully in the following pages, in a civil suit )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.064 Tw (stemming from the House Judiciary Committees parallel investiga-)Tj T* 0.192 Tw (tion, the District Court for the District of Columbia undercut the )Tj T* 0.092 Tw (White Houses blanket claims of privilege without substantiation.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 456.2654 231.7094 Tm 0 Tw (41)Tj 10 0 0 10 464.9169 229.0001 Tm ( )Tj -31.7917 -1 TD 0.31 Tw (In his July 31, 2008, opinion, Judge John D. Bates wrote that )Tj T* 0.066 Tw (clear precedent and persuasive policy reasons confirm that the Ex-)Tj T* 0.158 Tw (ecutive cannot be the judge of its own privilege)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 381.7066 201.7094 Tm 0 Tw (42)Tj 10 0 0 10 394.7181 199.0001 Tm 0.158 Tw (and that both )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00027)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 102 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F4 7 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 104 0 obj << /Length 6252 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (28 )Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 147 151.8 m 197 151.8 l S BT 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 144.9972 Tm (43)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 143.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (Id. at 107. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 137.9972 Tm 0 Tw (44)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 136.1 Tm 0.1543 Tw (Letter from Paul D. Clement, Solicitor General and Acting Attorney General, to President )Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.0514 Tw (Bush \(June 27, 2007\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 123.9972 Tm 0 Tw (45)Tj /F4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 161.196 122.1 Tm 0.1886 Tw (United States )Tj /F1 1 Tf 6.9323 0 TD 0 Tw (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.2816 0 TD (Nixon)Tj /F1 1 Tf 2.759 0 TD 0.1886 Tw (, 418 U.S. 683, 706707 \(1974\) \(holding that the executive was re-)Tj -13.0009 -1 TD 0.1571 Tw (quired to produce tapes of his oval office conversations in response to a grand jury subpoena\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 109.9972 Tm 0 Tw (46)Tj /F4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 161.196 108.1 Tm (Nixon )Tj /F1 1 Tf 3.0885 0 TD (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.1444 0 TD (Sirica)Tj /F1 1 Tf 2.7951 0 TD 0.0514 Tw (, 487 F.2d 700, 716 \(D.C. Cir. 1973\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 102.9972 Tm 0 Tw (47)Tj /F4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 161.196 101.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (United States )Tj /F1 1 Tf 6.658 0 TD 0 Tw (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.1444 0 TD (Nixon )Tj /F1 1 Tf 3.0885 0 TD 0.0514 Tw (at 706. )Tj 10 0 0 10 147 641 Tm 0.068 Tw (the Court and the parties will need some way to evaluate the privi-)Tj 0 -0.99 TD 0.054 Tw (lege assertions going forward.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 292.3478 633.8093 Tm 0 Tw (43)Tj 10 0 0 10 304.3193 631.1 Tm 0.054 Tw (Judge Bates opinion validates the )Tj -15.7319 -0.99 TD 0.18 Tw (Committees requests for over a year for the White House to pro-)Tj T* 0.192 Tw (vide the specific legal and factual basis for its claims of privilege )Tj T* 0.248 Tw (so that the Committee can probe the basis for those claims and )Tj T* 0.102 Tw (their validity rather than rely on the say-so of the Presidents law-)Tj T* 0 Tw (yers. )Tj 1 -0.99 TD 0.074 Tw (The White Houses assertion of privilege over information related )Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.262 Tw (to the dismissal and replacement of U.S. Attorneys, and the re-)Tj T* 0.066 Tw (sponse to congressional and media inquiries about them, extends to )Tj T* 0.156 Tw (documents and testimony including internal White House commu-)Tj T* 0.208 Tw (nications, communications between the White House and the De-)Tj T* 0.132 Tw (partment of Justice, and even communications between officials at )Tj T* 0.136 Tw (the White House and third-party individuals outside the executive )Tj T* 0 Tw (branch.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 181.9995 505.1093 Tm (44)Tj 10 0 0 10 195.311 502.4 Tm 0.188 Tw (The White Houses privilege claim is irrespective of the )Tj -4.8311 -0.99 TD 0.062 Tw (purpose of the communications. Were it successful, this effort to ex-)Tj T* 0.092 Tw (tend the scope of the privilege taken in conjunction with the White )Tj T* 0.14 Tw (Houses failure to make the particularized showing needed to sup-)Tj T* 0.206 Tw (port its claim would amount to an unprecedented and unchecked )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (extension of executive privilege to include any information. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 169.96 437 Tm 0 Tw (C)Tj 10 0 0 10 175.7359 437 Tm (. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 181.8158 437 Tm (CONGRESS)Tj 10 0 0 10 228.1911 437 Tm ( )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 233.531 437 Tm [(NEED)-412.5(FOR)-412.5(THE)-412.5(INFORMATION)-412.5(OUTWEIGHS)-412.5(ANY)]TJ 10 0 0 10 442.0281 437 Tm ( )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 267.22 427.1 Tm [(PRIVILEGE)-412.5(CLAIM)]TJ 10 0 0 10 344.7269 427.1 Tm ( )Tj -18.7727 -1.59 TD 0.168 Tw (Presidential communications privilege is not absolute,)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 415.9861 413.9094 Tm 0 Tw (45)Tj 10 0 0 10 429.0977 411.2 Tm 0.168 Tw (and de-)Tj -28.2098 -0.99 TD 0.094 Tw (termining whether it prevails depends on a weighing of the public )Tj T* 0.108 Tw (interest protected by the privilege against the public interests that )Tj T* 0.116 Tw (would be served by disclosure in a particular case.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 393.7264 384.2094 Tm 0 Tw (46)Tj 10 0 0 10 406.3179 381.5 Tm 0.116 Tw (According to )Tj -25.9318 -0.99 TD 0.132 Tw (the Supreme Court in Nixon v. United States, when the privilege )Tj T* 0.116 Tw (depends solely on the broad, undifferentiated claim of public inter-)Tj T* 0.344 Tw (est in the confidentiality of such conversations, a confrontation )Tj T* 0.146 Tw (with other values arises.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 270.8582 344.6093 Tm 0 Tw (47)Tj 10 0 0 10 283.7497 341.9 Tm 0.146 Tw (The White Houses privilege assertion )Tj -13.675 -0.99 TD 0.118 Tw (ignores the legitimate constitutional responsibilities of Congress in )Tj T* 0.2 Tw (this matter. The constitutional legislative, investigative and over-)Tj T* 0.168 Tw (sight functions of Congress must be balanced against, and in this )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (instance outweigh, the claim of executive privilege. )Tj 1 -0.99 TD 0.29 Tw (The constitutional functions of Congress include its legislative )Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.164 Tw (functions, including the review and passage of laws regarding the )Tj 0 -1 TD 0.11 Tw (appointment of U.S. Attorneys and the filling of vacancies in those )Tj T* 0.134 Tw (offices; its oversight functions and examination of the truthfulness )Tj T* 0.244 Tw (of congressional testimony; the Senates role in confirming presi-)Tj T* 0.226 Tw (dential nominations; and the need to investigate possible corrup-)Tj T* 0.256 Tw (tion. The need to investigate possible corruption, maladministra-)Tj T* 0.202 Tw (tion and the failure to execute faithfully the laws weighs heavily )Tj T* 0.196 Tw (in this balance. Here, the compelling needs of Congress outweigh )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (the White Houses generalized privilege assertion. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.118 Tw (The constitutional powers of Congress and the responsibilities of )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.206 Tw (this Committee to the Senate and the American people overcome )Tj T* 0.166 Tw (the White Houses unsubstantiated privilege claims. The Supreme )Tj T* 0.164 Tw (Court has long recognized that Congress has broad power to in-)Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00028)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 105 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F4 7 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 107 0 obj << /Length 6507 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (29 )Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 147 186.8 m 197 186.8 l S BT 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 179.9972 Tm (48)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 178.1 Tm (See )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.9595 0 TD (Watkins )Tj /F1 1 Tf 4.1255 0 TD (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.1444 0 TD 0.0514 Tw (United States)Tj /F1 1 Tf 6.3285 0 TD (, 354 U.S. 178, 187 \(1957\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 172.9972 Tm 0 Tw (49)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 171.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (See, e.g., )Tj /F4 1 Tf 4.4379 0 TD 0 Tw (McGrain )Tj /F1 1 Tf 4.4575 0 TD (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.1444 0 TD (Daugherty)Tj /F1 1 Tf 4.8511 0 TD 0.0514 Tw (, 273 U.S. 135, 174 \(1927\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 165.9972 Tm 0 Tw (50)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 164.1 Tm 0.18 Tw [(See 28 U.S.C. 546 \(1966\), amended by Pub. L. No. 109177, Title V, )-162.9(502, 120 Stat. 546 )]TJ -2.028 -1 TD 0.0514 Tw [(\(Mar. 9, 2006\); amended by Pub. L. No. 11034, )-162.9(2, 121 Stat. 224 \(June 14, 2007\). )]TJ 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 151.9972 Tm 0 Tw (51)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 150.1 Tm 0.0686 Tw (In re: Sealed Case \(Espy\) at 754 \(The Acting Attorney Generals letter to the President cites )Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.0571 Tw (the standard from an older D.C. Circuit case, )Tj /F4 1 Tf 21.5515 0 TD (Senate Select Committee on Presidential Campaign )Tj -21.5515 -1 TD 0 Tw (Activities )Tj /F1 1 Tf 4.7189 0 TD (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.2759 0 TD (Nixon)Tj /F1 1 Tf 2.7591 0 TD 0.1829 Tw (, that has been superseded by Espythat a Congressional Committee must )Tj -8.7539 -1 TD 0.08 Tw (establish that the materials it seeks are demonstrably critical to the fulfillment of the Commit-)Tj T* 0.0714 Tw (tees functions. Senate Select Comm. at 731. There is no question the Committees need for this )Tj T* 0.1 Tw (information meets either standard. Here, unlike in Senate Select, the documents and testimony )Tj T* 0.0857 Tw (sought by the Committee contain information that remains under White House control and crit-)Tj T* 0.0514 Tw (ical to the investigation\). )Tj 10 0 0 10 147 641 Tm 0.158 Tw (vestigate the administration of existing laws and to expose cor-)Tj 0 -1.03 TD 0.268 Tw (ruption, inefficiency, [and] waste within the executive branch.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 456.3256 633.4093 Tm 0 Tw (48)Tj 10 0 0 10 464.9771 630.7 Tm ( )Tj -31.7977 -1.03 TD 0.072 Tw (The Committee has the responsibility to conduct investigations and )Tj T* 0.086 Tw (obtain executive branch information in order to consider legislation )Tj T* 0.336 Tw (within its jurisdiction,)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 256.6884 602.5093 Tm 0 Tw (49)Tj 10 0 0 10 271.4799 599.8 Tm 0.336 Tw (including legislation related to the ap-)Tj -12.448 -1.03 TD 0.192 Tw (pointment of U.S. Attorneys, and to protect its role in evaluating )Tj T* 0.194 Tw (nominations pursuant to the Senates constitutional responsibility )Tj T* 0.13 Tw (to provide advice and consent. Indeed, it was in light of this juris-)Tj T* 0.084 Tw (diction, the confirmation power vested in the Senate, and the juris-)Tj T* 0.086 Tw (diction of this Committee over the review of U.S. Attorney nomina-)Tj T* 0.122 Tw (tions, that Senator Specter, the Committees Ranking Member, ob-)Tj T* 0.098 Tw (served early on that the Committee has primary responsibility to )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (investigate this matter. )Tj 1 -1.03 TD 0.18 Tw (This investigation offers a clear example of the relationship be-)Tj -1 -1.03 TD 0.222 Tw (tween the Committees compelling oversight and investigative in-)Tj T* 0.236 Tw (terests and the need for the Committee to obtain information in )Tj T* 0.334 Tw (order to legislate. Since this investigation began and the Com-)Tj 0 -1.02 TD 0.074 Tw (mittee began uncovering abuses in the appointment of interim U.S. )Tj T* 0.156 Tw (Attorneys, Congress has already legislated once to rescind the At-)Tj T* 0.39 Tw (torney Generals power to appoint interim U.S. Attorneys who )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (could serve indefinitely without the Congressional approval.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 428.4658 438.1093 Tm 0 Tw (50)Tj 10 0 0 10 437.1173 435.4 Tm ( )Tj -28.0117 -1.02 TD 0.158 Tw (The Committee has met the standard provided by the D.C. Cir-)Tj -1 -1.02 TD (cuit for establishing that its need for the materials overcomes the )Tj T* 0.17 Tw (privilege claim. According to the Espy court, [a] party seeking to )Tj T* 0.136 Tw (overcome a claim of presidential privilege must demonstrate: first, )Tj T* 0.254 Tw (that each discrete group of the subpoenaed materials likely con-)Tj T* 0.326 Tw (tains important evidence; and second, that this evidence is not )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (available with due diligence elsewhere.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 335.7972 366.7093 Tm 0 Tw (51)Tj 10 0 0 10 344.4487 363.9999 Tm ( )Tj -18.7449 -1.02 TD 0.086 Tw (The Committee has pursued this matter diligently. Based on evi-)Tj -1 -1.02 TD 0.252 Tw (dence, information, testimony and interviews, the Committee be-)Tj T* 0.36 Tw (lieves that White House officials are involved. Still, the White )Tj T* 0.166 Tw (House refuses to provide a single witness or document. The docu-)Tj T* 0.14 Tw (ments and testimony that have been subpoenaed will provide crit-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (ical evidence. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 154.7 286.5999 Tm 0 Tw (D)Tj 10 0 0 10 160.9239 286.5999 Tm (. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 167.0038 286.5999 Tm [(EVIDENCE)-412.5(OF)-412.5(INVOLVEMENT)-412.5(OF)-412.5(WHITE)-412.5(HOUSE)-412.5(OFFICIALS)-412.5(IN)-412.5(THE)]TJ 10 0 0 10 457.2398 286.5999 Tm ( )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 152.76 276.3999 Tm [(FIRINGS)-412.5(DEMONSTRATES)-412.5(COMMITTEE)]TJ 10 0 0 10 317.7256 276.3999 Tm ()Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 319.7655 276.3999 Tm [(S)-412.5(NEED)-412.5(FOR)-412.5(THE)-412.5(INFORMATION)]TJ 10 0 0 10 459.1877 276.3999 Tm ( )Tj -30.2188 -1.62 TD 0.534 Tw (In contrast to the White Houses improperly asserted and )Tj -1 -1.02 TD 0.098 Tw (unparticularized privilege claims, the Committees need for this in-)Tj T* 0.286 Tw (formation, including the specific information of White House in-)Tj T* 0.094 Tw (volvement and possible misconduct, has been well-established. Evi-)Tj T* 0.12 Tw (dence gathered by the investigating Committees of the Senate and )Tj T* 0.088 Tw (House shows that White House officials played a significant role in )Tj T* 0.248 Tw (originating, developing, coordinating and implementing these un-)Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00029)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 108 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F4 7 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 110 0 obj << /Length 6164 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (30 )Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 147 228.8 m 197 228.8 l S BT 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 221.9972 Tm (52)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 220.1 Tm 0.0914 Tw (The minority views filed by Senators Kyl, Sessions, Brownback and Coburn repeat partisan )Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.0514 Tw (talking points from the last election equating voter registration fraud with in-person voter fraud. )Tj T* 0.1371 Tw (Only the latter threatens to affect the outcome of an election. As both this Committee and the )Tj T* 0.1057 Tw (Senate Rules Committee have demonstrated in numerous hearings, the myth of in-person voter )Tj T* 0.1629 Tw (fraud is just that. In their recent amicus brief to the United States Supreme Court a number )Tj T* 0.0743 Tw (of present and former Secretaries of State from Georgia, Maryland, Missouri, Ohio and Vermont )Tj T* 0.1029 Tw (noted that in Federal elections between 1996 and the present, in which more than twenty-four )Tj T* 0.2086 Tw (million votes were cast not a single case of voter impersonation fraud occurred at the polls. )Tj T* 0.06 Tw (The Federal Judge who reviewed and dismissed a Justice Department suit against Missouri con-)Tj T* 0.1143 Tw [(cluded: It is .)-554.3(.)-554.3(.)0( telling that the United States has not shown that any Missouri resident was )]TJ T* 0.1 Tw [(denied his or her right to vote .)-554.3(.)-554.3(.)0( [n]or has the United States shown that any voter fraud has )]TJ T* 0 Tw (occurred. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 137.9972 Tm (53)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 136.1 Tm 0.1571 Tw (Testimony of Alberto Gonzales, Oversight of the U.S. Department of Justice, Senate Com-)Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.0514 Tw (mittee on the Judiciary, 110th Congress at 53 \(July 24, 2007\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 123.9972 Tm 0 Tw (54)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 122.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (OAG 180. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 116.9972 Tm 0 Tw (55)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 115.1 Tm (Id. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 109.9972 Tm (56)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 108.1 Tm 0.1914 Tw (Interview with D. Kyle Sampson, Former Chief of Staff to the Attorney General, Depart-)Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.0514 Tw (ment of Justice at 111119 \(April 15, 2007\). )Tj 10 0 0 10 147 641 Tm 0.162 Tw (precedented firings and the Justice Departments response to con-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (gressional inquiries about it. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.312 Tw (The accumulated evidence shows that the list for firings was )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.274 Tw (compiled based on input from the highest political ranks in the )Tj T* 0.212 Tw (White House, including Mr. Rove, Ms. Taylor, and Mr. Jennings. )Tj T* 0.062 Tw (The evidence shows that senior officials were apparently focused on )Tj T* 0.232 Tw (the political impact of Federal prosecutions and whether Federal )Tj T* 0.102 Tw (prosecutors were doing enough to bring partisan voter fraud)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 435.1657 573.7094 Tm 0 Tw (52)Tj 10 0 0 10 447.6172 571 Tm (and )Tj -30.0617 -1 TD 0.32 Tw (corruption cases. It is obvious that the reasons given for these )Tj T* 0.548 Tw (firings were contrived as part of a cover up and that the )Tj T* 0.186 Tw (stonewalling by the White House is part and parcel of that same )Tj T* 0.138 Tw (effort. Even Attorney General Gonzales, in his sworn testimony in )Tj T* 0.236 Tw (July 2007, contrasted these politically motivated firings with the )Tj T* 0.54 Tw (replacement of other United States Attorneys for legitimate )Tj T* 0 Tw (cause.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 181.2795 503.7093 Tm (53)Tj 10 0 0 10 189.931 500.9999 Tm ( )Tj -3.2931 -1 TD 0.058 Tw (The evidence that U.S. Attorneys were fired for political purposes )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.088 Tw (points to Mr. Rove and his political operations in the White House. )Tj T* 0.384 Tw (Evidence shows that Mr. Rove and then-White House Counsel )Tj T* 0.14 Tw (Alberto Gonzales were involved from the beginning in plans to re-)Tj T* 0.274 Tw (move U.S. Attorneys. According to documents obtained from the )Tj T* 0.108 Tw (Department and Mr. Sampsons testimony, Mr. Sampson discussed )Tj T* 0.21 Tw (the plan with then-White House Counsel Gonzales not long after )Tj T* 0.108 Tw (President Bushs re-election in 2004. A January 9, 2005, e-mail re-)Tj T* 0.188 Tw (leased by the Department shows that Mr. Rove initiated inquires )Tj T* 0.168 Tw (with respect to how we planned to proceed regarding U.S. Attor-)Tj T* 0.15 Tw (neys, whether we were going to allow all to stay, request resigna-)Tj T* 0.142 Tw (tions from all and accept only some of them, or selectively replace )Tj T* 0.072 Tw (them, etc.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 199.0392 373.7093 Tm 0 Tw (54)Tj 10 0 0 10 211.1908 371 Tm 0.072 Tw (In his response to queries from David Leitch, a White )Tj -6.4191 -1 TD 0.384 Tw (House official, Mr. Sampson expressly deferred to the political )Tj T* 0.146 Tw (judgment of Mr. Rove as to whether to proceed with plans for the )Tj T* 0.494 Tw (replacement of U.S. Attorneys, writing,[I]f Karl thinks there )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (would be political will to do it, then so do I.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 356.3369 333.7093 Tm 0 Tw (55)Tj 10 0 0 10 364.9884 330.9999 Tm ( )Tj -20.7988 -1 TD 0.174 Tw (Mr. Sampson, who has testified that he aggregated the list of )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.092 Tw (U.S. Attorneys to be fired, was apparently in frequent contact with )Tj T* 0.214 Tw (White House officials about multiple versions of proposed lists of )Tj T* 0.272 Tw (possible U.S. Attorneys for dismissal and potential replacements )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (over the course of nearly two years.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 313.6375 283.7093 Tm 0 Tw (56)Tj 10 0 0 10 322.289 280.9999 Tm ( )Tj -16.5289 -1 TD 0.07 Tw (Mr. Roves own words suggest that placing loyal Bushies in key )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.212 Tw (battleground states for the next election played a significant role )Tj T* 0.15 Tw (in these firings. In April 2006, Mr. Rove gave a speech to the Re-)Tj T* 0.216 Tw (publican National Lawyers Association where he listed 11 states )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00030)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 111 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 113 0 obj << /Length 6938 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (31 )Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 147 235.8 m 197 235.8 l S BT 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 228.9972 Tm (57)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 227.1 Tm 0.1743 Tw (Speech by Karl Rove to Republican National Lawyers Association, April 7, 2006; See also )Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.2829 Tw (Greg Gordon, New U.S. Attorneys Seem to Have Partisan Records, McClatchy Newspapers, )Tj T* 0.0514 Tw (March 23, 2007. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 207.9972 Tm 0 Tw (58)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 206.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (An Evolving List, Washington Post, May 17, 2007. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 200.9972 Tm 0 Tw (59)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 199.1 Tm 0.1486 Tw (Interview with Matthew Friedrich, Chief of Staff and Principal Deputy Assistant Attorney )Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.0514 Tw (General, Criminal Division, Department of Justice at 2731 \(May 4, 2007\); OAG 820852 )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 186.9972 Tm 0 Tw (60)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 185.1 Tm 0.1914 Tw (Interview with D. Kyle Sampson, Former Chief of Staff to the Attorney General, Depart-)Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.0514 Tw (ment of Justice at 168175 \(April 15, 2007\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 172.9972 Tm 0 Tw (61)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 171.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (An Evolving List. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 165.9972 Tm 0 Tw (62)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 164.1 Tm 0.2029 Tw (Eric Lipton and Ian Urbina, In 5-Year Effort, Scant Evidence of Voter Fraud, New York )Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.1714 Tw (Times, April 12, 2007; Gina Barton, Stacy Forster and Steven Walters, State Official Indicted )Tj T* 0.0514 Tw (in Travel Contract Case, Milwaukee Journal-Sentinel, January 24, 2007. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 144.9972 Tm 0 Tw (63)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 143.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (Lipton and Urbina, 5-Year Effort, Scant Evidence of Voter Fraud. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 137.9972 Tm 0 Tw (64)Tj /F4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 161.196 136.1 Tm (U.S. )Tj /F1 1 Tf 2.676 0 TD (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.453 0 TD (Thompson, )Tj /F1 1 Tf 5.7301 0 TD 0.36 Tw (484 F.3d 877, 878879 \(7th. Cir. 2007\); Steven Walters and John )Tj -11.8872 -1 TD 0.0514 Tw (Diedrich, Ex-State Official Freed, April 5, 2007. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 123.9972 Tm 0 Tw (65)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 122.1 Tm 0.2629 Tw (Mike Gallagher, Domenici Sought Iglesias Ouster, Albuquerque Journal, April 15, 2007; )Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.0829 Tw (Preserving Prosecutorial Independence: Is the Department of Justice Politicizing the Hiring and )Tj T* 0.1486 Tw (Firing of U.S. Attorneys?Part II, Senate Committee on the Judiciary, 110th Congress at 36 )Tj T* 0.0514 Tw (37 \(March 6, 2007\). )Tj 10 0 0 10 147 641 Tm 0.316 Tw (he saw as pivotal battlegrounds for the 2008 election: Pennsyl-)Tj 0 -1.01 TD 0.414 Tw (vania, Michigan, Ohio, Florida, Colorado, Arkansas, Wisconsin, )Tj T* 0.228 Tw (Minnesota, Nevada, Iowa, New Mexico.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 338.3672 623.5093 Tm 0 Tw (57)Tj 10 0 0 10 352.0787 620.8 Tm 0.228 Tw (Since 2005, U.S. Attor-)Tj -20.5079 -1.01 TD 0.142 Tw (neys in nine of these states have been considered for removal and )Tj T* 0.234 Tw (nine have been replaced.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 268.2882 603.3094 Tm 0 Tw (58)Tj 10 0 0 10 282.0598 600.6 Tm 0.234 Tw (Four of the U.S. Attorneys who were )Tj -13.506 -1.01 TD 0.052 Tw (fired as part of the mass firing were from these states. )Tj 1 -1.01 TD 0.162 Tw (The Committee has learned that Mr. Rove raised concerns with )Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.106 Tw (Attorney General Gonzales about prosecutors not aggressively pur-)Tj T* 0.1 Tw (suing purported voter fraud cases in several of the districts he dis-)Tj T* 0.112 Tw (cussed in that speech and that prior to the 2006 mid-term election )Tj T* 0.062 Tw (he sent the Attorney Generals chief of staff a packet of information )Tj T* 0.4 Tw (containing a 30-page report concerning voting in Wisconsin in )Tj T* 0 Tw (2004.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 172.0196 522.5095 Tm (59)Tj 10 0 0 10 184.5511 519.8001 Tm 0.11 Tw (Mr. Rove also passed on to Mr. Sampson the complaints of )Tj -3.7551 -1.01 TD 0.388 Tw (Wisconsin Republican officials about the U.S. Attorney for the )Tj T* 0.122 Tw (Eastern District of Wisconsin regarding his failure to pursue voter )Tj T* 0.09 Tw (fraud cases.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 202.8991 492.2095 Tm 0 Tw (60)Tj 10 0 0 10 215.2307 489.5001 Tm 0.09 Tw (That U.S. Attorneys name was added to the list Mr. )Tj -6.8231 -1.01 TD 0.17 Tw (Sampson was developing for firing in early 2005, two weeks after )Tj T* 0.14 Tw (Mr. Rove reviewed activity about vote fraud in his district.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 429.9859 472.0095 Tm 0 Tw (61)Tj 10 0 0 10 442.8174 469.3001 Tm (That )Tj -29.5817 -1.01 TD 0.236 Tw (U.S. Attorneys name did not appear on subsequent lists and he )Tj T* 0.112 Tw (kept his job after he brought 14 voter fraud cases arising from the )Tj T* 0.508 Tw (2004 election and prosecuted Wisconsin civil servant Georgia )Tj T* 0.058 Tw (Thompson in a public corruption case connected to Democratic Gov-)Tj T* 0.146 Tw (ernor Jim Doyle.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 227.1488 421.5095 Tm 0 Tw (62)Tj 10 0 0 10 240.0403 418.8002 Tm 0.146 Tw (The Justice Department won only five of these )Tj -9.304 -1.01 TD 0.196 Tw (14 cases)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 188.7994 411.4095 Tm 0 Tw (63)Tj 10 0 0 10 202.1909 408.7002 Tm 0.196 Tw (and the Georgia Thompson case was later thrown out )Tj -5.5191 -1.01 TD 0.254 Tw (on appeal by the Seventh Circuit for evidence that was beyond )Tj T* 0.154 Tw (thin immediately after oral argument, which is highly unusual.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 456.3954 391.2095 Tm 0 Tw (64)Tj 10 0 0 10 465.047 388.5002 Tm ( )Tj -31.8047 -1.01 TD 0.11 Tw (This evidence points to Mr. Roves role and the role of those in his )Tj T* 0.202 Tw (office in removing or trying to remove prosecutors not considered )Tj T* 0.104 Tw (sufficiently loyal to Republican electoral prospects. Such manipula-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (tion shows corruption of Federal law enforcement for partisan polit-)Tj T* (ical purposes. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.142 Tw (We also know, through press accounts and testimony, that after )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.14 Tw (the 2006 midterm election, Mr. Rove discussed the performance of )Tj T* 0.184 Tw (New Mexico U.S. Attorney David Iglesias with Senator Domenici, )Tj T* 0.362 Tw (who himself had called Mr. Iglesias before the election to ask )Tj T* 0.132 Tw (whether he was bringing indictments against a Democratic official )Tj T* 0.066 Tw (in the lead up to the election.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 285.6079 280.7095 Tm 0 Tw (65)Tj 10 0 0 10 297.6995 278.0002 Tm 0.066 Tw (We have learned that Mr. Jennings )Tj -15.0699 -1 TD 0.198 Tw (set up a meeting between the Departments White House liaison, )Tj T* 0.342 Tw (Monica Goodling, and New Mexico Republican officials in June )Tj T* 0.06 Tw (2006 to talk about the U.S. Attorney situation in New Mexico, de-)Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00031)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 114 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F4 7 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 117 0 obj << /Length 6563 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (32 )Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 147 214.5 m 197 214.5 l S BT 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 207.6972 Tm (66)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 205.8 Tm 0.0514 Tw (OAG 114, 572; Interview with Matthew Friedrich at 3140. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 200.7972 Tm 0 Tw (67)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 198.9 Tm 0.0514 Tw (Id. at 3435. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 193.8972 Tm 0 Tw (68)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 192 Tm 0.0514 Tw (Id. at 3839. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 186.9972 Tm 0 Tw (69)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 185.1 Tm 0.16 Tw (Testimony of Kyle Sampson, Preserving Prosecutorial Independence: Is the Department of )Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.0686 Tw (Justice Politicizing the Hiring and Firing of U.S. Attorneys?Part III, Senate Committee on the )Tj T* 0.0514 Tw (Judiciary, 110th Congress at 130134 \(March 29, 2007\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 165.9972 Tm 0 Tw (70)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 164.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (Id. at 130131. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 158.9972 Tm 0 Tw (71)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 157.1 Tm 0.1971 Tw (See Margaret Talev & Marisa Taylor, Rove Was Asked to Fire U.S. Attorney, McClatchy )Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.0514 Tw (Newspapers, March 10, 2007. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 144.9972 Tm 0 Tw (72)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 143.1 Tm 0.0743 Tw (Answers to Post-Hearing Questions from John McKay, H.R. 580, Restoring Checks and Bal-)Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.2629 Tw (ances in the Confirmation Process of U.S. Attorneys, Subcomm. on Commercial and Admin. )Tj T* 0.0514 Tw (Law, House Committee on the Judiciary, 110th Congress at 275 \(March 6, 2007\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 123.9972 Tm 0 Tw (73)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 122.1 Tm 0.0914 Tw (Dan Eggen, Prosecutors Firing Was Urged During Probe, Washington Post, March 9, 2007; )Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.1286 Tw (Testimony of Kyle Sampson, Preserving Prosecutorial Independence: Is the Department of Jus-)Tj T* 0.0514 Tw (tice Politicizing the Hiring and Firing of U.S. Attorneys?Part III at 3940. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 102.9972 Tm 0 Tw (74)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 101.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (OAG 22. )Tj 10 0 0 10 147 641 Tm 0.076 Tw (scribing it as sensitive.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 265.2482 643.7094 Tm 0 Tw (66)Tj 10 0 0 10 277.4398 641 Tm 0.076 Tw (Matthew Friedrich, counselor to the At-)Tj -13.044 -0.99 TD 0.082 Tw (torney General, also met with these officials and testified that they )Tj T* 0.056 Tw (were concerned about Mr. Iglesias failure to bring a particular vote )Tj T* 0.084 Tw (fraud case against ACORN, a non-profit organization that works to )Tj T* 0.264 Tw (register voters.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 219.4489 604.1094 Tm 0 Tw (67)Tj 10 0 0 10 233.5204 601.4 Tm 0.264 Tw (Mr. Friedrich also testified that when he later )Tj -8.652 -0.99 TD 0.06 Tw (met with these officials, they told him they had communicated with )Tj T* 0.16 Tw (Mr. Rove and Senator Domenici about trying to have Mr. Iglesias )Tj T* 0 Tw (removed.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 189.2193 574.4094 Tm (68)Tj 10 0 0 10 197.8709 571.7 Tm ( )Tj -4.0871 -0.99 TD 0.156 Tw (Mr. Iglesias was subsequently fired a few weeks after Mr. Rove )Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.262 Tw (complained to the Attorney General about the lack of purported )Tj T* 0.09 Tw (voter fraud enforcement cases in his jurisdiction.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 386.2864 544.7094 Tm 0 Tw (69)Tj 10 0 0 10 398.618 542 Tm 0.09 Tw (His name had )Tj -25.1618 -0.99 TD 0.182 Tw (not been on any previous lists of U.S. Attorneys being considered )Tj T* 0.194 Tw (for firing that were aggregated by Mr. Sampson.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 392.0865 524.9094 Tm 0 Tw (70)Tj 10 0 0 10 405.458 522.2 Tm 0.194 Tw (According to )Tj -25.8458 -0.99 TD 0.178 Tw (Allen Weh, chairman of New Mexicos Republican party, when he )Tj T* 0.19 Tw (asked Mr. Rove during a holiday party in 2006 is anything ever )Tj T* 0.106 Tw (going to happen to that guy?referring to Mr. IglesiasMr. Rove )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (responded, Hes gone.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 257.8783 485.3094 Tm 0 Tw (71)Tj 10 0 0 10 266.5299 482.6 Tm ( )Tj -10.953 -0.99 TD 0.09 Tw (Evidence suggests that other fired U.S. Attorneys had drawn the )Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.11 Tw (ire of political operatives in the White House. John McKay, former )Tj T* 0.066 Tw (U.S. Attorney for the Western District of Washington, testified that )Tj T* 0.172 Tw (when he met with Ms. Miers and her deputy Mr. Kelley to inter-)Tj T* 0.242 Tw (view for a Federal judgeship, he was asked to explain criticism )Tj T* 0.09 Tw (that I mishandled the 2004 governors election after which Repub-)Tj T* 0.126 Tw (licans were upset with him for not intervening in that closely con-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (tested election.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 216.9689 406.1094 Tm 0 Tw (72)Tj 10 0 0 10 225.6205 403.4 Tm ( )Tj -6.862 -0.99 TD 0.19 Tw (There is evidence that suggests that White House officials may )Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.168 Tw (have been involved in the firing of Carol Lam, former U.S. Attor-)Tj T* 0.136 Tw (ney for the Southern District of California. She prosecuted Repub-)Tj T* 0.138 Tw (lican Congressman Duke Cunningham, which led to his conviction )Tj T* 0.198 Tw (and the convictions of CIA official Kyle Dusty Foggo and Brent )Tj T* 0.17 Tw (Wilkes, a defense contractor with links to Republican members of )Tj T* 0.09 Tw (Congress. One day after she notified Department officials in Wash-)Tj T* 0.178 Tw (ington, D.C., that she was executing search warrants against Mr. )Tj T* 0.222 Tw (Foggo and Mr. Wilkes,)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 257.9284 317.0094 Tm 0 Tw (73)Tj 10 0 0 10 271.5799 314.3 Tm 0.222 Tw (Kyle Sampson sent an email to Deputy )Tj -12.458 -0.99 TD 0.164 Tw (White House Counsel William Kelley saying that they should dis-)Tj T* 0.154 Tw (cuss, [t]he real problem we have right now that leads me to con-)Tj T* 0.166 Tw (clude that we should have someone ready to be nominated on 11/ )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (18, the day her 4-year term expires.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 321.2674 277.4093 Tm 0 Tw (74)Tj 10 0 0 10 329.9189 274.7 Tm ( )Tj -17.2919 -0.99 TD 0.124 Tw (According to documents and testimony, Ms. Taylor and Mr. Jen-)Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.078 Tw (nings were involved in the discussions and planning that led to the )Tj T* 0.206 Tw (removal of Bud Cummins and bypassing the Senate confirmation )Tj T* 0.132 Tw (process to install Tim Griffin, another former aide to Mr. Rove, as )Tj T* 0.116 Tw (U.S. Attorney in the Eastern District of Arkansas. They were both )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00032)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 118 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 120 0 obj << /Length 6529 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (33 )Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 147 220.8 m 197 220.8 l S BT 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 213.9972 Tm (75)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 212.1 Tm 0.1914 Tw (Interview with D. Kyle Sampson, Former Chief of Staff to the Attorney General, Depart-)Tj -2.028 -1.0571 TD 0.0514 Tw (ment of Justice at 54 \(April 15, 2007\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 199.1972 Tm 0 Tw (76)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 197.3 Tm 0.0514 Tw (Id. at 93. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 191.7972 Tm 0 Tw (77)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 189.9 Tm 0.0514 Tw (OAG 45; Testimony of Kyle Sampson, Preserving Prosecutorial Independence: Is the Depart-)Tj -2.028 -1.0571 TD (ment of Justice Politicizing the Hiring and Firing of U.S. Attorneys?Part III at 3233. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 176.9972 Tm 0 Tw (78)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 175.1 Tm 0.16 Tw (Testimony of Kyle Sampson, Preserving Prosecutorial Independence: Is the Department of )Tj -2.028 -1.0571 TD 0.0514 Tw (Justice Politicizing the Hiring and Firing of U.S. Attorneys?Part III at 3739. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 162.1972 Tm 0 Tw (79)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 160.3 Tm 0.2314 Tw (Interview with William Moschella, Principal Associate Deputy Attorney General, Depart-)Tj -2.028 -1.0571 TD 0.0514 Tw (ment of Justice at 99102 \(April 24, 2007\); DAG 0840. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 147.3971 Tm 0 Tw (80)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 145.4999 Tm 0.16 Tw (Testimony of Kyle Sampson, Preserving Prosecutorial Independence: Is the Department of )Tj -2.028 -1.0571 TD 0.2086 Tw (Justice Politicizing the Hiring and Firing of U.S. Attorneys?Part III at 159162; OAG 297. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 132.597 Tm 0 Tw (81)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 130.6999 Tm 0.2543 Tw (Letter from Richard A. Hertling, Acting Assistant Attorney General, to Senator Charles )Tj -2.028 -1.0571 TD 0.0514 Tw (Schumer \(February 23, 2007\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 117.797 Tm 0 Tw (82)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 115.8998 Tm 0.0514 Tw (OAG 127. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 110.3969 Tm 0 Tw (83)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 108.4998 Tm 0.1086 Tw (Letter from Richard A. Hertling, Acting Assistant Attorney General, Department of Justice )Tj -2.028 -1.0572 TD 0.0514 Tw (to Senator Patrick Leahy and Senator Charles Schumer \(March 28, 2007\). )Tj 10 0 0 10 147 641 Tm 0.278 Tw (part of a group that discussed using the Attorney Generals ex-)Tj 0 -1.04 TD 0.272 Tw (panded authority under the Patriot Act reauthorization to avoid )Tj T* 0.15 Tw (the opposition of the Arkansas Senators by appointing Mr. Griffin )Tj T* 0 Tw (indefinitely.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 202.9291 612.5094 Tm (75)Tj 10 0 0 10 217.4407 609.8 Tm 0.308 Tw (Mr. Sampson testified that Ms. Taylor was upset )Tj -7.0441 -1.04 TD 0.13 Tw (when, a month after telling Senator Pryor he was committed find-)Tj T* 0.112 Tw (ing a U.S. Attorney who could be confirmed by the Senate, the At-)Tj T* 0.242 Tw (torney General finally rejected this use of his appointment au-)Tj T* 0 Tw (thority.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 181.6295 570.9094 Tm (76)Tj 10 0 0 10 190.281 568.2001 Tm ( )Tj -3.3281 -1.04 TD 0.118 Tw (In addition, documents and testimony show that Ms. Taylor was )Tj -1 -1.04 TD 0.126 Tw (the White House official who approved the plan for firing multiple )Tj T* 0.1 Tw (U.S. Attorneys on December 7, 2006, on behalf of the White House )Tj T* 0.096 Tw (political office.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 214.999 529.3094 Tm 0 Tw (77)Tj 10 0 0 10 227.3905 526.6001 Tm 0.096 Tw (Mr. Jennings also had knowledge of this plan and )Tj -8.0391 -1.04 TD 0.06 Tw (both he and Ms. Taylor were involved in subsequent discussions re-)Tj T* 0.306 Tw (garding congressional testimony of Department officials and the )Tj T* 0.194 Tw (administrations response to the growing scandal surrounding the )Tj T* 0 Tw (firings.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 179.9595 487.7094 Tm (78)Tj 10 0 0 10 188.611 485.0001 Tm ( )Tj -3.1611 -1.04 TD 0.064 Tw (Documents and testimony also show that Mr. Rove, Mr. Jennings )Tj -1 -1.04 TD 0.078 Tw (and Ms. Taylor had a role in shaping the administrations response )Tj T* 0.15 Tw (to congressional inquiries into these dismissals, which led to inac-)Tj T* 0.082 Tw (curate and misleading testimony to Congress and misleading state-)Tj T* 0.084 Tw (ments to the public. According to the testimony of Department offi-)Tj T* 0.086 Tw (cials, Mr. Rove and other White House officials attended a meeting )Tj T* 0.06 Tw (at the White House on March 5, 2007the day before Principal As-)Tj T* 0.08 Tw (sociate Deputy Attorney General William Moschella testified before )Tj T* 0.204 Tw (the House Judiciary Committeeto go over the Administrations )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (position on all aspects of the US atty issue.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 355.4769 383.7094 Tm 0 Tw (79)Tj 10 0 0 10 364.1284 381.0001 Tm ( )Tj -20.7128 -1.04 TD 0.232 Tw (The administrations response included an attempt to cover up )Tj -1 -1.04 TD 0.116 Tw (the role that White House officials played in the firings. According )Tj T* 0.088 Tw (to documents and the testimony of Mr. Sampson, Attorney General )Tj T* 0.15 Tw (Gonzales was upset after the February 6, 2006, testimony of Dep-)Tj T* 0.204 Tw (uty Attorney General Paul McNulty because Mr. McNultys testi-)Tj T* 0.094 Tw (mony put the White House involvement in the firings in the public )Tj T* 0 Tw (domain.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 184.2294 310.9094 Tm (80)Tj 10 0 0 10 198.0409 308.2001 Tm 0.238 Tw (The administrations February 23, 2007, response to a )Tj -5.1041 -1.04 TD 0.11 Tw (letter from Senators Reid, Schumer, Durbin and Murray regarding )Tj T* 0.058 Tw (the firings stated, The Department is not aware of Karl Rove play-)Tj T* 0.372 Tw (ing any role in the decision to appoint Mr. Griffin.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 416.8064 279.7094 Tm 0 Tw (81)Tj 10 0 0 10 431.9579 277.0001 Tm (Earlier )Tj -28.4958 -1.04 TD 0.124 Tw (emails indicate that the appointment of Mr. Griffin was important )Tj T* 0.15 Tw (to Mr. Rove.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 206.4791 258.9094 Tm 0 Tw (82)Tj 10 0 0 10 219.4106 256.2001 Tm 0.15 Tw (The White House apparently signed off on this let-)Tj -7.2411 -1.04 TD 0.164 Tw (ter. Many parts of this letter were later retracted.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 390.1265 248.5094 Tm 0 Tw (83)Tj 10 0 0 10 403.198 245.8001 Tm 0.164 Tw (Reports indi-)Tj -25.6198 -1.04 TD 0.172 Tw (cate that among the emails withheld from the investigating Com-)Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00033)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 121 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 123 0 obj << /Length 6306 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (34 )Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 147 200.8 m 197 200.8 l S BT 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 193.9972 Tm (84)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 192.1 Tm 0.1114 Tw (Evan Perez, More Justice Emails Raise Stakes for Aide, Washington Post, March 29, 2007. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 186.9972 Tm 0 Tw (85)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 185.1 Tm (See )Tj /F4 1 Tf 2.0166 0 TD (Nixon )Tj /F1 1 Tf 3.1456 0 TD (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.2016 0 TD 0.1086 Tw (Admr of Gen. Srvs., )Tj /F1 1 Tf 9.9725 0 TD (433 U.S. 425, 453 \(1977\) \(court found there to be a sub-)Tj -18.3643 -1 TD 0.1829 Tw (stantial public interest in preserving President Nixons records so that Congress could inves-)Tj T* 0.1514 Tw (tigate the events that led to President Nixons resignation in order to gauge the necessity for )Tj T* 0.0514 Tw (remedial legislation\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 158.9972 Tm 0 Tw (86)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 157.1 Tm 0.1143 Tw (Public Papers of the Presidents \(1983\) at 239, cited in L. Fischer, The Politics of Executive )Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.0514 Tw (Privilege at 51 \(2004\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 144.9972 Tm 0 Tw (87)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 143.1 Tm 0.0743 Tw (Congressional Subpoenas of Department of Justice Investigative Files, 8 U.S. Op. Off. Legal )Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.0514 Tw (Counsel 252 at 41 \(1984\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 130.9972 Tm 0 Tw (88)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 129.1 Tm 0.1514 Tw (Lloyd N. Cutler, Special Counsel to the President, Memorandum for all Executive Depart-)Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.2314 Tw (ment and Agency Counsels, Congressional Requests for Departments and Agencies for Docu-)Tj T* 0.1857 Tw (ments Protected by Executive Privilege at 1, Sept. 28, 1994, available in Frederick M. Kaiser )Tj T* 0.2114 Tw (et al., Congressional Oversight Manual, CRS Report for Congress, RL 30240 at App. C, May )Tj T* 0.0514 Tw (1, 2007. )Tj 10 0 0 10 147 641 Tm 0.146 Tw (mittees are emails indicating that White House officials were con-)Tj 0 -0.99 TD 0.052 Tw (sulted about that misleading letter.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 313.1875 633.8093 Tm 0 Tw (84)Tj 10 0 0 10 321.839 631.1 Tm ( )Tj -16.4839 -0.99 TD 0.196 Tw (The extensive involvement of White House officials in the mat-)Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.074 Tw (ters under investigation has been established by the selective docu-)Tj T* 0.17 Tw (ments and emails released by the Justice Department and by the )Tj T* 0.744 Tw (testimony of Department officials. What the White House )Tj T* 0.152 Tw (stonewalling is preventing is conclusive evidence of who made the )Tj T* 0.122 Tw (decisions to fire these Federal prosecutors. The Committees inves-)Tj T* (tigation of the firings, including critical information about the rea-)Tj T* 0.072 Tw (sons and motivations for them, and the veracity of information pro-)Tj T* 0.078 Tw (vided to Congress about them, remains incomplete without the ma-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (terials subpoenaed by this Committee. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 157.38 516.2 Tm 0 Tw (E)Tj 10 0 0 10 163.1559 516.2 Tm (. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 169.2358 516.2 Tm [(EXECUTIVE)-412.5(PRIVILEGE)-412.5(NOT)-412.5(PROPER)-412.5(TO)-412.5(COVER)-412.5(UP)-412.5(WRONGDOING)]TJ 10 0 0 10 454.5558 516.2 Tm ( )Tj -29.7556 -1.59 TD 0.216 Tw (The White Houses privilege claim is particularly inappropriate )Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.142 Tw (in light of the evidence suggesting possible wrongdoing by govern-)Tj T* 0.288 Tw (ment officials. Not only has the Supreme Court recognized that )Tj T* 0.328 Tw (Congress broad investigative power is necessary to determine )Tj T* 0.188 Tw (whether there was wrongdoing and address it,)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 372.7367 463.4094 Tm 0 Tw (85)Tj 10 0 0 10 386.0482 460.7 Tm 0.188 Tw (but previous ad-)Tj -23.9048 -0.99 TD 0.228 Tw (ministrations have recognized that executive privilege should not )Tj T* 0.206 Tw (be invoked to prevent investigations into wrongdoing. During the )Tj T* 0.256 Tw (Reagan administration, President Reagan himself declared, [w]e )Tj T* 0.276 Tw (will never invoke executive privilege to cover up wrongdoing,)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 456.3256 423.8094 Tm 0 Tw (86)Tj 10 0 0 10 464.9772 421.1 Tm ( )Tj -31.7977 -0.99 TD 0.176 Tw (and the Justice Departments Office of Legal Counsel stated, the )Tj T* 0.168 Tw (privilege should not be invoked to conceal evidence of wrongdoing )Tj T* 0.144 Tw (or criminality on the part of executive officers.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 376.5367 394.1093 Tm 0 Tw (87)Tj 10 0 0 10 389.4082 391.4 Tm 0.144 Tw (The Clinton ad-)Tj -24.2408 -0.99 TD 0.246 Tw (ministration followed a similar policy, stating that in relation to )Tj 0 -1 TD 0.154 Tw (communications relating to investigations of personal wrongdoing )Tj T* 0.232 Tw (by government officials, it is our practice not to assert executive )Tj T* 0.19 Tw (privilege, either, in judicial proceedings or in congressional inves-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (tigations and hearings.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 260.6683 344.2094 Tm 0 Tw (88)Tj 10 0 0 10 269.3198 341.5 Tm ( )Tj -11.232 -1 TD 0.186 Tw (The Committee has found evidence of possible wrongdoing. The )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.098 Tw (evidence supports a conclusion that officials from the highest polit-)Tj T* 0.238 Tw (ical ranks at the White House, including Mr. Rove, manipulated )Tj T* 0.268 Tw (the Justice Department, turning the Department into a political )Tj T* 0.104 Tw (arm of the White House to pursue a partisan political agenda. The )Tj T* 0.154 Tw (Committee has found evidence of the involvement of White House )Tj T* 0.076 Tw (officials in pressuring prosecutors to bring partisan cases and seek-)Tj T* 0.166 Tw (ing retribution against those who refuse to adhere to the political )Tj T* 0.11 Tw (will of the administration. One example is New Mexico U.S. Attor-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (ney David Iglesias, who was fired a few weeks after Karl Rove com-)Tj T* 0.114 Tw (plained to the Attorney General about the lack of purported voter )Tj T* 0.178 Tw (fraud enforcement cases in Mr. Iglesias jurisdiction. Department )Tj T* 0.078 Tw (official Monica Goodling admitted while testifying before the House )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00034)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 124 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F4 7 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 126 0 obj << /Length 5457 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (35 )Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 147 158.8 m 197 158.8 l S BT 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 151.9972 Tm (89)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 150.1 Tm 0.1543 Tw (Testimony of Monica Goodling, The Continuing Investigation into the U.S. Attorneys Con-)Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.1943 Tw (troversy and Related Matters \(Part I\), House Committee on the Judiciary, 110th Congress at )Tj T* 0.0514 Tw (36 \(May 23, 2007\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 130.9972 Tm 0 Tw (90)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 129.1 Tm 0.16 Tw (Testimony of Kyle Sampson, Preserving Prosecutorial Independence: Is the Department of )Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.0514 Tw (Justice Politicizing the Hiring and Firing of U.S. Attorneys?Part III at 137; OAG 127. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 116.9972 Tm 0 Tw (91)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 115.1 Tm 0.0657 Tw (An Investigation into the Removal of Nine U.S. Attorneys in 2006, the Department of Jus-)Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.1257 Tw (tices Office of the Inspector General and the Department of Justices Office of Professional Re-)Tj T* 0.0514 Tw (sponsibility \(September 29, 2008\). )Tj 10 0 0 10 147 641 Tm 0.174 Tw (Judiciary Committee under a grant of immunity from prosecution )Tj 0 -1.03 TD 0.202 Tw (to improperly screening career employees for political loyalty and )Tj T* (wielding undue political influence over key law enforcement deci-)Tj T* 0.126 Tw (sions and policies.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 233.0487 612.8093 Tm 0 Tw (89)Tj 10 0 0 10 245.7402 610.1 Tm 0.126 Tw (The Committee has found that officials at the )Tj -9.874 -1.03 TD 0.162 Tw (White House and the Justice Department were determined to use )Tj T* 0.066 Tw (the Attorney Generals new authority enacted as part of the Patriot )Tj T* 0.128 Tw (Act reauthorization, since rescinded, to put in place interim U.S. )Tj T* 0.188 Tw (Attorneys indefinitely, doing an end-run around the Senates con-)Tj T* 0.302 Tw (stitutional and statutory role in the confirmation of U.S. Attor-)Tj 0 -1.02 TD 0 Tw (neys.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 170.8896 551.1093 Tm (90)Tj 10 0 0 10 179.5411 548.4 Tm ( )Tj -2.2541 -1.02 TD 0.074 Tw (Along the way, this subversion of the justice system has included )Tj -1 -1.02 TD 0.238 Tw (lying, misleading, stonewalling and ignoring the Congress in our )Tj T* 0.212 Tw (attempts to find out precisely what happened. The reasons given )Tj T* 0.328 Tw (for these firings were contrived as part of a cover up and the )Tj T* 0.186 Tw (stonewalling by the White House is part and parcel of that same )Tj T* 0.35 Tw (effort. During his sworn testimony, Attorney General Gonzales, )Tj T* 0.46 Tw (who has since resigned, contrasted these politically motivated )Tj T* 0.192 Tw (firings with the replacement of other United States Attorneys for )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (legitimate cause. )Tj 1 -1.02 TD 0.214 Tw (As discussed more fully below, a joint investigation by the De-)Tj -1 -1.02 TD 0.174 Tw (partments Office of Inspector General \(OIG\) and Office of Profes-)Tj T* 0.078 Tw (sional Responsibility \(OPR\) concluded that the firings were unprec-)Tj T* 0.15 Tw (edented and that partisan political considerations played a role in )Tj T* 0.214 Tw (the firings.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 199.8792 408.3093 Tm 0 Tw (91)Tj 10 0 0 10 213.4507 405.6 Tm 0.214 Tw (The report also concluded that the firings were not )Tj -6.6451 -1.02 TD 0.21 Tw (the result of a few bad apples run amok as suggested by some )Tj T* 0.186 Tw (in the administration, but rather that Attorney General Gonzales )Tj T* 0.116 Tw (and Deputy Attorney General McNulty bore primary responsibility )Tj T* 0.192 Tw (for the deeply flawed process that led to the firings because they )Tj T* 0.302 Tw (abdicated their responsibility to adequately oversee the process )Tj T* 0.176 Tw (and to ensure that the reasons for removal of each U.S. Attorney )Tj T* 0.2 Tw (were supportable and not improper. In addition, the internal in-)Tj T* 0.206 Tw (vestigation found that they and other high-level Department offi-)Tj T* 0.132 Tw (cials were responsible for making untruthful statements about the )Tj T* 0.108 Tw (removals and their role in the process. Finally, even though it was )Tj T* 0.124 Tw (an executive branch investigation, the OIG/OPR investigation, like )Tj T* 0.152 Tw (the Committees investigation, was impeded by the Bush adminis-)Tj T* 0.2 Tw (trations refusal to cooperate and provide documents or witnesses )Tj T* 0.276 Tw (despite evidence pointing to the significant involvement of high- )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (level White House officials. )Tj 1 -1.02 TD 0.154 Tw (Since the beginning of this investigation, numerous Department )Tj -1 -1.02 TD 0.182 Tw (and administration officials heavily involved in these firings have )Tj T* 0.114 Tw (resigned, including the Attorney General and his chief of staff, the )Tj T* 0.232 Tw (Deputy Attorney General and his chief of staff, the Acting Asso-)Tj T* 0.118 Tw (ciate Attorney General, the Departments White House liaison, the )Tj T* 0.074 Tw (Director of the Executive Office of U.S. Attorneys, the White House )Tj T* 0.346 Tw (Political Director, the White House Counsel, the Deputy White )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (House Counsel, and the White House Deputy Chief of Staff. )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00035)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 127 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 129 0 obj << /Length 5739 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (36 )Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 147 151.8 m 197 151.8 l S BT 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 144.9972 Tm (92)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 143.1 Tm 0.1543 Tw (Testimony of Monica Goodling, The Continuing Investigation into the U.S. Attorneys Con-)Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.0514 Tw (troversy and Related Matters \(Part I\) at 36. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 130.9972 Tm 0 Tw (93)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 129.1 Tm 0.06 Tw (Answers to Post-Hearing Questions from Bradley Schlozman, Preserving Prosecutorial Inde-)Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.1457 Tw (pendence: Is the Department of Justice Politicizing the Hiring and Firing of U.S. Attorneys? )Tj T* 0.0514 Tw (Part V, Senate Committee on the Judiciary, 110th Congress \(June 5, 2007\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 109.9972 Tm 0 Tw (94)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 108.1 Tm 0.2057 Tw (Harold C. Relyea & Todd B. Tatelman, Presidential Advisers Testimony Before Congres-)Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.0514 Tw (sional Committees: An Overview, CRS Report for Congress, RL 31351 \(April 10, 2007\). )Tj 10 0 0 10 157 641 Tm 0.334 Tw (Monica Goodling, the Departments White House liaison, who )Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.114 Tw (only testified before the House Judiciary Committee after invoking )Tj T* 0.222 Tw (her Fifth Amendment privilege against self-incrimination and re-)Tj T* 0.206 Tw (ceiving immunity, admitted to crossing the line with the illegal )Tj T* 0.114 Tw (political vetting of possible hires for career positions at the Justice )Tj T* 0 Tw (Department.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 206.0791 594.2094 Tm (92)Tj 10 0 0 10 219.6506 591.5 Tm 0.214 Tw (The allegations of improper hiring for career posi-)Tj -7.2651 -0.99 TD 0.138 Tw (tions throughout the Department have been corroborated and con-)Tj T* 0.158 Tw (firmed as widespread by two OIG/OPR reports stemming from re-)Tj T* 0.228 Tw (ferrals by the Senate and House Judiciary Committees. An OIG/ )Tj T* 0.102 Tw (OPR report issued June 24, 2008, found improper and illegal polit-)Tj T* 0.28 Tw (ical hiring for career positions in the Departments Honors Pro-)Tj T* 0.18 Tw (gram and Summer Law Intern Program and a report issued July )Tj T* 0.126 Tw (28, 2008, found improper and illegal use of political considerations )Tj T* 0.072 Tw (in hiring for career positions throughout the Department, including )Tj T* 0.152 Tw (hiring for career prosecutor positions in U.S. Attorneys offices, for )Tj T* 0.132 Tw (detailee positions in main Justice, and for immigration judge posi-)Tj T* 0 Tw (tions. )Tj 1 -0.99 TD 0.312 Tw (Bradley Schlozman, former Acting Assistant Attorney General )Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.334 Tw (for the Civil Rights Division of the Department of Justice and )Tj T* 0.152 Tw (former Interim United States Attorney for the Western District of )Tj T* 0.262 Tw (Missouri, has also acknowledged raising the political leanings of )Tj T* 0.224 Tw (candidates who were being considered for career positions at the )Tj T* 0.256 Tw (Justice Department.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 244.1985 425.9094 Tm 0 Tw (93)Tj 10 0 0 10 258.1901 423.2 Tm 0.256 Tw (A forthcoming report is expected to detail )Tj -11.119 -0.99 TD 0.396 Tw (the findings of the OIG/OPR investigation into the allegations )Tj T* 0.186 Tw (raised regarding Mr. Schlozman and the use of political consider-)Tj T* 0.168 Tw (ations for hiring and personnel decisions in the Civil Rights Divi-)Tj T* 0 Tw (sion. )Tj 1 -0.99 TD 0.274 Tw (The Presidents claim of executive privilege cannot be used to )Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.118 Tw (shield Congress from investigating possible wrongdoing by officials )Tj T* 0.278 Tw (at the Department and the White House. Such wrongdoing was )Tj T* 0 Tw (rampant. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 147 328.1 Tm (F)Tj 10 0 0 10 152.3359 328.1 Tm (. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 160.4158 328.1 Tm [(THE)-662.5(WHITE)-662.5(HOUSE)]TJ 10 0 0 10 247.8947 328.1 Tm ()Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 249.9346 328.1 Tm [(S)-662.5(CLAIMS)-662.5(THAT)-662.5(KARL)-662.5(ROVE)-662.5(IS)-662.5(IMMUNE)-662.5(FROM)]TJ 10 0 0 10 464.9439 328.1 Tm ( )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 157 318.2 Tm [(TESTIMONY)-522.5(ARE)-522.5(CONTRADICTED)-522.5(BY)-522.5(LEGAL)-522.5(AND)-522.5(HISTORICAL)-522.5(PRECE)]TJ 10 0 0 10 461.5118 318.2 Tm (-)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 157 308.3 Tm (DENT)Tj 10 0 0 10 180.8556 308.3 Tm ( )Tj -2.3856 -1.59 TD 0.09 Tw (In an August 1, 2007, letter, White House Counsel Fred Fielding )Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.21 Tw (advanced the novel argument that based upon the advice of the )Tj 0 -1 TD 0.122 Tw (Department of Justice, the President also has requested that I ad-)Tj T* 0.19 Tw (vise and inform you that Mr. Rove, as an immediate presidential )Tj T* 0.194 Tw (advisor, is immune from compelled congressional testimony about )Tj T* 0.126 Tw (matters that arose during his tenure and that relate to his official )Tj T* 0.328 Tw (duties in that capacity. The White House raised similar argu-)Tj T* 0.446 Tw (ments in response to a House Judiciary Committee subpoena )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (issued to former White House Counsel Harriet Miers. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.116 Tw (There is no proper basis for Mr. Rove to refuse to appear pursu-)Tj -1 -1 TD 0.254 Tw (ant to the Committees subpoena. Since World War II, 74 presi-)Tj T* 0.152 Tw (dential advisors, in positions of proximity to the President similar )Tj T* 0.254 Tw (to Mr. Rove, have testified before Congress, many of those com-)Tj T* 0.146 Tw (pelled by subpoena.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 240.6786 165.2093 Tm 0 Tw (94)Tj 10 0 0 10 253.5701 162.5 Tm 0.146 Tw (Since 1975, in each of the 10 times cabinet- )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00036)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 130 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 132 0 obj << /Length 6084 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (37 )Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 147 165.8 m 197 165.8 l S BT 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 158.9972 Tm (95)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 157.1 Tm 0.22 Tw (Morton Rosenberg, Congressional Oversight Manual, CRS37, note 21 and accompanying )Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0 Tw (text. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 144.9972 Tm (96)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 143.1 Tm 0.0629 Tw (Steven G. Bradbury, Re: Immunity of Former Counsel to the President from Compelled Tes-)Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.1457 Tw (timony at 1, July 10, 2007 \(quoting Assertion of Executive Privilege with Respect to Clemency )Tj T* 0.0514 Tw (Decision, 23 Op. O.L.C. 1, 4 \(1999\) \(hereinafter Bradbury\)\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 123.9972 Tm 0 Tw (97)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 122.1 Tm (See )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.9595 0 TD 0.0514 Tw (Committee on the Judiciary )Tj /F1 1 Tf 13.2219 0 TD 0 Tw (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.1444 0 TD (Miers)Tj /F1 1 Tf 2.609 0 TD 0.0514 Tw (, 558 F.Supp.2d 53. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 116.9972 Tm 0 Tw (98)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 115.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (Id. at 106. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 109.9972 Tm 0 Tw (99)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 108.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (843 F.2d 1473, \(Cir. Ct. D.C. 1988\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 102.9972 Tm 0 Tw (100)Tj 7 0 0 7 164.2239 101.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (Id. at 1474. )Tj 10 0 0 10 147 641 Tm 0.066 Tw (level or senior executive officials have been cited by a congressional )Tj 0 -1.01 TD 0.3 Tw (committee for contempt for failure to produce subpoenaed docu-)Tj T* 0.086 Tw (ments, the officials turned over the documents and there was sub-)Tj T* 0.318 Tw (stantial or full compliance with the document demands.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 432.636 613.4094 Tm 0 Tw (95)Tj 10 0 0 10 447.2475 610.7 Tm (The )Tj -30.0248 -1.01 TD 0.144 Tw (White Houses newly-minted claim of immunity for White House )Tj T* 0.35 Tw (employees is undermined by appearances by other current and )Tj T* 0.128 Tw (former White House advisors, Ms. Taylor and Mr. Jennings, in re-)Tj T* 0.118 Tw (sponse to this Committees subpoenas related to this investigation. )Tj T* 0.098 Tw (Even President Nixon backed away from making the extreme legal )Tj T* 0.06 Tw (argument asserted by this White House. The White House Counsel, )Tj T* 0.162 Tw (John Dean, and other advisors appeared and testified before Con-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (gress during its investigation of the Watergate scandal. )Tj 1 -1.01 TD 0.082 Tw (In support of this blanket assertion of immunity, the administra-)Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.094 Tw (tion does not set forth a single court precedent. 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In addition, Judge Bates explained why )Tj T* 0.184 Tw (the administrations blanket immunity claims were an unjustified )Tj 0 -1 TD 0.154 Tw (encroachment on the constitutional powers of Congress. He wrote: )Tj T* 0.178 Tw ([I]f the Executives absolute immunity argument were to prevail, )Tj T* 0.14 Tw (Congress could be left with no recourse to obtain information that )Tj T* 0.116 Tw (is plainly )Tj /F4 1 Tf 4.7889 0 TD 0 Tw (not )Tj /F1 1 Tf 1.857 0 TD 0.116 Tw (subject to any colorable claim of executive privilege. )Tj -6.6459 -1 TD 0.058 Tw (The result, which the court concluded was unacceptable, would be )Tj T* 0.208 Tw (that the Executives proposed absolute immunity would thus de-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (prive Congress of even non-privileged information.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 389.2364 270.7095 Tm 0 Tw (98)Tj 10 0 0 10 397.8879 268.0002 Tm ( )Tj -24.0888 -1 TD 0.144 Tw (Although the administration has appealed Judge Bates decision )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.068 Tw (to the D.C. Circuit, the D.C. Circuit has specifically rejected the ar-)Tj T* 0.142 Tw (gument that OLC opinions like those cited by the White House in )Tj T* 0.096 Tw (support of its novel claims have value as legal precedent outside of )Tj T* 0.188 Tw (the executive branch itself. In Public Citizen v. Burke,)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 412.9762 220.7095 Tm 0 Tw (99)Tj 10 0 0 10 426.2877 218.0002 Tm 0.188 Tw (the gov-)Tj -27.9288 -1 TD 0.138 Tw (ernment sought to enforce an OLC opinion that obliged the Archi-)Tj T* 0.234 Tw (vist of the United States to acquiesce in any claim of executive )Tj T* 0.196 Tw (privilege asserted by the former president.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 359.2269 190.7095 Tm 0 Tw (100)Tj 10 0 0 10 376.9442 188.0002 Tm 0.196 Tw (The opinion nomi-)Tj -22.9944 -1 TD 0.1 Tw (nally interpreted regulations issued under the Presidential Record-)Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00037)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 133 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F4 7 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 135 0 obj << /Length 6284 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (38 )Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 147 165.8 m 197 165.8 l S BT 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 158.9972 Tm (101)Tj 7 0 0 7 164.2239 157.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw [(Note following 44 U.S.C. )-162.9(2111 \(1982\). )]TJ 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 151.9972 Tm 0 Tw (102)Tj 7 0 0 7 164.2239 150.1 Tm 0.1971 Tw (See Burke, 843 F.2d at 1478, \([T]he governments administrative opinion is not, in any )Tj -2.4606 -1 TD 0.0971 Tw (meaningful sense, an interpretation of the statute. The OLC memorandum is driven entirely by )Tj T* 0.0514 Tw (its constitutional reasoning\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 130.9972 Tm 0 Tw (103)Tj 7 0 0 7 164.2239 129.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (843 F.2d at 1480. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 123.9972 Tm 0 Tw (104)Tj 7 0 0 7 164.2239 122.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (Bradbury at 1. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 116.9972 Tm 0 Tw (105)Tj /F4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 164.2239 115.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (United States )Tj /F1 1 Tf 6.658 0 TD 0 Tw (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.1444 0 TD (Burr)Tj /F1 1 Tf 2.221 0 TD 0.0514 Tw (, 25 F.Cas. 187, 191 \(1807\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 109.9972 Tm 0 Tw (106)Tj /F4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 164.2239 108.1 Tm (Clinton )Tj /F1 1 Tf 3.7915 0 TD (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.1444 0 TD (Jones)Tj /F1 1 Tf 2.61 0 TD 0.0514 Tw (, 520 U.S. 681, 703706 \(1997\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 102.9972 Tm 0 Tw (107)Tj /F4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 164.2239 101.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (Senate Select Committee )Tj /F1 1 Tf 11.6895 0 TD 0 Tw (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.1444 0 TD (Nixon)Tj /F1 1 Tf 2.759 0 TD 0.0514 Tw (, 498 F.2d 725, 729 \(D.C. Cir., 1974\). )Tj 10 0 0 10 147 641 Tm 0.132 Tw (ings and Materials Act of 1974.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 297.8878 643.7094 Tm 0 Tw (101)Tj 10 0 0 10 314.9651 641 Tm 0.132 Tw (The court rejected the adminis-)Tj -16.7965 -1.01 TD 0.098 Tw (trations argument, holding that deference to executive branch doc-)Tj T* 0.16 Tw (uments occurred only where an agency was interpreting a statute )Tj T* 0.098 Tw (that it was bound to enforce and that, [t]he federal Judiciary does )Tj T* 0.176 Tw (not, however, owe deference to the Executive Branchs interpreta-)Tj T* 0.338 Tw (tion of the Constitution.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 273.6482 593.2094 Tm 0 Tw (102)Tj 10 0 0 10 292.7855 590.5001 Tm 0.338 Tw (Accordingly, the court rejected the )Tj -14.5786 -1.01 TD 0.328 Tw (OLC opinion because it is at variance with congressional pur-)Tj T* 0 Tw (pose.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 175.9096 573.0094 Tm (103)Tj 10 0 0 10 188.8869 570.3 Tm ( )Tj -3.1887 -1.01 TD 0.12 Tw (In fact, Federal court decisions contradict the White Houses im-)Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.066 Tw (munity assertion, and establish the scope of executive privilege and )Tj T* 0.116 Tw (the need for balance among the three branches of the government. )Tj T* 0.086 Tw (These decisions establish that no government official, including the )Tj T* 0.496 Tw (President, is immune from compliance with a subpoena. Mr. )Tj T* 0.162 Tw (Bradburys memo states, This immunity is absolute and may not )Tj T* 0.168 Tw (be overborne by competing congressional interests.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 396.1664 502.3094 Tm 0 Tw (104)Tj 10 0 0 10 413.6036 499.6001 Tm 0.168 Tw (This broad )Tj -26.6604 -1.01 TD 0.148 Tw (claim was struck down in the earliest days of the Republic. When )Tj T* 0.102 Tw (the privilege was first recognized during the trial of Aaron Burr in )Tj T* 0.248 Tw (1807, Chief Justice Marshall specifically stated [t]hat the presi-)Tj T* 0.15 Tw (dent of the United States may be subpoenaed, and examined as a )Tj T* 0.058 Tw (witness, and required to produce any paper in his possession, is not )Tj T* 0 Tw (controverted.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 213.859 441.7095 Tm (105)Tj 10 0 0 10 231.5163 439.0001 Tm 0.19 Tw (The Supreme Court yet again ratified this prin-)Tj -8.4516 -1.01 TD 0.06 Tw (ciple 190 years later when it held that even a sitting president may )Tj T* 0.076 Tw (be subpoenaed by a court and required to participate in a civil law-)Tj T* 0 Tw (suit.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 167.5597 411.4095 Tm (106)Tj 10 0 0 10 180.537 408.7002 Tm ( )Tj -2.3537 -1.01 TD 0.158 Tw (Moreover, Federal courts examining privilege claims have never )Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.056 Tw (endorsed the type of blanket immunity claim set forth by the White )Tj T* 0.154 Tw (House in response to congressional or court subpoenas. For exam-)Tj T* 0.168 Tw (ple, in Senate Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activi-)Tj T* 0.12 Tw (ties v. Nixon, a case involving an executive privilege claim against )Tj T* 0.172 Tw (compulsion by a congressional subpoena, the court set forth, as it )Tj T* 0.168 Tw (has in every other instance of an executive privilege claim, a bal-)Tj 0 -1 TD 0.15 Tw (ancing test of the interests involved. The court held that applying )Tj T* 0.28 Tw (the privilege depends on a weighing of the public interest pro-)Tj T* 0.2 Tw (tected by the privilege against the public interests that would be )Tj T* 0.224 Tw (served by disclosure in a particular case.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 353.9871 300.7095 Tm 0 Tw (107)Tj 10 0 0 10 371.9844 298.0002 Tm 0.224 Tw (This balancing test )Tj -22.4984 -1 TD 0.148 Tw (presupposes that the President, not to mention his aides, must be )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (able to be compelled by congressional committees to appear. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.1 Tw (The White House contends its novel claim of immunity for presi-)Tj -1 -1 TD 0.438 Tw (dential aides arises from separation of powers principles that )Tj T* 0.13 Tw (render the President immune from Congressional subpoena. These )Tj T* 0.108 Tw (claims ignore that the branches of government, while separate, act )Tj T* 0.21 Tw (as a check on each other. Courts have long recognized that Con-)Tj T* 0.178 Tw (gress has a broad, constitutionally grounded oversight power that )Tj T* 0.072 Tw (encompasses both investigations into the administration of the gov-)Tj T* 0.124 Tw (ernment and the power to compel production of information where )Tj T* 0.246 Tw (necessary. Mr. Bradburys memo relies heavily on statements by )Tj T* 0.372 Tw (President Truman in its argument and ignores that his broad )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00038)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 136 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F4 7 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 138 0 obj << /Length 7640 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (39 )Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 147 186.8 m 197 186.8 l S BT 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 179.9972 Tm (108)Tj 7 0 0 7 164.2239 178.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (343 U.S. 579 \(1952\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 172.9972 Tm 0 Tw (109)Tj 7 0 0 7 164.2239 171.1 Tm 0.1 Tw (Woodrow Wilson, Congressional Government 195, 198 \(Meridian Books 1956\) \(1885\) \(here-)Tj -2.4606 -1 TD 0.0514 Tw (after Wilson\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 158.9972 Tm 0 Tw (110)Tj 7 0 0 7 164.2239 157.1 Tm 0.2029 Tw (See, e.g., )Tj /F4 1 Tf 4.7408 0 TD 0 Tw (Hutchinson )Tj /F1 1 Tf 5.831 0 TD (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.2959 0 TD (Proxmire)Tj /F1 1 Tf 4.2211 0 TD 0.2029 Tw (, 443 U.S. 111, 132 \(1975\) \(Unless Congress have and )Tj -18.5493 -1 TD 0.2057 Tw (use every means of acquainting itself with the acts and the disposition of the administrative )Tj T* 0.0514 Tw (agents of the government, the country must be helpless to learn how it is being served\) \(quoting )Tj T* (Wilson at 303\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 130.9972 Tm 0 Tw (111)Tj /F4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 164.2239 129.1 Tm (Watkins )Tj /F1 1 Tf 4.1255 0 TD (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.1444 0 TD 0.0514 Tw (United States)Tj /F1 1 Tf 6.3285 0 TD (, 354 U.S. 178, 187 \(1957\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 123.9972 Tm 0 Tw (112)Tj /F4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 164.2239 122.1 Tm (McGrain )Tj /F1 1 Tf 4.5032 0 TD (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.1902 0 TD (Daugherty)Tj /F1 1 Tf 4.8511 0 TD 0.0971 Tw (, 273 U.S. 135, 174 \(1927\); See also Id. at 175 \(some means of com-)Tj -13.005 -1 TD 0.0514 Tw (pulsion are essential to obtain what is needed\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 109.9972 Tm 0 Tw (113)Tj /F4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 164.2239 108.1 Tm (Nixon )Tj /F1 1 Tf 3.0885 0 TD (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.1444 0 TD (Fitzgerald)Tj /F1 1 Tf 4.7581 0 TD 0.0514 Tw (, 457 U.S. 731, 753754 \(1981\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 102.9972 Tm 0 Tw (114)Tj /F4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 164.2239 101.1 Tm (Loving )Tj /F1 1 Tf 3.4965 0 TD (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.1444 0 TD 0.0514 Tw (United States)Tj /F1 1 Tf 6.3285 0 TD (, 517 U.S. 748, 757 \(1996\). )Tj 10 0 0 10 147 641 Tm 0.38 Tw (claims of presidential authority were rebuffed by the Supreme )Tj 0 -1 TD 0.052 Tw (Court in the Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 402.8261 633.7094 Tm 0 Tw (108)Tj 10 0 0 10 415.8034 631 Tm ( )Tj -25.8803 -1 TD 0.052 Tw (Another president, Woodrow Wilson, observed: )Tj 2 -1.4 TD 0.122 Tw (Quite as important as legislation is vigilant oversight of )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.176 Tw (administration; and even more important than legislation )Tj T* 0.238 Tw (is the instruction and guidance in political affairs which )Tj T* 0.218 Tw (the people might receive from a body which kept all na-)Tj T* 0.146 Tw (tional concerns suffused in a broad daylight of discussion. )Tj T* 0.246 Tw [(.)-556(.)-556(.)0( The informing functions of Congress should be pre-)]TJ T* 0.052 Tw (ferred even to its legislative function.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 341.8274 549.7094 Tm 0 Tw (109)Tj 10 0 0 10 354.8047 547 Tm ( )Tj -20.7805 -1.4 TD 0.344 Tw (Unlike President Truman, President Wilson has been favorably )Tj 0 -1 TD 0.056 Tw (quoted on this point by the Supreme Court,)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 351.3069 525.7093 Tm 0 Tw (110)Tj 10 0 0 10 367.6242 523 Tm 0.056 Tw (and has had his fun-)Tj -22.0624 -1 TD 0.214 Tw (damental pointthat the Congress has a constitutional oversight )Tj T* 0.27 Tw (power and dutyupheld by numerous courts on numerous occa-)Tj T* 0.184 Tw (sions. The power of the Congress to conduct investigations is in-)Tj T* 0.338 Tw (herent in the legislative process. That power is broad.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 427.9761 485.7094 Tm 0 Tw (111)Tj 10 0 0 10 447.1134 483 Tm (The )Tj -30.0113 -1 TD 0.202 Tw (Court in McGrain v. Daugherty went further: We are of opinion )Tj T* 0.134 Tw (that the power of inquirywith process to enforce itis an essen-)Tj T* 0.23 Tw (tial and appropriate auxiliary to the legislative function.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 429.8259 455.7094 Tm 0 Tw (112)Tj 10 0 0 10 447.8832 453 Tm (Not )Tj -30.0883 -1 TD 0.164 Tw (only is the power of inquiry essential to the function of Congress, )Tj T* 0.112 Tw (the power of inquiry cannot exist without a means to compel testi-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (mony and production of documents. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.228 Tw (The Supreme Court ruled in Nixon v. Fitzgerald: It is settled )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.092 Tw (law that the separation-of-powers doctrine does not bar every exer-)Tj T* 0.084 Tw (cise of jurisdiction over the President of the United States.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 430.5158 395.7094 Tm 0 Tw (113)Tj 10 0 0 10 447.1131 393 Tm (The )Tj -30.0113 -1 TD 0.076 Tw (Court has also stated that [e]ven when a branch does not arrogate )Tj T* 0.394 Tw (power to itself, moreover, the separation-of-powers doctrine re-)Tj T* 0.154 Tw (quires that a branch not impair another in the performance of its )Tj T* 0.178 Tw (constitutional duties.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 252.6984 355.7094 Tm 0 Tw (114)Tj 10 0 0 10 270.2357 353 Tm 0.178 Tw (The White House provides no answer to )Tj -12.3236 -1 TD 0.264 Tw (the Supreme Court precedence demonstrating that Congress has )Tj T* 0.18 Tw (the power to compel testimony and production of documents from )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (government officials in the course of its investigations. )Tj 0 -1.8 TD 0.11 Tw (VIII. C)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 180.3095 305 Tm 0 Tw (ONTINUED)Tj 10 0 0 10 230.5648 305 Tm (N)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 238.7147 305 Tm (ON)Tj 10 0 0 10 251.4585 305 Tm (-C)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 262.0083 305 Tm (OMPLIANCE)Tj 10 0 0 10 317.4395 305 Tm (D)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 325.2194 305 Tm [(ESPITE)-485(THE)]TJ 10 0 0 10 381.2747 305 Tm (D)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 389.0546 305 Tm (ISTRICT)Tj 10 0 0 10 426.7101 305 Tm (C)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 433.93 305 Tm (OURT)Tj 10 0 0 10 457.7856 305 Tm ()Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 459.8256 305 Tm (S)Tj 10 0 0 10 464.8655 305 Tm ( )Tj -30.7866 -1 TD (D)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 164.7799 295 Tm [(ECISION)-570(IN)]TJ 10 0 0 10 219.5232 295 Tm (H)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 227.8531 295 Tm (OUSE)Tj 10 0 0 10 255.9727 295 Tm (J)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 261.5326 295 Tm (UDICIARY)Tj 10 0 0 10 308.308 295 Tm (C)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 315.5279 295 Tm (OMMITTEE)Tj 10 0 0 10 366.8951 295 Tm (L)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 373.5651 295 Tm (AWSUIT)Tj 10 0 0 10 411.9005 295 Tm (D)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 419.6804 295 Tm (ISMISSING)Tj 10 0 0 10 464.8638 295 Tm ( )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 157 285 Tm (THE)Tj 10 0 0 10 184.9357 285 Tm (A)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 192.1556 285 Tm (DMINISTRATION)Tj 10 0 0 10 262.2266 285 Tm ()Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 264.2665 285 Tm (S)Tj 10 0 0 10 279.4665 285 Tm (I)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 283.5364 285 Tm [(MMUNITY)-1270(AND)]TJ 10 0 0 10 364.7434 285 Tm (B)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 371.9633 285 Tm (LANKET)Tj 10 0 0 10 417.0908 285 Tm (P)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 423.7607 285 Tm (RIVILEGE)Tj 10 0 0 10 464.9361 285 Tm ( )Tj -30.7936 -1 TD (C)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 164.2199 275 Tm (LAIMS)Tj 10 0 0 10 191.1795 275 Tm ( )Tj -3.4179 -1.6 TD 0.154 Tw (As part of its parallel investigation into the hiring and firing of )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.224 Tw (U.S. Attorneys, the House Judiciary Committee, on behalf of the )Tj T* 0.072 Tw (House of Representatives, has pursued a civil suit seeking an order )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (that former White House Counsel Harriet Miers comply with a sub-)Tj T* 0.064 Tw (poena to appear and testify regarding the U.S. Attorney firings and )Tj T* 0.124 Tw (that White House Chief of Staff Joshua Bolten produce a privilege )Tj T* 0.15 Tw (log in response to the House Judiciary Committee subpoena. That )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00039)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 139 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F4 7 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 141 0 obj << /Length 4789 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (40 )Tj -15.344 -2 TD 0.156 Tw (suit, challenging the administrations claims of absolute immunity )Tj 0 -1 TD 0.146 Tw (for presidential advisors and blanket claims of executive privilege, )Tj T* 0.304 Tw (involves issues similar to those at issue in the administrations )Tj T* 0.09 Tw (non-compliance with this Committees subpoenas. The sole decision )Tj T* 0.218 Tw (on the merits in that suit, issued by Judge Bates of the District )Tj T* 0.21 Tw (Court for the District of Columbia on July 31, 2008, reached the )Tj T* 0.25 Tw (same conclusion as Chairman Leahys November 29, 2007 order, )Tj T* 0.264 Tw (that the White Houses executive privilege and immunity claims )Tj T* 0.196 Tw (were not legally valid to excuse compliance with the Committees )Tj T* 0 Tw (subpoenas. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.202 Tw (On July 25, 2007, after the failure of the administration to co-)Tj -1 -1 TD 0.378 Tw (operate voluntarily or under compulsion by subpoena with the )Tj T* 0.198 Tw (House Judiciary Committees investigation into the U.S. Attorney )Tj T* 0.062 Tw (firings, the House Judiciary Committee adopted a resolution of con-)Tj T* 0.372 Tw (tempt against former White House Counsel Harriet Miers and )Tj T* 0.27 Tw (White House Chief of Staff Joshua Bolten. After continued non- )Tj T* 0.19 Tw (compliance with the subpoenas, on February 14, 2008, the House )Tj T* 0.12 Tw (voted 22332 to hold Ms. Miers and Mr. Bolten in contempt, pass-)Tj T* 0.282 Tw (ing resolutions to pursue both criminal contempt charges and a )Tj T* 0.12 Tw (civil action in Federal court for declaratory and injunctive relief to )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (obtain compliance with the subpoenas. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.194 Tw (On February 28, 2008, Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi cer-)Tj -1 -1 TD 0.268 Tw (tified the contempt report to District of Columbia U.S. Attorney )Tj T* 0.23 Tw [(Jeffrey A. Taylor, directing him pursuant to 2 U.S.C. )-168(192 and )]TJ T* 0.09 Tw (194 to present contempt charges against Mr. Bolten and Ms. Miers )Tj T* 0.108 Tw (to a grand jury. On February 29, 2008, Attorney General Mukasey )Tj T* 0.136 Tw (informed Speaker Pelosi that the Department refused to bring the )Tj T* 0.198 Tw (contempt charges before a grand jury or take any action to pros-)Tj T* 0.232 Tw (ecute Mr. Bolten or Ms. Miers. Accordingly, the House Judiciary )Tj T* 0.124 Tw (Committee filed a civil action in the District Court for the District )Tj T* 0.072 Tw (of Columbia for declaratory and injunctive relief to enforce the sub-)Tj T* 0 Tw (poenas. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.39 Tw (On July 31, 2008, Judge Bates rejected the administrations )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.136 Tw (claim that senior White House officials are not required to comply )Tj T* 0.184 Tw (with congressional subpoenas. As in Chairman Leahys November )Tj T* 0.468 Tw (29, 2007, order finding the administrations novel immunity )Tj T* 0.124 Tw (claims without any legal or historical precedence, Judge Bates de-)Tj T* 0.122 Tw (cision found: Executives current claim of absolute immunity from )Tj T* 0.392 Tw (compelled congressional process for senior presidential aides is )Tj T* 0.114 Tw (without any support in the case law. In addition, Judge Bates ex-)Tj T* 0.082 Tw (plained why the administrations blanket immunity claims were an )Tj T* 0.1 Tw (unjustified encroachment on the constitutional powers of Congress. )Tj T* 0.202 Tw (He wrote: [I]f the Executives absolute immunity argument were )Tj T* 0.26 Tw (to prevail, Congress could be left with no recourse to obtain in-)Tj T* 0.104 Tw (formation that is plainly )Tj /F4 1 Tf 12.0108 0 TD 0 Tw (not )Tj /F1 1 Tf 1.845 0 TD 0.104 Tw (subject to any colorable claim of exec-)Tj -13.8558 -1 TD 0.274 Tw (utive privilege. The result, which the court concluded was un-)Tj T* 0.198 Tw (acceptable, would be that the Executives proposed absolute im-)Tj T* 0.188 Tw (munity would thus deprive Congress of even non-privileged infor-)Tj T* 0 Tw (mation. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.228 Tw (Judge Bates decision also undercut the White Houses blanket )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.232 Tw (claims of privilege without substantiation. In the courts opinion, )Tj T* 0.1 Tw (Judge Bates wrote that clear precedent and persuasive policy rea-)Tj T* 0.282 Tw (sons confirm that the Executive cannot be the judge of its own )Tj T* 0.112 Tw (privilege and that both the Court and the parties will need some )Tj T* 0.376 Tw (way to evaluate the privilege assertions going forward. Judge )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00040)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 142 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F4 7 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 144 0 obj << /Length 4695 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (41 )Tj -15.344 -2 TD 0.2 Tw (Bates opinion validates the Committees requests for over a year )Tj 0 -1 TD 0.138 Tw (for the White House to provide the specific legal and factual basis )Tj T* 0.058 Tw (for its privilege so that the Committee can probe the basis for those )Tj T* 0.32 Tw (claims and their validity rather than rely on the say-so of the )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (Presidents lawyers. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.08 Tw (Judge Bates opinion also recounted the efforts taken by both the )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.192 Tw (House and Senate Judiciary Committees to reach an accommoda-)Tj T* 0.174 Tw (tion with the administration which have been to no avail in light )Tj T* 0.166 Tw (of the administrations continued reliance on its initial take it or )Tj T* 0.224 Tw (leave it proposal for off-the-record, backroom interviews with no )Tj T* 0.154 Tw (transcript, no oath, and no ability to follow up, which would deny )Tj T* 0.198 Tw (Congress the ability to fulfill its legislative and oversight respon-)Tj T* 0 Tw (sibilities. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.208 Tw (On July 31, 2008, after Judge Bates issued his opinion, Chair-)Tj -1 -1 TD 0.106 Tw (man Leahy sent letters to Mr. Roves attorney, Robert Luskin, and )Tj T* 0.08 Tw (White House Counsel Fred Fielding, instructing them to advise the )Tj T* 0.142 Tw (Committee by August 7 when Mr. Rove and Mr. Bolten would ap-)Tj T* 0.07 Tw (pear to provide documents and testimony related to the mass firing )Tj T* 0.19 Tw (of U.S. Attorneys. Chairman Leahy also sent a letter to Attorney )Tj T* 0.396 Tw (General Michael Mukasey asking when the Department would )Tj T* 0.284 Tw (withdraw memoranda and opinions justifying the White Houses )Tj T* 0.416 Tw (non-compliance with the subpoenas, including the memos pur-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (porting to justify the claim of immunity from testifying. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.168 Tw (On August 7, 2008, Mr. Bolten and Ms. Miers requested a stay )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.066 Tw (of Judge Bates decision pending an appeal and White House Coun-)Tj T* 0.196 Tw (sel Fred Fielding responded to Chairman Leahy that, despite the )Tj T* 0.142 Tw (courts order, the White House would await the outcome of an ap-)Tj T* 0.088 Tw (peal and a request to stay the decision before entertaining any re-)Tj T* 0.104 Tw (quests for Mr. Boltens compliance with the Senate Judiciary Com-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (mittee subpoena. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.062 Tw (Chairman Leahy responded to Mr. Fieldings letter on August 14, )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.234 Tw (2008, again seeking compliance with the Committees subpoenas, )Tj T* 0.34 Tw (stating that the White Houses continued reliance on unprece-)Tj T* 0.106 Tw (dented immunity claims places the administration starkly at odds )Tj T* 0.09 Tw (with Congress, the Federal court, and the rule of law. In addition, )Tj T* 0.126 Tw (Chairman Leahy pointed out that the administration has made no )Tj T* 0.244 Tw (proposals since the initial unacceptable offer in March 2007 and )Tj T* 0.166 Tw (taken no steps toward compliance with the Judiciary Committees )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (subpoenas or with the courts order. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.238 Tw (On October 6, 2008, the Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.072 Tw (granted the administrations motion for a stay of Judge Bates deci-)Tj T* 0.142 Tw (sion and refused to expedite the appeal. Accordingly, Judge Bates )Tj T* 0.234 Tw (July 31, 2008, decision rejecting the administrations position re-)Tj T* 0.122 Tw (mains the only one on the merits. On October 16, 2008, Chairman )Tj T* 0.186 Tw (Leahy received the Departments belated response to his July 31, )Tj T* 0.132 Tw (2008, letter to Attorney General Michael Mukasey asking whether )Tj T* 0.394 Tw (he would be withdrawing the Departments memorandum sup-)Tj T* 0.44 Tw (porting the now-rejected immunity claim. The Department re-)Tj T* 0.088 Tw (sponded that, in light of the D.C. Circuits stay of the district court )Tj T* 0.062 Tw (decision, the Office of Legal Counsel memorandum on immunity re-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (mains authoritative. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.172 Tw (The effects of the White Houses assertions of privilege and im-)Tj -1 -1 TD 0.14 Tw (munity have been unmistakableamounting to the withholding of )Tj T* 0.436 Tw (critical evidence related to the congressional investigation. All )Tj T* 0.074 Tw (along, the administration has contended that their blanket claim of )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00041)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 145 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 148 0 obj << /Length 5983 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (42 )Tj -15.344 -2 TD 0.166 Tw (privilege and immunity cannot be tested but must be accepted by )Tj 0 -0.99 TD 0.154 Tw (the Congress as the last word. The administration maintains that )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (position despite a resounding rejection by Judge Bates. )Tj 0 -1.79 TD 0.55 Tw (IX. D)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 176.9496 603.3 Tm 0 Tw [(EPARTMENT)-1035(OF)]TJ 10 0 0 10 258.2526 603.3 Tm (J)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 263.8126 603.3 Tm (USTICE)Tj 10 0 0 10 295.5161 603.3 Tm ()Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 297.556 603.3 Tm (S)Tj 10 0 0 10 310.876 603.3 Tm (I)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 314.9459 603.3 Tm (NTERNAL)Tj 10 0 0 10 364.2653 603.3 Tm (I)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 368.3352 603.3 Tm (NVESTIGATION)Tj 10 0 0 10 441.6542 603.3 Tm (C)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 448.8741 603.3 Tm (ON)Tj 10 0 0 10 461.6179 603.3 Tm (-)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 157 593.4 Tm (FIRMED)Tj 10 0 0 10 195.9395 593.4 Tm (J)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 201.4994 593.4 Tm (UDICIARY)Tj 10 0 0 10 248.7347 593.4 Tm (C)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 255.9546 593.4 Tm (OMMITTEE)Tj 10 0 0 10 302.7619 593.4 Tm ()Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 304.8019 593.4 Tm (S)Tj 10 0 0 10 314.8618 593.4 Tm (F)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 321.5317 593.4 Tm (INDINGS)Tj 10 0 0 10 363.5912 593.4 Tm (T)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 370.261 593.4 Tm (HOUGH)Tj 10 0 0 10 407.5766 593.4 Tm (I)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 411.6465 593.4 Tm [(MPEDED)-627.5(BY)]TJ 10 0 0 10 464.9618 593.4 Tm ( )Tj -30.7962 -0.99 TD (W)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 166.8098 583.5 Tm (HITE)Tj 10 0 0 10 191.1415 583.5 Tm (H)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 199.4714 583.5 Tm (OUSE)Tj 10 0 0 10 226.331 583.5 Tm (R)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 233.5509 583.5 Tm [(EFUSAL)-412.5(TO)]TJ 10 0 0 10 285.4943 583.5 Tm (C)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 292.7141 583.5 Tm (OOPERATE)Tj 10 0 0 10 338.9374 583.5 Tm ( )Tj -18.1937 -1.59 TD 0.08 Tw (On September 29, 2008, the Department of Justices Office of the )Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.248 Tw (Inspector General \(OIG\) and the Office of Professional Responsi-)Tj T* 0.186 Tw (bility \(OPR\) released a 358 page report on An Investigation into )Tj T* 0.242 Tw (the Removal of Nine U.S. Attorneys in 2006. This report stems )Tj T* 0.25 Tw (from a joint internal investigation into the U.S. Attorney firings )Tj T* 0.194 Tw (begun in March 2007. Glenn A. Fine, the Departments Inspector )Tj T* 0.208 Tw (General, and H. Marshall Jarrett, counsel for OPR, informed the )Tj T* 0.072 Tw (Judiciary Committee of the joint investigation in a March 26, 2007, )Tj T* 0.064 Tw (letter to Chairman Leahy and Ranking Member Specter. They stat-)Tj T* 0.12 Tw (ed that they intended to investigate issues related to the removals )Tj T* 0.08 Tw (of the U.S. Attorneys, including whether the removal of any of the )Tj T* 0.178 Tw (United States Attorneys was intended to interfere with or was in )Tj T* 0.158 Tw (retaliation for pursuing or failing to pursue prosecutions or inves-)Tj T* 0.06 Tw (tigations and the accuracy of statements made by various Depart-)Tj T* 0.16 Tw (ment officials to Congress about the removal of the United States )Tj T* 0.306 Tw (Attorneys. The Senate and House committees investigating the )Tj T* 0.26 Tw (firings clarified that investigation would be conducted in accord-)Tj T* 0.074 Tw (ance with OIG practices, including independence from the Attorney )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (General and making public any findings from the investigation. )Tj 1 -0.99 TD 0.794 Tw (Subsequent referrals to OIG/OPR of related matters of )Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.054 Tw (politicization of hiring and firing at the Department stemming from )Tj T* 0.072 Tw (the congressional investigation became part of the joint internal in-)Tj T* 0.118 Tw (vestigation. As a result, in addition to the September 29, 2008, re-)Tj T* 0.246 Tw (port summarized here regarding the removal of nine U.S. Attor-)Tj T* 0.188 Tw (neys in 2006, OIG/OPR issued reports on June 24, 2008, relating )Tj T* 0.164 Tw (to political hiring for career positions in the Departments Honors )Tj T* 0.152 Tw (Program and Summer Law Intern Program and on July 28, 2008, )Tj T* 0.222 Tw (relating to the use of political considerations in hiring for career )Tj T* 0.254 Tw (positions throughout the Department, including hiring for career )Tj T* 0.108 Tw (prosecutor positions in U.S. Attorneys offices, for detailee positions )Tj T* 0.226 Tw (in main Justice, and for immigration judge positions. A separate )Tj T* 0.108 Tw (report is expected detailing the findings of the OIG/OPR investiga-)Tj T* 0.07 Tw (tion into the use of political considerations for hiring and personnel )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (decisions in the Civil Rights Division. )Tj 1 -0.99 TD 0.204 Tw (The findings of September 29, 2008, report into the removal of )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.062 Tw (U.S. Attorneys echoed the findings of the Committees investigation )Tj T* 0.064 Tw (that the firings were unprecedented and that partisan political con-)Tj T* 0.176 Tw (siderations played a role in the firings. The report also concluded )Tj T* 0.084 Tw (that the firings were not the result of a few bad apples run amok )Tj T* 0.112 Tw (as suggested by some in the administration, but rather that Attor-)Tj T* 0.13 Tw (ney General Gonzales and Deputy Attorney General McNulty bore )Tj T* 0.102 Tw (primary responsibility for the deeply flawed process that led to the )Tj T* 0.25 Tw (firings because they abdicated their responsibility to adequately )Tj T* 0.166 Tw (oversee the process and to ensure that the reasons for removal of )Tj T* 0.206 Tw (each U.S. Attorney were supportable and not improper. In addi-)Tj T* 0.062 Tw (tion, the internal investigation found that they and other high-level )Tj T* 0.122 Tw (Department officials were responsible for making untruthful state-)Tj T* 0.24 Tw (ments about the removals and their role in the process. Finally, )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00042)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 149 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 151 0 obj << /Length 4727 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (43 )Tj -15.344 -2 TD 0.29 Tw (even though it was an executive branch investigation, the OIG/ )Tj 0 -1.02 TD 0.39 Tw (OPR investigation, like the Committees investigation, was im-)Tj T* 0.208 Tw (peded by the Bush administrations refusal to cooperate and pro-)Tj T* 0.198 Tw (vide documents or witnesses despite evidence pointing to the sig-)Tj T* 0.224 Tw (nificant involvement of high-level White House officials like Karl )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (Rove and former White House Counsel Harriet Miers. )Tj 1 -1.02 TD 0.088 Tw (The investigation described in the September 29, 2008, report fo-)Tj -1 -1.02 TD 0.164 Tw (cused on four areas. First, OIG/OPR investigated possible reasons )Tj T* 0.25 Tw (the U.S. Attorneys were removed including whether for partisan )Tj T* 0.2 Tw (political purposes, to influence an investigation or prosecution, or )Tj T* 0.318 Tw (for retaliation purposes. Second, the investigation examined the )Tj T* 0.106 Tw (process by which the U.S. Attorneys were selected for removal and )Tj T* 0.132 Tw (identified the persons involved in those decisions. Third, OIG/OPR )Tj T* 0.196 Tw (investigated whether Attorney General Gonzales or other Depart-)Tj T* 0.176 Tw (ment officials made misleading statements regarding the U.S. At-)Tj T* 0.228 Tw (torneys removal or attempted to influence other witnesses testi-)Tj T* 0.162 Tw (mony. Finally, OIG/OPR investigated whether the Department in-)Tj T* 0.138 Tw (tended to bypass the Senate confirmation process by replacing the )Tj T* 0.202 Tw (dismissed attorneys with interim U.S. Attorneys for an indefinite )Tj T* 0 Tw (period. )Tj 1 -1.02 TD 0.174 Tw (The OIG/OPR report found that 28 U.S. Attorneys were consid-)Tj -1 -1.02 TD 0.25 Tw (ered for removal on at least one of eight lists compiled between )Tj T* 0.172 Tw (March 2005, and the firings of seven U.S. Attorneys in December )Tj T* 0.062 Tw (2006. Of the nine U.S. Attorneys that were the subject of the inves-)Tj T* 0.11 Tw (tigation, OIG/OPR concluded that the removal of at least seven in-)Tj T* 0.172 Tw (volved impropriety as to the reasons for the removal or inconsist-)Tj T* 0.244 Tw (encies in the reasons given for removal. The following is a brief )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (summary of the findings regarding those seven: )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 269.22 349.4 Tm 0 Tw (A)Tj 10 0 0 10 274.9959 349.4 Tm (. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 281.0758 349.4 Tm [(TODD)-412.5(GRAVES)]TJ 10 0 0 10 342.7509 349.4 Tm ( )Tj -18.5751 -1.61 TD 0.242 Tw (Todd Graves, former U.S. Attorney for the Western District of )Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.122 Tw (Missouri, was asked to resign on January 24, 2006. He announced )Tj T* 0.162 Tw (his resignation on March 10, 2006 and left office March 24, 2006. )Tj T* 0.304 Tw (Until May 2007, Department witnesses represented to Congress )Tj T* 0.13 Tw (that seven U.S. Attorneys, plus Bud Cummins, were the only U.S. )Tj T* 0.198 Tw (Attorneys removed as part of the process Kyle Sampson initiated )Tj T* 0.164 Tw (in 2005 to identify and remove underperforming U.S. Attorneys. )Tj T* 0.106 Tw (No witness mentioned Todd Graves of the Western District of Mis-)Tj T* 0.13 Tw (souri. On May 9, 2007, Graves publically stated he was told to re-)Tj T* 0.18 Tw (sign in January 2006 and his removal subsequently was included )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (in the OIG/OPR investigation. )Tj 1 -1.01 TD 0.368 Tw (The only explanation offered by Department officials for Mr. )Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.07 Tw (Gravess removal, a vague recollection that an internal Department )Tj T* 0.166 Tw (investigation may have been the basis for his removal, was found )Tj T* 0.054 Tw (by OIG/OPR to have no basis. Rather, Mr. Graves appeared to have )Tj T* 0.132 Tw (been removed because of complaints to the White House Counsels )Tj T* 0.076 Tw (Office by Senator Bonds staff regarding his decision not to respond )Tj T* 0.158 Tw (to a demand from Senator Bonds staff member to get involved in )Tj T* 0.122 Tw (a personnel decision in Representative Sam Gravess congressional )Tj T* 0.066 Tw (office. The investigation into Mr. Gravess removal was hindered by )Tj T* 0.126 Tw (the failure of Mr. Sampson and Ms. Goodling to recall the reasons )Tj T* 0.232 Tw (for Mr. Gravess removal, by Ms. Goodlings refused to cooperate )Tj T* 0.384 Tw (with the investigations, by the refusal of former White House )Tj T* 0.074 Tw (Counsel Harriet Miers and other White House officials to cooperate )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00043)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 152 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 154 0 obj << /Length 4991 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (44 )Tj -15.344 -2 TD 0.144 Tw (with the investigations, and by the absence of any documents me-)Tj 0 -1.02 TD 0.052 Tw (morializing the justifications for Mr. Gravess removal. )Tj 1 -1.02 TD 0.388 Tw (The report concludes that the Departments handling of Mr. )Tj -1 -1.02 TD 0.082 Tw (Graves removal was inappropriate because: The Department failed )Tj T* 0.094 Tw (to fulfill its responsibility to protect its independence and the inde-)Tj T* 0.184 Tw (pendence of Federal prosecutors by ensuring that otherwise effec-)Tj T* 0.112 Tw (tive U.S. Attorneys are not removed for improper political reasons. )Tj T* 0.158 Tw (Nobody in the Department accepted responsibility for the decision )Tj T* 0.3 Tw (to remove Mr. Graves, and nobody consulted with the Attorney )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (General about the decision to tell a U.S. Attorney to resign. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 253.32 533.1 Tm 0 Tw (B)Tj 10 0 0 10 259.0959 533.1 Tm (. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 265.1758 533.1 Tm (H)Tj 10 0 0 10 271.8397 533.1 Tm (.)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 274.6197 533.1 Tm (E)Tj 10 0 0 10 280.3956 533.1 Tm 0.052 Tw (. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 290.5554 533.1 Tm 0 Tw (BUD)Tj 10 0 0 10 309.0751 533.1 Tm ( )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 316.455 533.1 Tm (CUMMINS)Tj 10 0 0 10 358.6704 533.1 Tm ( )Tj -20.167 -1.61 TD 0.168 Tw (H.E. Bud Cummins, the former U.S. Attorney for the Eastern )Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.088 Tw (District of Arkansas, was asked to resign in June 2006. He was re-)Tj T* 0.204 Tw (placed by Timothy Griffin in December 2006. The replacement of )Tj T* 0.08 Tw (Mr. Cummins by Mr. Griffin gave rise to allegations that the firing )Tj T* 0.162 Tw (was improper and that the Department was attempting to bypass )Tj T* 0.178 Tw (the Senate confirmation process by appointing Griffin the interim )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (U.S. Attorney for an indefinite term. )Tj 1 -1.01 TD 0.096 Tw (The Department initially stated that Mr. Cummins was included )Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.076 Tw (on its initial list of weak U.S. Attorneys because he was mediocre )Tj T* 0.062 Tw (and an underperformer. In fact, Mr. Cummins was considered to be )Tj T* 0.13 Tw (one of the top five U.S. Attorneys in the country. The two Depart-)Tj T* 0.234 Tw (ment evaluations of Mr. Cummins office were positive about his )Tj T* 0.166 Tw (management of the office and his adherence to Department prior-)Tj T* 0.138 Tw (ities. The investigation found that Mr. Cummins was not removed )Tj T* 0.076 Tw (for performance reasons. His performance was never evaluated and )Tj T* 0.248 Tw (no Department leader had suggested Mr. Cummins performance )Tj T* 0.128 Tw (was lacking. Rather, the evidence showed the main reason for Mr. )Tj T* 0.12 Tw (Cummins removal and timing of the removal was to provide a po-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (sition for the former White House employee, Mr. Griffin. )Tj 1 -1.01 TD 0.254 Tw (The investigation also found that following Mr. Cummins res-)Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.15 Tw (ignation and the announcement of Mr. Griffin as his replacement, )Tj T* 0.26 Tw (senior Department leaders made a series of conflicting and mis-)Tj T* 0.072 Tw (leading statements about Mr. Cummins removal. The OIG/OPR in-)Tj T* 0.134 Tw (vestigation into the removal of Mr. Cummins was hindered by the )Tj T* 0.122 Tw (refusal of former White House employees to cooperate with the in-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (vestigations even though they had relevant information. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 264.92 248.4001 Tm 0 Tw (C)Tj 10 0 0 10 270.6959 248.4001 Tm (. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 276.7758 248.4001 Tm [(DAVID)-412.5(IGLESIAS)]TJ 10 0 0 10 347.0348 248.4001 Tm ( )Tj -19.0035 -1.61 TD 0.066 Tw (David Iglesias, former U.S. Attorney for the District of New Mex-)Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.058 Tw (ico was asked to resign on December 7, 2006. The Department stat-)Tj T* 0.084 Tw (ed Mr. Iglesias was removed because he was underperforming, was )Tj T* 0.21 Tw (an absentee landlord who was physically away a fair amount of )Tj T* 0.53 Tw (time, and the Department received a complaint by Senator )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (Domenici that he doesnt move cases. )Tj 1 -1.01 TD 0.09 Tw (The OIG/OPR investigation into Mr. Iglesiass removal was ham-)Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.054 Tw (pered and is not complete because key witnesses declined to cooper-)Tj T* 0.16 Tw (ate with their investigation. Specifically, former White House offi-)Tj T* 0.184 Tw (cials Harriet Miers and Karl Rove and Senator Domenici and his )Tj T* 0.148 Tw (Chief of Staff refused requests for interviews as part of the inves-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (tigation. Further, the White House would not provide the investiga-)Tj T* 0.258 Tw (tion with any internal documents and emails relating to the re-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (moval of Mr. Iglesias. )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00044)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 155 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 157 0 obj << /Length 4823 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (45 )Tj -14.344 -2 TD 0.304 Tw (The investigation found that the Departments allegation that )Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.064 Tw (Mr. Iglesias was an absentee manager who had delegated too much )Tj T* 0.172 Tw (authority to his first assistant was an after-the-fact justification )Tj T* 0.2 Tw (for Mr. Iglesiass termination and not a reason he was placed on )Tj T* 0.244 Tw (the removal list. Rather, the evidence shows that Kyle Sampson )Tj T* 0.174 Tw (placed Mr. Iglesias on a list for removal due to complaints to the )Tj T* 0.19 Tw (Department of Justice and the White House by Republican mem-)Tj T* 0.226 Tw (bers of the Congress and party activists from New Mexico about )Tj T* 0.194 Tw (Mr. Iglesiass handling of voter fraud and public corruption cases )Tj T* 0.184 Tw (in the state. Once Mr. Iglesias was on the list, no senior Depart-)Tj T* 0.078 Tw (ment leaders questioned his inclusion or asked that he be taken off )Tj T* 0.056 Tw (the list. Thus, Mr. Iglesias was fired because of complaints by polit-)Tj T* 0.286 Tw (ical officials, who had a political interest in the outcome of the )Tj T* 0.186 Tw (voter fraud and corruption cases. The report found that these ac-)Tj T* 0.106 Tw (tions were an abdication of senior Department leaders responsibil-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (ities, independence and integrity. )Tj 1 -0.99 TD 0.204 Tw (Based on inability of investigators to compel the cooperation of )Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.224 Tw (key witnesses and obtain White House documents, several unan-)Tj T* 0.14 Tw (swered questions regarding Mr. Iglesiass removal remain. Accord-)Tj T* 0.104 Tw (ingly, OIG/OPR recommended that the Attorney General appoint a )Tj T* 0.13 Tw (special counsel to investigate why Mr. Iglesias, and the other U.S. )Tj 0 -1 TD 0.202 Tw (Attorneys, were removed, whether Mr. Sampson or other Depart-)Tj T* 0.1 Tw (ment officials made false statements to Congress or to Department )Tj T* 0.184 Tw (investigators about the reasons for the removal of Mr. Iglesias or )Tj T* 0.252 Tw (the other U.S. Attorneys, and whether Federal criminal statutes )Tj T* 0.254 Tw (were violated with regard to the removal of Iglesias. The report )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (states that interviews with witnesses who refused to cooperate with )Tj T* 0.194 Tw (the investigation, such as Mr. Rove, Ms. Goodling and Ms. Miers )Tj T* 0.188 Tw (and a review of White House documents would provide more evi-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (dence to whether Mr. Sampson or others made false statements. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 263.38 337 Tm 0 Tw (D)Tj 10 0 0 10 269.6039 337 Tm (. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 275.6838 337 Tm [(DANIEL)-412.5(BOGDEN)]TJ 10 0 0 10 348.6147 337 Tm ( )Tj -19.1615 -1.6 TD 0.118 Tw (Daniel Bogden, former U.S. Attorney for Nevada, was told to re-)Tj -1 -1 TD 0.186 Tw (sign on December 7, 2006, announced his resignation on January )Tj T* 0.27 Tw (17, 2007, and left office on February 28, 2007. The Department )Tj T* 0.286 Tw (stated Mr. Bogden was removed because he lacked energy and )Tj T* 0.084 Tw (leadership, and was good on guns but not good on obscenity cases. )Tj T* 0.24 Tw (The Department also proffered that he was removed for using a )Tj T* 0.174 Tw (provision of the Patriot Act to obtain evidence in a criminal case. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.21 Tw (The OIG/OPR investigation found no support for the allegation )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.096 Tw (that Mr. Bodgen was told to resign due to the Patriot Act incident. )Tj T* 0.322 Tw (The investigation determined that the primary reason that Mr. )Tj T* 0.166 Tw (Bogden was placed on the removal list was because of complaints )Tj T* 0.08 Tw (to the Department by Brend Ward, the head of the Obscenity Pros-)Tj T* 0.056 Tw (ecution Task Force, about Mr. Bogdens decision not to assign a Ne-)Tj T* 0.108 Tw (vada prosecutor to a Task Force case. It appears, however, that no )Tj T* 0.232 Tw (Department official other than Mr. Sampson knew that justifica-)Tj T* 0.192 Tw (tion for Mr. Bodgens listing and were instead led to believe that )Tj T* 0.156 Tw (his inclusion on the list for removal was because he was a medi-)Tj T* 0.062 Tw (ocre U.S. Attorney and the Department could do better. Attorney )Tj T* 0.124 Tw (General Gonzales and Deputy Attorney General McNulty were ap-)Tj T* 0.278 Tw (parently never informed of the real reason for Mr. Bodgens re-)Tj T* 0 Tw (moval. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.458 Tw (The investigation concluded that Mr. Bogdens removal was )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.094 Tw (troubling because neither Sampson nor any other Department of-)Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00045)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 158 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 160 0 obj << /Length 4712 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (46 )Tj -15.344 -2 TD 0.074 Tw (ficial involved in the removal process asked for Mr. Bogdens expla-)Tj 0 -1.02 TD 0.298 Tw (nation about Mr. Wards complaint, no Department official ever )Tj T* 0.054 Tw (raised concerns or objectively assessed Mr. Bodgens performance to )Tj T* 0.136 Tw (determine whether he was in fact mediocre prior to his removal, )Tj T* 0.076 Tw (Deputy Attorney General McNultys qualms about Mr. Bogdens re-)Tj T* 0.082 Tw (moval appear to have been quashed by his marital status or family )Tj T* 0.154 Tw (status, and Attorney General Gonzales and Deputy Attorney Gen-)Tj T* 0.218 Tw (eral McNulty stated they did not know why Mr. Bogden was re-)Tj T* 0 Tw (moved. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 263.22 543.2 Tm (E)Tj 10 0 0 10 268.9959 543.2 Tm (. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 275.0758 543.2 Tm [(PAUL)-412.5(CHARLTON)]TJ 10 0 0 10 348.7508 543.2 Tm ( )Tj -19.1751 -1.61 TD 0.178 Tw (Paul Charlton, the former U.S. Attorney for the District of Ari-)Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.246 Tw (zona, was instructed to resign December 7, 2006, announced his )Tj T* 0.07 Tw (resignation on December 18, 2006, and left office January 30, 2007. )Tj T* 0.08 Tw (The Department provided the following reasons for his removal: \(1\) )Tj T* 0.244 Tw (Mr. Charlton advocated for additional resources for his office di-)Tj T* 0.264 Tw (rectly with Senator Kyl; \(2\) Mr. Charlton instituted a policy for )Tj T* 0.184 Tw (tape recording interrogations; \(3\) Mr. Charlton did not timely file )Tj T* 0.22 Tw (a notice that the Department would seek the death penalty in a )Tj T* 0.064 Tw (particular case; and \(4\) Mr. Charlton refused to prosecute obscenity )Tj T* 0 Tw (cases. )Tj 1 -1.01 TD 0.16 Tw (The OIG/OPR investigation called into question the propriety of )Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.112 Tw (what it found to be the two primary reasons for Mr. Charltons re-)Tj T* 0.162 Tw (moval. Regarding the first of these reasons, Mr. Charltons imple-)Tj T* 0.358 Tw (mentation of a pilot program for tape recording interrogations, )Tj T* 0.156 Tw (Deputy Attorney General McNulty testified that while he did find )Tj T* 0.194 Tw (Mr. Charltons actions insubordinate, he would not have removed )Tj T* 0.248 Tw (Mr. Charlton based on an attempt to implement the policy. The )Tj T* 0.116 Tw (second reason for Mr. Charltons removal, the one described in the )Tj T* 0.324 Tw (report as the most significant factor in his removal, was Mr. )Tj T* 0.15 Tw (Charltons efforts to re-evaluate the Departments decision to seek )Tj T* 0.314 Tw (the death penalty in a specific case. The report concluded that )Tj T* 0.226 Tw (these efforts were not insubordination or inappropriate, but war-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (ranted given the magnitude of the Departments decision. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 271.24 288.8001 Tm 0 Tw (F)Tj 10 0 0 10 276.5759 288.8001 Tm (. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 282.6558 288.8001 Tm [(JOHN)-412.5(MCKAY)]TJ 10 0 0 10 340.771 288.8001 Tm ( )Tj -18.3771 -1.61 TD 0.25 Tw (John McKay, former U.S. Attorney for the Western District of )Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.124 Tw (Washington, was asked to resign on December 7, 2006, announced )Tj T* 0.182 Tw (his resignation on December 14, 2006, and left office January 26, )Tj T* 0.132 Tw (2007. The Department proffered that Mr. McKay was removed be-)Tj T* 0.324 Tw (cause he was enthusiastic but temperamental, made promises )Tj T* 0.138 Tw (about information sharing that the Department could not support, )Tj T* 0.37 Tw (was overly aggressive in seeking resources to investigate the )Tj T* 0.11 Tw (murder of an Assistant U.S. Attorney, his districts sentencing sta-)Tj T* 0.062 Tw (tistics were out of line and was resistant to Department leadership. )Tj T* 0.22 Tw (According to media reports, Mr. McKay was removed because he )Tj T* 0.218 Tw (failed to investigate voter fraud claims following the 2004 Wash-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (ington State governors race. )Tj 1 -1.01 TD 0.212 Tw (Although the OIG/OPR report concludes that the evidence sug-)Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.118 Tw (gests the primary reason for Mr. McKays removal was his conflict )Tj T* 0.154 Tw (with Deputy Attorney General McNulty over an information shar-)Tj T* 0.172 Tw (ing program, the investigation could not make a conclusive deter-)Tj T* 0.118 Tw (mination as to the reasons for Mr. McKays removal. Based on the )Tj T* 0.114 Tw (evidence, OIG/OPR could not determine whether or not complaints )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00046)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 161 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 163 0 obj << /Length 4611 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (47 )Tj -15.344 -2 TD 0.112 Tw (of Mr. McKays handling of the voter fraud cases caused him to be )Tj 0 -1.02 TD 0 Tw (removed. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 274.42 614.6 Tm (G)Tj 10 0 0 10 280.6439 614.6 Tm (. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 286.7238 614.6 Tm [(CAROL)-412.5(LAM)]TJ 10 0 0 10 337.5751 614.6 Tm ( )Tj -18.0575 -1.62 TD 0.302 Tw (Carol Lam, former U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of )Tj -1 -1.02 TD 0.17 Tw (California was asked to resign on December 7, 2006. The Depart-)Tj T* 0.162 Tw (ment stated that Lam was removed because of her districts pros-)Tj T* 0.104 Tw (ecution of firearm and immigration cases. During the OIG/OPR in-)Tj T* 0.162 Tw (vestigation, an additional justification emerged that Ms. Lam was )Tj T* 0.518 Tw (removed because of her offices investigation of Congressman )Tj T* 0.128 Tw (Randy Duke Cunningham and Central Intelligence Agency \(CIA\) )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (official Kyle Dusty Foggo. )Tj 1 -1.02 TD 0.228 Tw (The investigation concluded that the Departments actions sur-)Tj -1 -1.02 TD 0.206 Tw (rounding Ms. Lams removal provide a clear example of the dis-)Tj T* 0.096 Tw (organized removal process and lack of oversight over that process. )Tj T* 0.058 Tw (In particular, OIG/OPR found it inappropriate that the Department )Tj T* 0.096 Tw (never discussed with Ms. Lam her offices statistics in gun and im-)Tj T* 0.136 Tw (migration cases prior to her removal and did not provide her with )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (an explanation as to why she was removed. )Tj 1 -1.02 TD 0.152 Tw (Overall, the OIG/OPR report concluded that the process used to )Tj -1 -1.02 TD 0.136 Tw (remove the nine U.S. Attorneys in 2006 was unsystematic and ar-)Tj T* 0.09 Tw (bitrary with little oversight from the Attorney General, the Deputy )Tj T* 0.064 Tw (Attorney General or other senior Department officials. The U.S. At-)Tj T* 0.12 Tw (torneys did not have an opportunity to address the concerns about )Tj T* 0.294 Tw (their performance prior to their removal and Department state-)Tj T* 0.202 Tw (ments explaining why they were removed were inconsistent, mis-)Tj T* 0.226 Tw (leading and inaccurate. The report concluded that Attorney Gen-)Tj T* 0.086 Tw (eral Gonzales and Deputy Attorney General McNulty are primarily )Tj T* 0.066 Tw (responsible for the Departments actions because they failed to ade-)Tj T* 0.286 Tw (quately oversee the process and ensure the reasons for removal )Tj 0 -1.01 TD 0.074 Tw (were proper. Other Department officials are responsible for making )Tj T* 0.302 Tw (untruthful statements about the removals and their role in the )Tj T* 0 Tw (process. )Tj 1 -1.01 TD 0.134 Tw (While the investigation was able to verify some of the facts sur-)Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.08 Tw (rounding the removals, there are still gaps in the investigation due )Tj T* 0.062 Tw (to key witnesses refusing to be interviewed, including former White )Tj T* 0.094 Tw (House Deputy Chief of Staff Karl Rove, former White House Coun-)Tj T* 0.22 Tw (sel Harriet Miers, and former Deputy White House Counsel Wil-)Tj T* 0.122 Tw (liam Kelley, as well as former Department of Justice White House )Tj T* 0.166 Tw (liaison Monica Goodling, Senator Domenici and his Chief of Staff. )Tj T* 0.296 Tw (The White House also refused to allow access to internal docu-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (ments related to the removals. )Tj 1 -1.01 TD 0.088 Tw (Finally, the report concluded that further investigation is needed )Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.076 Tw (regarding the removal of David Iglesias and the allegations that he )Tj T* 0.26 Tw (was removed to influence prosecutions of voter fraud and public )Tj T* 0.088 Tw (corruption. The report recommended that the Attorney General ap-)Tj T* 0.054 Tw (point a special counsel to determine whether a criminal offense was )Tj T* 0.246 Tw (committed in connection with Iglesiass removal or testimony re-)Tj T* 0.086 Tw (lated to his removal as well as the testimony of other witnesses re-)Tj T* 0.342 Tw (lated to the U.S. Attorney removals, including former Attorney )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (General Gonzales. )Tj 1 -1.01 TD 0.19 Tw (Following the release of this report, Attorney General Mukasey )Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.246 Tw (appointed Acting U.S. Attorney Nora Dannehy of Connecticut as )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (the special prosecutor in the investigation. )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00047)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 164 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 166 0 obj << /Length 3837 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (48 )Tj -3.032 -2 TD 0.052 Tw (X. C)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 290.4597 641 Tm 0 Tw (ONCLUSION)Tj 10 0 0 10 341.8749 641 Tm ( )Tj -18.4875 -1.6 TD 0.07 Tw (The Committee reports these resolutions and the facts in support )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.376 Tw (thereof finding White House Chief of Staff Joshua Bolten and )Tj T* 0.168 Tw (former White House Deputy Chief of Staff Karl Rove in contempt )Tj T* 0.254 Tw (of Congress because of their continuing non-compliance with the )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (Committees subpoenas. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.07 Tw (The Committee has conducted this investigation into the firing of )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.072 Tw (U.S. Attorneys and politicization of hiring and firing at the Depart-)Tj T* 0.176 Tw (ment of Justice and now refers these contempt resolutions pursu-)Tj T* 0.062 Tw (ant its constitutional legislative, oversight and investigative powers )Tj T* 0.288 Tw (and in order to fulfill its responsibilities to the Senate and the )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (American people. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.092 Tw (The investigation was met initially by misleading and inaccurate )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.09 Tw (statements from Department officials regarding the reasons for the )Tj T* 0.146 Tw (firings, then by stonewalling by the White House despite evidence )Tj T* 0.118 Tw (of significant involvement by political officials at the White House, )Tj T* 0.236 Tw (and ultimately by the resignations of numerous Department and )Tj T* 0.094 Tw (White House officials, including the Attorney General. The conduct )Tj T* 0.182 Tw (of these officials has been the subject of an internal investigation )Tj T* 0.192 Tw (at the Department that has now confirmed the Committees find-)Tj T* 0.208 Tw (ings of serious wrongdoing and led to a referral of the matter to )Tj T* 0.078 Tw (a Special Prosecutor for further investigation to determine whether )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (crimes occurred. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.178 Tw (The Department of Justice engaged in the unprecedented firing )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.154 Tw (of U.S. Attorneys for political reasons and that the White Houses )Tj T* 0.126 Tw (partisan interests in the prosecution of voter fraud and public cor-)Tj T* 0.28 Tw (ruption played a role. Attorney General Gonzales and the other )Tj T* 0.304 Tw (former top officials at the Department abdicated their responsi-)Tj T* 0.26 Tw (bility to ensure the independence of law enforcement. The Com-)Tj T* 0.142 Tw (mittee has pursued this matter on a bi-partisan basis because the )Tj T* 0.328 Tw (injection of political bias into the determination of which cases )Tj T* 0.058 Tw (should be prosecuted is corrosive to the very foundations of our sys-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (tem of justice. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.418 Tw (In light of the evidence showing that White House officials )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.318 Tw (played a significant role in originating, developing, coordinating )Tj T* 0.112 Tw (and implementing these unprecedented firings and the response to )Tj T* 0.116 Tw (Congressional inquiries about it, the investigation will not be com-)Tj T* 0.076 Tw (plete without information available only from the White House and )Tj T* 0.126 Tw (from current and former White House officials. The White Houses )Tj T* 0.086 Tw (unsubstantiated blanket claims of privilege and novel claims of im-)Tj T* 0.084 Tw (munity do not trump the Committees well-established need for the )Tj T* 0.136 Tw (information it has sought about the firings and do not excuse cur-)Tj T* 0.304 Tw (rent and former White House officials from complying with the )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (Committees subpoenas. )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00048)-1076.9(Fmt 6659)-1076.9(Sfmt 6602)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 167 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 169 0 obj << /Length 4312 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 8 0 0 8 298.88 111 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (\(49\) )Tj 10 0 0 10 164.16 589 Tm 0.052 Tw (XI. MINORITY AND DISSENTING VIEWS OF SENATORS )Tj 7.484 -0.99 TD (SPECTER AND GRASSLEY )Tj -8.2 -1.59 TD 0.088 Tw (The Senate Judiciary Committees investigation into the U.S. At-)Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.102 Tw (torney removals was conducted in a largely bipartisan fashion. For )Tj T* 0.112 Tw (months during 2007, Members from both sides of the aisle pressed )Tj T* 0.148 Tw (difficult questions in a series of hearings and through letters, and )Tj T* 0.132 Tw (staff from Democrat and Republican offices participated in numer-)Tj T* 0.08 Tw (ous transcribed interviews of officials from the highest ranks of the )Tj T* 0.098 Tw (Department of Justice. We have supported Congressional oversight )Tj T* 0.184 Tw (throughout our nearly three-decades of shared tenure in the Sen-)Tj T* 0.092 Tw (ate. Accordingly, we joined with the Majority in supporting various )Tj T* 0.148 Tw (Committee subpoenas, as well as the revised contempt resolutions )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (approved by the Committee last December. )Tj 1 -0.99 TD 0.074 Tw (Although we supported the Committees efforts in the U.S. Attor-)Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.058 Tw (ney removal investigation, including the contempt resolutions voted )Tj T* 0.074 Tw (upon last year, we cannot join the Majority in this Report. We both )Tj T* 0.072 Tw (voted in favor of the contempt resolutions regarding Messrs. Bolten )Tj T* 0.142 Tw (and Rove after staff and Member consultation produced resolution )Tj T* 0.178 Tw (text that: \(1\) had bipartisan support; \(2\) identified every fact and )Tj T* 0.158 Tw (element necessary to charge contempt of Congress under 2 U.S.C. )Tj T* 0.192 Tw [()-168(194; \(3\) was consistent with Committee precedent; \(4\) contained )]TJ 0 -1 TD 0.052 Tw (no surplussage that could arguably jeopardize or undermine the en-)Tj T* 0.17 Tw (forceability of the Committees action; and \(5\) was fair to the due )Tj T* 0.104 Tw (process rights of the prospective contempt defendants. However, so )Tj T* 0.132 Tw (much time has passed that the matter is now somewhere between )Tj T* 0.292 Tw (moot and meaningless. Had there been any intention to pursue )Tj T* 0.148 Tw (Senate action, these procedural steps would have been taken soon )Tj T* (after the resolutions of contempt were approved. The filing of this )Tj T* 0.08 Tw (reportfourteen months after Attorney General Gonzales resigned, )Tj T* 0.106 Tw (eleven months after the contempt resolutions were approved and a )Tj T* 0.282 Tw (mere two months before a new administration takes officewill )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (likely prove superfluous. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.212 Tw (The Majoritys Report also strays from the neutral language of )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.394 Tw (the contempt resolutions we supported. We believe the Report )Tj T* 0.154 Tw (should have stayed within the facts voted upon by the Committee )Tj T* 0.14 Tw (last year. Additionally, we would have preferred a more measured )Tj T* 0.266 Tw (approach to the Reports factual and legal conclusions to ensure )Tj T* 0.264 Tw (both objectivity and enforceability. As the Majoritys Report cur-)Tj T* 0.106 Tw (rently stands, we cannot support it. Accordingly, we file these sup-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (plemental and dissenting views. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 169.28 179 Tm 0 Tw (A)Tj 10 0 0 10 175.0559 179 Tm (. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 181.1358 179 Tm [(THE)-412.5(FACTS)-412.5(CONTAINED)-412.5(IN)-412.5(THE)-412.5(REPORT)-412.5(VARY)-412.5(FROM)-412.5(THOSE)]TJ 10 0 0 10 442.6443 179 Tm ( )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 190.68 169 Tm [(CONSIDERED)-412.5(AND)-412.5(VOTED)-412.5(UPON)-412.5(BY)-412.5(THE)-412.5(COMMITTEE)]TJ 10 0 0 10 421.2928 169 Tm ( )Tj -26.4293 -1.6 TD 0.058 Tw (We are concerned by the many factual and legal assertions in the )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.258 Tw (Report that are not reflected in the Committees findings in the )Tj T* 0.38 Tw (Resolutions. This variance is not insignificant and could cause )Tj T* 0.394 Tw (problems for the enforceability of the Committees Resolutions. )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00049)-1076.9(Fmt 6604)-1076.9(Sfmt 6604)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 170 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 172 0 obj << /Length 5195 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (50 )Tj -15.344 -2 TD 0.104 Tw (Both Resolutions call on the President of the Senate to certify the )Tj 0 -1.04 TD 0.066 Tw (facts of the failure of the witnesses to appear as required. This ap-)Tj T* 0.09 Tw [(proach appears to comply with 2 U.S.C. )-168(194, which refers to a re-)]TJ T* 0.164 Tw (port of the fact of such failure or failures to comply with a sub-)Tj T* 0.32 Tw (poena and to the President of the Senates certification of the )Tj T* 0.198 Tw (statement of facts. With different facts stated in the Report and )Tj T* 0.054 Tw (the Resolutions, the question arises: Which facts are to be certified? )Tj T* 0.09 Tw (Is the President of the Senate called upon to certify the narrow set )Tj T* 0.198 Tw (of facts stated in the Resolutions or the much broader and color-)Tj T* 0.058 Tw (fully written facts stated in the Majoritys Report? If multiple bases )Tj T* 0.056 Tw (of fact are possible, ambiguity could result at multiple stages down-)Tj T* 0.054 Tw (stream in the processfor the President of the Senate when he cer-)Tj T* 0.208 Tw (tifies the facts, for the U.S. Attorney when he presents the case, )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (and for the defendants if they are put in criminal jeopardy. )Tj 1 -1.04 TD 0.144 Tw (The due process concerns for the prospective defendants are not )Tj -1 -1.04 TD 0.26 Tw (insignificant. As the Supreme Court in )Tj /F4 1 Tf 19.7457 0 TD 0 Tw (Russell )Tj /F1 1 Tf 3.8879 0 TD (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.353 0 TD 0.26 Tw (United States, )Tj /F1 1 Tf -24.9866 -1.04 TD 0.06 Tw (369 U.S. 749 \(1962\),wrote in response to a flawed Congressional re-)Tj T* 0.224 Tw (ferral of contempt: A cryptic form of indictment in cases of this )Tj T* 0.064 Tw (kind requires the defendant to go to trial with the chief issue unde-)Tj T* 0.104 Tw (fined. It enables his conviction to rest on one point and the affirm-)Tj T* 0.314 Tw (ance of the conviction on another. It gives the prosecution free )Tj T* 0.16 Tw (hand on appeal to fill in the gaps of proof by surmise and conjec-)Tj T* 0 Tw (ture. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 3.034 0 TD (Id. )Tj /F1 1 Tf 1.7 0 TD 0.126 Tw (at 766. If such a ruling were to be repeated in this mat-)Tj -4.7339 -1.04 TD 0.206 Tw (ter, it would not just be a boon to those who failed to honor the )Tj T* 0.228 Tw (Committees subpoenas. It would also be a blow to the oversight )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (authority of the legislative branch relative to the executive. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 147 364.6001 Tm 0 Tw (B)Tj 10 0 0 10 152.7759 364.6001 Tm (. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 159.2358 364.6001 Tm [(THE)-460(MAJORITY)]TJ 10 0 0 10 224.6909 364.6001 Tm ()Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 226.7308 364.6001 Tm [(S)-460(REPORT)-460(INCLUDES)-460(FACTS)-460(AND)-460(FINDINGS)-460(THAT)-460(ARE)]TJ 10 0 0 10 464.7997 364.6001 Tm ( )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 157 354.2001 Tm [(UNNECESSARY)-607.5(AND)-607.5(COUNTERPRODUCTIVE)-607.5(TO)-607.5(SUBPOENA)-607.5(ENFORCE)]TJ 10 0 0 10 461.6077 354.2001 Tm (-)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 157 343.8001 Tm (MENT)Tj 10 0 0 10 182.1836 343.8001 Tm ( )Tj -2.5184 -1.64 TD 0.158 Tw (We are concerned the Majoritys Report contains facts and find-)Tj -1 -1.04 TD 0.402 Tw (ings that are unnecessaryand even counterproductiveto en-)Tj 0 -1.03 TD 0.24 Tw (forcement of the Resolutions. For example, the Majoritys Report )Tj T* 0.204 Tw (reaches evidentiary conclusions in what is essentially a discovery )Tj T* 0.106 Tw (exercise. The Majoritys Report describes findings of grave threats )Tj T* 0.252 Tw (to the independence of law enforcement, lying, significant in-)Tj T* 0.158 Tw (volvement of White House political officials in improper politiciza-)Tj T* 0.272 Tw (tion, stonewalling, and a contrived cover up; yet the Report )Tj T* 0.27 Tw (itself is an effort to support the enforcement of Committee sub-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (poenas via the statutory contempt mechanism. )Tj 1 -1.03 TD 0.11 Tw (If a court looks to the Majoritys Report and finds that the Com-)Tj -1 -1.03 TD 0.214 Tw (mittee is already reaching conclusions in its investigation, it will )Tj T* 0.054 Tw (justifiably ask why any further testimony or documents are needed. )Tj T* 0.154 Tw (We are especially concerned with the Majoritys Report in this re-)Tj T* 0.206 Tw (gard because one of the touchstones of executive privilege review )Tj T* 0.152 Tw (is the partys need for the subpoenaed information. Indeed, it is a )Tj T* 0.126 Tw (threshold question for any party who seeks to overcome a claim of )Tj T* 0.076 Tw (executive privilege. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 9.3559 0 TD (See In re Sealed Case, )Tj /F1 1 Tf 10.7658 0 TD (121 F.3d 729, 746 \(1997\) )Tj -20.1217 -1.03 TD 0.172 Tw (\(explaining that courts must specifically consider the need of the )Tj T* 0.148 Tw (party seeking privileged evidence when evaluating either a presi-)Tj T* 0.238 Tw (dential communications privilege or deliberative process privilege )Tj T* 0 Tw (case\). )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00050)-1076.9(Fmt 6604)-1076.9(Sfmt 6604)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 173 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F4 7 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 175 0 obj << /Length 5011 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (51 )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 148.2 641 Tm (C)Tj 10 0 0 10 153.9759 641 Tm (. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 160.0558 641 Tm [(THE)-412.5(MAJORITY)]TJ 10 0 0 10 225.1309 641 Tm ()Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 227.1708 641 Tm [(S)-412.5(REPORT)-412.5(SHOULD)-412.5(HAVE)-412.5(STRUCK)-412.5(A)-412.5(MORE)-412.5(MEASURED)]TJ 10 0 0 10 463.7476 641 Tm ( )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 261.12 630.9 Tm [(TONE)-412.5(ON)-412.5(PRIVILEGE)]TJ 10 0 0 10 350.8307 630.9 Tm ( )Tj -19.3831 -1.61 TD 0.234 Tw (Battles between the branches on executive privilege are an all )Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.33 Tw (too common occurrence. As shown in the Gorsuch case, federal )Tj T* 0.104 Tw (courts are loathe to wade into such battles if they are perceived as )Tj T* 0.244 Tw (irreconcilable bickering among the political branches. See )Tj /F4 1 Tf 28.6366 0 TD 0 Tw (United )Tj -28.6366 -1.01 TD (States )Tj /F1 1 Tf 3.299 0 TD (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.281 0 TD 0.188 Tw (House of Representatives)Tj /F1 1 Tf 11.7608 0 TD (, 556 F. Sup. 150 \(D.D.C. 1983\) )Tj -16.3408 -1.01 TD 0.262 Tw (\(Compromise and cooperation, rather than confrontation, should )Tj T* 0.06 Tw (be the aim of the parties.\). We are concerned the Majoritys Report )Tj T* 0.086 Tw (is too strident and one-sided in its rejection of the Administrations )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (executive privilege claims. )Tj 1 -1.01 TD 0.35 Tw (For example, the Majoritys Report describes the Administra-)Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.144 Tw (tions assertion of privilege as novel and a dramatic break from )Tj T* 0.296 Tw (the practices of every administration since World War II in re-)Tj T* 0.402 Tw (sponding to congressional oversight. Although the Administra-)Tj T* 0.254 Tw (tions position might be viewed as controversial and in some re-)Tj T* 0.294 Tw (spects at odds with the Committees constitutional oversight re-)Tj T* 0.07 Tw (sponsibility, it is far from novel for an Administration to claim that )Tj T* 0.186 Tw (officials are immune from appearing before Congress due to their )Tj T* 0.062 Tw (senior roles and proximity to the President. Claims of executive im-)Tj T* 0.148 Tw (munity are not novel. Indeed, well-documented claims of this type )Tj T* 0.088 Tw (have been made by both Democrat and Republican administrations )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (for at least forty years. )Tj 1 -1.01 TD 0.242 Tw (During the Senate Judiciary Committees investigation into al-)Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.394 Tw (leged improprieties of then-Supreme Court Justice Abe Fortas, )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (Johnson Administration Associate Special Counsel to the President, )Tj T* 0.398 Tw (W. DeVier Pierson, wrote the following to Chairman Eastland )Tj T* 0.182 Tw (when he declined to appear: It has been firmly established, as a )Tj T* 0.06 Tw (matter of principle and precedents, that members of the Presidents )Tj T* 0.144 Tw (immediate staff shall not appear before a congressional committee )Tj T* 0.128 Tw (to testify with respect to the performance of their duties on behalf )Tj T* 0.096 Tw (of the President. This limitation, which has been recognized by the )Tj T* 0.21 Tw (Congress as well as the Executive, is fundamental to our system )Tj T* 0.258 Tw (of government. Among the precedents to which Pierson may be )Tj T* 0.152 Tw (been referring were the two occasions when Truman adviser John )Tj T* 0.342 Tw (Steelman returned House subpoenas with a letter stating, the )Tj T* 0.194 Tw (President directed me, in view of my duties as his Assistant, not )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (to appear before your subcommittee. )Tj 1 -1.01 TD 0.436 Tw (In February 1971, then Assistant Attorney General William )Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.078 Tw (Rehnquist authored a memorandum detailing the history and basis )Tj T* 0.156 Tw (for such claims of immunity, which cited the two above examples. )Tj 0 -1 TD 0.234 Tw (Following his historic and legal analysis, Rehnquist wrote, [t]he )Tj T* 0.152 Tw (President and his immediate advisersthat is, those who custom-)Tj T* 0.32 Tw (arily meet with the President on a regular or frequent basis )Tj T* 0.142 Tw (should be deemed absolutely immune from testimonial compulsion )Tj T* 0.122 Tw (by a congressional committee. They not only may not be examined )Tj T* 0.102 Tw (with respect to their official duties, but they may not even be com-)Tj T* 0.076 Tw (pelled to appear before a congressional committee. Rehnquist OLC )Tj T* 0.276 Tw (Memo Titled Power of Congressional Committee to Compel Ap-)Tj T* 0.118 Tw [(pearance or Testimony of White House Staff)-168( \(Feb. 5, 1971\). Like )]TJ T* 0.542 Tw (the assertion of privilege made to the Judiciary Committee, )Tj T* 0.122 Tw (Rehnquist made distinctions between senior and lower level White )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (House staff. )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00051)-1076.9(Fmt 6604)-1076.9(Sfmt 6604)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 176 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F4 7 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 179 0 obj << /Length 5369 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (52 )Tj -14.344 -2 TD 0.174 Tw (The distinction between immunity for senior Presidential advis-)Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.226 Tw (ers and lower level staff was further developed in a February 8, )Tj T* 0.12 Tw (1979 memorandum by Carter-Administration White House counsel )Tj T* 0.272 Tw (Robert Lipshutz. Although Lipshutz conceded that advisers with )Tj T* 0.238 Tw (statutory obligations would be required to testify, he broadly as-)Tj T* 0.242 Tw (serted that advisers without such duties are immune from testi-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (fying before Congress: )Tj 2 -1.39 TD 0.134 Tw (The role of the White House aide is that of adviser to the )Tj 0 -0.99 TD 0.524 Tw (President. Frank and candid discussions between the )Tj T* 0.136 Tw (President and his personal staff are essential to the effec-)Tj T* 0.102 Tw (tive discharge of the Presidents Executive responsibilities. )Tj T* 0.228 Tw (Discussions of this type take place only if their contents )Tj T* 0.052 Tw [(are kept confidential. .)-556(.)-556(.)0( )]TJ 0 -1.39 TD 0.084 Tw (While the investigative power of Congressional committees )Tj 0 -0.99 TD 0.21 Tw (is extremely broad, the personal staff of the President is )Tj T* 0.336 Tw (immune from testimonial compulsion by Congress. This )Tj T* 0.35 Tw (immunity is grounded in the Constitutional doctrine of )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (separation of powers. )Tj -2 -1.39 TD 0.302 Tw (Lipshutz Memo Titled Congressional Testimony by Members of )Tj 0 -0.99 TD 0.238 Tw (the White House Staff \(Feb. 8, 1979\). Notwithstanding our own )Tj T* 0.25 Tw (disagreement with the Administrations broad executive privilege )Tj T* 0.23 Tw (claims before the Committee, it is nevertheless incorrect to label )Tj T* 0.106 Tw (the claim of immunity novel or contrary to all modern precedent. )Tj 1 -0.99 TD 0.056 Tw (In addition to our concerns about dismissing the Administrations )Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.064 Tw (immunity claim as novel, we are also concerned with some appar-)Tj T* 0.176 Tw (ent omissions in the Report. For example, the Report fails to dis-)Tj T* 0.102 Tw (cuss, define, or even mention the potential application of the delib-)Tj T* 0.166 Tw (erative process privilege. The deliberative process privilege, which )Tj T* 0.242 Tw (is much broader, but also weaker, than the presidential commu-)Tj T* 0.19 Tw (nications privilege, requires no involvement by the President. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 30.2446 0 TD 0 Tw (See )Tj -30.2446 -0.99 TD 0.234 Tw (In re Sealed Case, )Tj /F1 1 Tf 9.4889 0 TD (121 F.3d 729, 737 \(D.C. Cir. 1997\) \(requiring )Tj -9.4889 -0.99 TD 0.292 Tw (only that the material at issue be predecisional and comprising )Tj T* 0.196 Tw (part of a deliberative process by which government decisions and )Tj T* 0.154 Tw (policies are formulated\). The Reports silence on this issue creates )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (an opportunity for unfavorable precedent. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 147 276.5 Tm 0 Tw (D)Tj 10 0 0 10 153.2239 276.5 Tm (. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 160.2638 276.5 Tm [(WE)-532.5(SHOULD)-532.5(PRESERVE)-532.5(THE)-532.5(SENATE)]TJ 10 0 0 10 323.9656 276.5 Tm ()Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 326.0056 276.5 Tm [(S)-532.5(OVERSIGHT)-532.5(AUTHORITY)]TJ 10 0 0 10 440.156 276.5 Tm (, )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 447.1959 276.5 Tm (BUT)Tj 10 0 0 10 464.8276 276.5 Tm ( )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 157 266.6 Tm [(BE)-742.5(EVER)-742.5(VIGILANT)-742.5(AGAINST)-742.5(THE)-742.5(POTENTIAL)-742.5(FOR)-742.5(CREATING)-742.5(BAD)]TJ 10 0 0 10 464.8041 266.6 Tm ( )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 157 256.7 Tm (PRECEDENT)Tj 10 0 0 10 209.2952 256.7 Tm ( )Tj -5.2295 -1.59 TD 0.31 Tw (We remain committed to defending the Committees oversight )Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.106 Tw (authority and responsibility. That is why we supported the revised )Tj T* 0.088 Tw (Resolutions considered by the Committee last December. Neverthe-)Tj 0 -1 TD 0.102 Tw (less, our strong support of the Senates institutional role in admin-)Tj T* 0.182 Tw (istration oversight cautions us to be concerned about actions that )Tj T* 0.212 Tw (could undermine or limit the Senates subpoena power in the fu-)Tj T* (ture. We are mindful that Congresss record before the courts on )Tj T* 0.164 Tw (contempt has been mixed. See )Tj /F4 1 Tf 15.0258 0 TD 0 Tw (Watkins )Tj /F1 1 Tf 4.2379 0 TD (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.257 0 TD 0.164 Tw (United States, )Tj /F1 1 Tf 7.1609 0 TD (354 U.S. )Tj -27.6816 -1 TD 0.208 Tw (178 \(1957\); )Tj /F4 1 Tf 5.8079 0 TD 0 Tw (Russell )Tj /F1 1 Tf 3.8359 0 TD (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.301 0 TD 0.208 Tw (United States, )Tj /F1 1 Tf 7.2489 0 TD (369 U.S. 749 \(1962\); )Tj /F4 1 Tf 10.4489 0 TD 0 Tw (Wilson )Tj /F1 1 Tf -28.6426 -1 TD (v. )Tj /F4 1 Tf 1.231 0 TD 0.138 Tw (United States, )Tj /F1 1 Tf 7.1089 0 TD (369 F.2d 198 \(D.C. Cir. 1966\). An adverse ruling )Tj -8.3399 -1 TD 0.066 Tw (by a federal courtwhether against the contempt power or in favor )Tj T* 0.082 Tw (of executive privilegecould weaken the Senates oversight author-)Tj T* 0.322 Tw (ity in future matters and encourage a future administration to )Tj T* 0.154 Tw (fight subpoenas in a matter of greater urgency or importance. We )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00052)-1076.9(Fmt 6604)-1076.9(Sfmt 6604)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 180 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F4 7 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 182 0 obj << /Length 970 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (53 )Tj -15.344 -2 TD 0.264 Tw (are concerned the variance between the facts in the Resolutions )Tj 0 -1 TD 0.12 Tw (and the Report could lead to an adverse outcome and be a blow to )Tj T* 0.302 Tw (the Committeesindeed, the Congressability to conduct over-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (sight in the future. )Tj 16.2 -1.4 TD 0 Tw (A)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 316.2198 597 Tm (RLEN)Tj 10 0 0 10 342.9275 597 Tm (S)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 349.2274 597 Tm (PECTER)Tj 10 0 0 10 383.0029 597 Tm (. )Tj -7.4003 -1 TD (C)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 316.2198 587 Tm (HUCK)Tj 10 0 0 10 344.7035 587 Tm (G)Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 352.4834 587 Tm (RASSLEY)Tj 10 0 0 10 390.8588 587 Tm (. )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00053)-1076.9(Fmt 6604)-1076.9(Sfmt 6604)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 183 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 185 0 obj << /Length 4368 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 8 0 0 8 298.88 111 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (\(54\) )Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 147 138.8 m 197 138.8 l S BT 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 131.9972 Tm (1)Tj 7 0 0 7 158.168 130.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (Majority Report at 2. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 124.9972 Tm 0 Tw (2)Tj 7 0 0 7 158.168 123.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (Former Deputy Attorney General Paul McNulty 04/27/2007 Tr. at 188190. )Tj 10 0 0 10 167.2 589 Tm 0.052 Tw (XII. MINORITY VIEWS OF SENATORS KYL, SESSIONS, )Tj 6.624 -1 TD (BROWNBACK AND COBURN )Tj -7.644 -1.6 TD 0.126 Tw (We generally agree with the Minority Views of Senators Specter )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.078 Tw (and Grassley. Three aspects of the Majority Report, however, merit )Tj T* 0.236 Tw (additional comment: the first is the Majoritys utterly unfounded )Tj T* 0.062 Tw (accusation that the Justice Departments public-corruption prosecu-)Tj T* 0.108 Tw (tion decisions were influenced by politics. The second is the Major-)Tj T* 0.15 Tw (itys attack on the notion of executive privilegea position that is )Tj T* 0.122 Tw (very much at odds with the position that members of the Majority )Tj T* 0.108 Tw (have adopted in the past. And finally, we are simply dumbfounded )Tj T* 0.104 Tw (by the Majoritys earth-is-flat insistence that no such thing as vote )Tj T* 0.054 Tw (fraud ever occurs in this country, and thus no investigation or pros-)Tj T* 0.184 Tw (ecution of such matters is ever appropriatean insistence that is )Tj T* 0.172 Tw (completely at odds with what the American people just witnessed )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (during the recent elections. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 156.26 427 Tm 0 Tw [(FALSE)-412.5(ACCUSATIONS)-412.5(LEVELED)-412.5(AGAINST)-412.5(THE)-412.5(JUSTICE)-412.5(DEPARTMENT)]TJ 10 0 0 10 455.6237 427 Tm ( )Tj -29.8624 -1.6 TD 0.218 Tw (The Majoritys Report concludes its analysis with the assertion )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.132 Tw (that [t]he evidence shows that senior officials were apparently fo-)Tj T* 0.196 Tw (cused on the political impact of federal prosecutions and whether )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (federal prosecutors were doing enough to bring partisan voter fraud )Tj T* (and corruption cases.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 252.1284 373.7093 Tm 0 Tw (1)Tj 10 0 0 10 256.4542 371 Tm ( )Tj -9.9454 -1 TD 0.086 Tw (This is a falsehoodone that the Majority does not even attempt )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.134 Tw (to buttress with any citations to the relevant record. The Majority )Tj T* 0.176 Tw (Report does not cite one shred of evidence to support this conclu-)Tj T* 0.108 Tw (sion because there is no such evidence. Indeed, all of that record )Tj T* 0.064 Tw (the numerous interviews conducted by the staff of this committee )Tj T* 0.296 Tw (supports the very opposite conclusion: that the professional and )Tj T* 0.192 Tw (dedicated attorneys at the U.S. Justice Department fulfilled their )Tj T* 0.166 Tw (duty to investigate and prosecute public corruption, and that par-)Tj T* 0.222 Tw (tisan bias played no role in these investigative and prosecutorial )Tj T* 0 Tw (decisions. )Tj 1 -1 TD 0.256 Tw (The Majoritys thesisthat public-corruption prosecutions were )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.1 Tw (driven by politicswas repeatedly refuted by witness after witness )Tj T* 0.114 Tw (during this committees investigations. For example, Deputy Attor-)Tj T* 0.31 Tw (ney General Paul J. McNulty, in his April 27, 2007, interview, )Tj T* 0.306 Tw (while describing the nonpolitical, career investigators, assistant )Tj T* 0.066 Tw (United States attorneys and U.S. attorneys who make the decision )Tj T* 0.154 Tw (to bring these cases, stated that if any one of these professionals )Tj T* 0.17 Tw (thought that a case were being undermined or harmed by the re-)Tj T* 0.242 Tw (moval of a U.S. attorney, they would scream to high heaven, as )Tj T* 0.184 Tw (they should.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 211.2691 173.7093 Tm 0 Tw (2)Tj 10 0 0 10 220.2148 171 Tm 0.184 Tw (David Margolis, the highest ranking career official )Tj -7.3215 -1 TD 0.2 Tw (at the Department of Justice, when asked whether he had heard )Tj T* 0.188 Tw (from anyone in a position of power that the requests for resigna-)Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00054)-1076.9(Fmt 6604)-1076.9(Sfmt 6604)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 186 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 188 0 obj << /Length 5261 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (55 )Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 147 155.2 m 197 155.2 l S BT 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 148.3972 Tm (3)Tj 7 0 0 7 158.168 146.5 Tm 0.0514 Tw (Associate Deputy Attorney General David Margolis 05/01/07 Tr. at 206. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 141.2972 Tm 0 Tw (4)Tj 7 0 0 7 158.168 139.4 Tm 0.0514 Tw (Id. at 211. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 134.1971 Tm 0 Tw (5)Tj 7 0 0 7 158.168 132.3 Tm 0.0714 Tw (Former Director of the Executive Office of U.S. Attorneys Michael Battle 04/10/07 Tr. at 114. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 127.0971 Tm 0 Tw (6)Tj 7 0 0 7 158.168 125.1999 Tm 0.0514 Tw (Id. at 112. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 119.997 Tm 0 Tw (7)Tj 7 0 0 7 158.168 118.0999 Tm 0.0514 Tw (Former Deputy Attorney General Chief of Staff Michael Elston 03/30/07 Tr. at 123124. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 112.997 Tm 0 Tw (8)Tj 7 0 0 7 158.168 111.0999 Tm (Id. )Tj 10 0 0 10 147 641 Tm 0.078 Tw (tions were dispatched with an eye toward influence[ing] a political )Tj 0 -1.04 TD 0.292 Tw (corruption case, said, [a]bsolutely not, and they would get my )Tj T* 0.074 Tw (sharp stick in the eye if they suggested that.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 363.8868 622.9094 Tm 0 Tw (3)Tj 10 0 0 10 371.7325 620.2 Tm 0.074 Tw (When asked wheth-)Tj -22.4733 -1.04 TD 0.16 Tw (er he had heard anyone complain about Carol Lams public integ-)Tj T* 0.372 Tw (rity prosecution of Duke Cunningham and her investigation of )Tj T* 0.066 Tw (Dusty Foggo and Brent Wilkes, Mr. Margolis responded, No. Abso-)Tj T* 0.172 Tw (lutely not. Were very proud of that prosecution of Representative )Tj T* 0.212 Tw (Cunningham and the investigation of Foggo. Were very proud of )Tj T* 0 Tw (that.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 174.9896 560.5094 Tm (4)Tj 10 0 0 10 179.3154 557.8 Tm ( )Tj -2.2315 -1.04 TD 0.056 Tw (Similarly, when asked whether he was ever present when anyone )Tj -1 -1.04 TD 0.152 Tw (discussed seeking a U.S. Attorneys resignation because of a polit-)Tj T* 0.09 Tw (ical prosecution, the former Director of the Executive Office of U.S. )Tj T* 0.304 Tw (Attorneys, Michael Battle, testified No. Never aware of that.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 460.6356 518.9094 Tm 0 Tw (5)Tj 10 0 0 10 464.9614 516.2001 Tm ( )Tj -31.7961 -1.04 TD 0.106 Tw (Significantly, up until his resignation from the Department of Jus-)Tj T* 0.252 Tw (tice in January of 2006, Mr. Battle had dedicated his entire ca-)Tj T* 0.176 Tw (reerover twenty yearsto public service.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 352.7369 487.7094 Tm 0 Tw (6)Tj 10 0 0 10 361.6027 485.0001 Tm 0.176 Tw (Other witnesses were )Tj -21.4603 -1.04 TD 0.118 Tw (equally dismissive of the innuendo and baseless accusations in the )Tj T* 0.186 Tw (media on which the Majority Report relies. Mr. McNultys former )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (Chief of Staff, Michael Elston testified as follows: )Tj 3 -1.44 TD 0.128 Tw (The notion that the media has that the dismissal of the )Tj -1 -1.04 TD 0.162 Tw (United States Attorney in any way, shape or form affects )Tj T* 0.476 Tw (a pending investigation or case is silly. I have been )Tj T* 0.162 Tw (through the transition of a United States Attorney in the )Tj T* 0.078 Tw (districtNorthern District of Illinois. And I was an Assist-)Tj T* 0.168 Tw (ant United States Attorney, and I had pending investiga-)Tj T* 0.236 Tw (tions and pending cases at the time. And it affected my )Tj T* 0.318 Tw (cases in the following way: I changed the name of the )Tj T* 0.202 Tw (United States Attorney on my letterhead and pleadings.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 440.616 358.9095 Tm 0 Tw (7)Tj 10 0 0 10 444.9418 356.2001 Tm ( )Tj -28.7942 -1.44 TD 0.13 Tw (Mr. Elstons credibility on the Cunningham and associated pros-)Tj -1 -1.04 TD 0.242 Tw (ecutions is further bolstered by the fact that he assisted in exe-)Tj T* 0.198 Tw (cuting subpoenas simultaneously in Virginia and California when )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (the investigation turned to Brent Wilkes: )Tj 3 -1.44 TD 0.19 Tw (There was a coordinated effort to search the California )Tj -1 -1.04 TD 0.084 Tw (and Virginia offices of that business as well as Mr. Wilkes )Tj T* 0.254 Tw (home on the same day, and I was the Assistant United )Tj T* 0.272 Tw (States Attorney assigned to obtaining a search warrant. )Tj T* 0.144 Tw (And I did do that. A search warrant is a matter of public )Tj T* 0.76 Tw (record and sets out what an incredible case the )Tj T* 0.234 Tw (Cunningham case was and how very blatant the bribery )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (was, and it goes on and on and on in detail.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 371.877 226.1095 Tm 0 Tw (8)Tj 10 0 0 10 376.2027 223.4002 Tm ( )Tj -21.9203 -1.44 TD 0.114 Tw (As a former Federal prosecutor heavily invested in the case, Mr. )Tj -1 -1.04 TD 0.102 Tw (Elston went on to testify, I would have been outraged had anyone )Tj T* 0.082 Tw (suggested to me that there was a problem with that case that mer-)Tj T* (ited anything, whether it was a request for resignation or anything )Tj T* 0.18 Tw (else, because I had probably among the leadership of the Depart-)Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00055)-1076.9(Fmt 6604)-1076.9(Sfmt 6604)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 189 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 191 0 obj << /Length 4464 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (56 )Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 147 119.8 m 197 119.8 l S BT 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 112.9972 Tm (9)Tj 7 0 0 7 158.168 111.1 Tm 0.0514 Tw (Id. at 124. )Tj 10 0 0 10 147 641 Tm 0.12 Tw (ment the most intimate knowledge of that case and how good that )Tj 0 -1.02 TD 0.052 Tw (case was of anybody else.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 271.1581 633.5093 Tm 0 Tw (9)Tj 10 0 0 10 275.4839 630.8 Tm ( )Tj -11.8484 -1.02 TD 0.092 Tw (These are the facts of record. Yet they are markedly absent from )Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.052 Tw (the Majoritys Report. )Tj 1 -1.01 TD 0.054 Tw (Sadly, much more was at stake in this investigation than the em-)Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.31 Tw (ployment of nine U.S. Attorneysnamely, the confidence of the )Tj T* 0.21 Tw (American people in the most revered law enforcement institution )Tj T* 0.104 Tw (in the world. It is, therefore, deeply ironic that in pressing its case )Tj T* 0.082 Tw (that the Justice Department has been overly politicized, the Major-)Tj T* 0.238 Tw (ity chooses to politicize its very investigation, and completely ig-)Tj T* 0.14 Tw (nores the voluminous evidence that rebuts its pre-determined con-)Tj T* 0 Tw (clusion. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 248.46 513.6 Tm (WE)Tj 10 0 0 10 262.0838 513.6 Tm ()Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 264.1237 513.6 Tm [(VE)-412.5(COME)-412.5(A)-412.5(LONG)-412.5(WAY)]TJ 10 0 0 10 363.5385 513.6 Tm ( )Tj -20.6538 -1.61 TD 0.118 Tw (During this Congress, the Majority has been rather promiscuous )Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.102 Tw (in its issuance of subpoenas to the executive branch. It was not al-)Tj T* 0.204 Tw (ways thus. In the past, members of this same Majority appeared )Tj T* 0.284 Tw (to recognize that issuing a subpoena was a serious matter that )Tj T* 0.112 Tw (should be undertaken only after substantial deliberation. Some ex-)Tj T* 0.158 Tw (amples of past expressions the Majoritys now-abandoned modesty )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (in this regard are as follows: )Tj 1 -1.01 TD (Senator Leahy \(Press Release September 23, 1999\): )Tj T* 0.172 Tw (I do not believe we should be issuing subpoenas to the Justice )Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.052 Tw (Department unless that step is absolutely necessary. )Tj 3 -1.41 TD 0.124 Tw (Executive privilege is used by the President and the ex-)Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.186 Tw (ecutive branch to shield presidential communications, ad-)Tj T* (vice, and national security information from disclosure in )Tj T* 0.06 Tw (judicial proceedings, congressional investigations and other )Tj T* 0.074 Tw (arenas. While the proper scope of executive privilege is the )Tj T* 0.308 Tw (subject of much debate, at a minimum, it covers presi-)Tj T* 0.06 Tw (dential communications, and may also protect the decision- )Tj T* 0.108 Tw (making, or deliberative process, of the executive branch in )Tj T* 0.558 Tw [(general .)-556(.)-556(.)0( Thus, this resolution, which avoids the )]TJ T* 0.06 Tw (issuance of a subpoena should the Justice Department con-)Tj T* 0.196 Tw (tinue to cooperate with the Committee in producing non- )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (privileged documents, is a good result. )Tj -1 -1.41 TD (Senator Leahy \(Press Release June 8, 2000\): )Tj 2 -1.41 TD 0.07 Tw ([At the last business meeting,] I held over consideration )Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.08 Tw [(of [a] subpoena .)-556(.)-556(.)0( since, in my view, it had been precipi-)]TJ T* 0.122 Tw (tously added to the agenda at the last minute and needed )Tj T* 0.294 Tw [(further consideration .)-556(.)-556(.)0( [T]he White House has made )]TJ T* 0.242 Tw (clear that it will provide the email communications that )Tj T* 0.214 Tw (are relevant to the Committees oversight inquiries with-)Tj T* 0.218 Tw [(out the need for a subpoena. .)-556(.)-556(.)0( It is truly remarkable )]TJ T* 0.194 Tw (that the majority of this Committee chooses first to com-)Tj T* 0.12 Tw (municatenow routinely at each executive business meet-)Tj T* 0.074 Tw (ingwith the Executive Branch and its agencies by way of )Tj T* 0.084 Tw (subpoena. Issuing subpoenas may make for a good show of )Tj T* 0.164 Tw (partisan force by the majority but certainly continues the )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (erosion of civil discourse that has marked this Congress. )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00056)-1076.9(Fmt 6604)-1076.9(Sfmt 6604)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 192 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 194 0 obj << /Length 4061 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (57 )Tj -14.344 -2 TD 0.172 Tw (The following quotes are from the floor of the Senate in White-)Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.052 Tw (water debate. \(Congressional Record: December 20, 1995\): )Tj 1 -1.01 TD (Senator Sarbanes: )Tj 2 -1.41 TD 0.108 Tw (It always should be borne in mind that when the execu-)Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.206 Tw (tive and legislative branches fail to resolve a dispute be-)Tj T* 0.08 Tw (tween them and instead submit their disagreements to the )Tj T* 0.258 Tw (courts for resolution, significant power is then placed in )Tj T* 0.078 Tw (the judicial branch to write rules that will govern the rela-)Tj T* 0.274 Tw [(tionship between the elected branches .)-556(.)-556(.)0( [W]e have a )]TJ T* 0.138 Tw [(chance here to work this out .)-556(.)-556(.)0( and there is no need to )]TJ T* 0.1 Tw (go to court running the risk, I would suggest to some Sen-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (ators, of an adverse precedent. )Tj 1 -1.41 TD 0.104 Tw (We need to avoid a needless constitutional confrontation )Tj -1 -1.01 TD 0.212 Tw (by pursuing a negotiated resolution to this dispute. Con-)Tj T* 0.38 Tw (gressional attempts to inquire into privileged executive )Tj T* 0.132 Tw (branch communications are rare and with good reason. In )Tj T* 0.14 Tw (fact, the courts on occasion have refused to determine the )Tj T* 0.266 Tw (dispute and have encouraged the two branches to settle )Tj T* 0.376 Tw (the differences without further judicial involvement. In )Tj T* 0.108 Tw (other words, when it comes to the court, it says you ought )Tj T* 0.08 Tw (to settle it between yourselves and not involve the court in )Tj 0 -1 TD 0.2 Tw (trying to address this matter. The U.S. Court of Appeals )Tj T* 0.056 Tw (for the District of Columbia has long held that Presidential )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (communications are presumptively privileged. )Tj -1 -1.4 TD (Senator Dodd: )Tj 2 -1.4 TD 0.256 Tw (Our role, fundamentally, is legislative. We conduct in-)Tj -1 -1 TD 0.268 Tw (vestigations, of course, but that is primarily to help de-)Tj T* 0.088 Tw (velop legislation. And it seems to me that, where you have )Tj T* 0.216 Tw (a White House that is cooperating, you ought to avoid a )Tj T* 0.092 Tw (confrontation with the executive branch. After all, it is not )Tj T* 0.178 Tw (clear what the third branch of government, the judiciary, )Tj T* 0.136 Tw (will do. In similar cases, the courts have thrown the mat-)Tj T* 0.138 Tw (ter right back to us and have said, Look, you people sort )Tj T* 0.082 Tw (this out your own way. We are not going to make the deci-)Tj T* 0.192 Tw (sion for you. So we may end up, after months of squab-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (bling, in no better position than we are in today. )Tj -1 -1.4 TD (Senator Boxer: )Tj 0 -1 TD 0.13 Tw (Supporting reaching a compromise with the Clinton Administra-)Tj -1 -1 TD 0 Tw (tion: )Tj 3 -1.4 TD 0.256 Tw (We can avoid a costly subpoena battle. We can avoid, )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.2 Tw (frankly, losing in the courts, which would harm the U.S. )Tj T* 0.082 Tw (Senate out into the future, and we can get the information )Tj T* 0.13 Tw [(.)-556(.)-556(.)0( We [should] not go on political witch hunts and deny )]TJ T* 0.108 Tw [(people their rights. .)-556(.)-556(.)0( That is bad for this institution. It )]TJ T* 0.206 Tw (is bad for this investigation. It is bad for the precedence )Tj T* 0.226 Tw (of the United States. Frankly, I think it is bad for indi-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (vidual Senators. )Tj 1 -1.4 TD 0.122 Tw (The bottom line is, do you want to get the [information] )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.178 Tw (or do you want to play politics? That is the way I see it. )Tj T* 0.312 Tw (I hope we decide we want to get the [information], we )Tj T* 0.13 Tw (want to do it in a way that keeps this committee working )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00057)-1076.9(Fmt 6604)-1076.9(Sfmt 6604)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 195 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 197 0 obj << /Length 4431 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (58 )Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 147 126.8 m 197 126.8 l S BT 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 119.9972 Tm (10)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 118.1 Tm 1.04 Tw (The Emerging Democratic Majority, http://www.powerlineblog.com/archives/2008/08/ )Tj -2.028 -1 TD 0.0514 Tw (021168.php? \(Aug. 5, 2008, 7:30 EST\). )Tj 10 0 0 10 167 641 Tm 0.108 Tw (in a bipartisan fashion because, frankly, if we do not stick )Tj 0 -1.04 TD 0.156 Tw (together on this, on the procedures, I think the American )Tj T* 0.262 Tw (people are going to think this is all politics and all the )Tj 0 -1.03 TD 0.098 Tw (hard work that we do to put light on this subject will sim-)Tj T* 0.052 Tw (ply not be respected. )Tj -1 -1.43 TD (Senator Bumpers: )Tj 2 -1.43 TD 0.066 Tw [([This] is not a constitutional crisis .)-556(.)-556(.)0( But it just seems )]TJ -1 -1.03 TD 0.106 Tw (to me that in the interest of comity, in the interest of tak-)Tj T* 0.154 Tw (ing advantage of an offer by the President to say here [is )Tj T* 0.18 Tw [(the information] .)-556(.)-556(.)0( I daresay there is not a Member of )]TJ T* 0.234 Tw (the U.S. Senate that would have made a more generous )Tj T* 0.15 Tw (offer under the same conditions than the President of the )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (United States has made in this case. )Tj -1 -1.43 TD (Senator Pryor: )Tj 2 -1.43 TD 0.07 Tw (I think it is very, very necessary for the American public )Tj -1 -1.03 TD 0.202 Tw (at this time to have the knowledge that this administra-)Tj T* 0.222 Tw (tion in no way is trying to keep the [sought information )Tj T* 0.164 Tw [(from the] U.S. Senate. .)-556(.)-556(.)0( The White House has repeat-)]TJ T* 0.306 Tw (edly said: We want you to have [this information]. We )Tj T* 0.102 Tw (think you should have [this information]. We will give you )Tj T* 0.128 Tw ([this information]. I do not think that should be the busi-)Tj T* 0.11 Tw (ness of the Senate at this particular time, to start eroding )Tj T* 0.266 Tw (and emasculating the particular right that we revere in )Tj T* 0.158 Tw (the common law and have for so many years, and that is )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (the right of privilege created between lawyer and client. )Tj 8 0 0 7.6194 238.26 361.3 Tm 0 Tw [(VOTE)-412.5(EARLY)-412.5(AND)-412.5(VOTE)-412.5(OFTEN)]TJ 10 0 0 10 373.6901 361.3 Tm ( )Tj -21.669 -1.63 TD 0.078 Tw (As Justice Thurgood Marshall noted in the U.S. Supreme Courts )Tj -1 -1.03 TD 0.124 Tw (decision in Anderson v. U.S., 417 U.S. 211, [e]very voter in a fed-)Tj T* 0.16 Tw (eral primary election, whether he votes for a candidate with little )Tj T* 0.058 Tw (chance of winning or for one with little chance of losing, has a right )Tj T* 0.138 Tw (under the Constitution to have his vote fairly counted, without its )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (being distorted by fraudulently cast votes. )Tj 1 -1.03 TD 0.182 Tw (Perhaps the most Orwellian aspect of the Majority report is its )Tj -1 -1.03 TD 0.108 Tw (repeated insistence that there is no vote fraud in this country that )Tj T* 0.132 Tw (is ever worth investigating. At one point, the Majority even places )Tj T* 0.198 Tw (scare quotes around the term, lest anyone receive the impression )Tj T* 0.268 Tw (that the Majority believes that voter fraud could ever be a real )Tj T* 0.088 Tw (problem. Yet during the federal elections just concluded, the Amer-)Tj T* 0.134 Tw (ican public saw numerous examples of serious attempts to commit )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (voter fraud in this country. )Tj 1 -1.03 TD 0.224 Tw (Most of these incidents involved the Association of Community )Tj -1 -1.03 TD 0.074 Tw (Organizations for Reform Now \(ACORN\), a group that actively pro-)Tj T* 0.154 Tw (motes voter registration in many cities across the nation. 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435.2094 Tm 0 Tw (17)Tj 10 0 0 10 347.4489 432.5 Tm 0.396 Tw (and 15,000 applications )Tj -20.0449 -1 TD 0.33 Tw (have been questioned.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 255.8384 425.2094 Tm 0 Tw (18)Tj 10 0 0 10 270.5699 422.5 Tm 0.33 Tw (St. Louis officials attempted to contact )Tj -12.357 -1 TD 0.212 Tw (5,000 voters that ACORN registered, but it could not reach even )Tj T* 0.052 Tw (40 applicants.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 212.169 405.2094 Tm 0 Tw (19)Tj 10 0 0 10 220.8205 402.5 Tm ( )Tj -6.3821 -1 TD 0.068 Tw (In Las Vegas, the county registrar said that problems cropped up )Tj -1 -1 TD 0.218 Tw (almost immediately after ACORN took root there.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 390.8465 385.2094 Tm 0 Tw (20)Tj 10 0 0 10 404.458 382.5 Tm 0.218 Tw (Concerns in-)Tj -25.7458 -1 TD 0.326 Tw (cluded voter registration fraud and questionable staff members, )Tj T* 0.222 Tw (such as supervisors who are convicted felons and employees con-)Tj T* 0.108 Tw (victed of identity theft.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 255.7984 355.2094 Tm 0 Tw (21)Tj 10 0 0 10 268.3099 352.5 Tm 0.108 Tw (These problems led to a raid of ACORNs )Tj -12.131 -1 TD 0.052 Tw (Las Vegas office because of a suspected voter fraud scheme.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 426.6858 345.2094 Tm 0 Tw (22)Tj 10 0 0 10 435.3373 342.5 Tm ( )Tj -27.8337 -1 TD 0.168 Tw (The FBI opened an investigation into 1,400 potentially fraudu-)Tj -1 -1 TD 0.062 Tw (lent voter registrations filed in Albuquerque, New Mexico.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 424.3258 325.2094 Tm 0 Tw (23)Tj 10 0 0 10 436.3774 322.5 Tm 0.062 Tw (In the )Tj -28.9377 -1 TD 0.224 Tw (states urban areas, ACORN and others registered almost 80,000 )Tj /F5 1 Tf 6.5 0 0 6.5 25 20 Tm 1 g 0 Tw [(VerDate Aug 31 2005 )-1076.9(00:07 Nov 25, 2008)-1076.9(Jkt 079010)-1076.9(PO 00000)-1076.9(Frm 00059)-1076.9(Fmt 6604)-1076.9(Sfmt 6604)-1076.9(E:\\HR\\OC\\SR522.XXX)-1076.9(SR522)]TJ 0 5 -5 0 22 18 Tm (jbell on PROD1PC69 with REPORTS)Tj ET endstream endobj 201 0 obj << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 4 0 R /F4 7 0 R /F5 8 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 9 0 R >> >> endobj 203 0 obj << /Length 7604 >> stream BT /F1 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 300.44 661 Tm 0 g /GS1 gs 0 Tc 0 Tw (60 )Tj ET 0 G 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 10 M []0 d 1 i 147 292.3 m 197 292.3 l S BT 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 285.4972 Tm (24)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 283.6 Tm 0.1743 Tw (Evan Perez, GOP Renews Complaints Over Voter Registrations, Wall St. J., Oct. 9, 2008, )Tj -2.028 -0.9857 TD 0.0514 Tw (available at http://online.wsj.com/article/SB122351568128417691.html. )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 271.6972 Tm 0 Tw (25)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 269.8 Tm 0.1657 Tw (Joe the Plumber: Changing this Years Race?, http://www.powerlineblog.com/archives/2008/ )Tj -2.028 -0.9857 TD 0.0514 Tw (10/021794.php? \(Oct. 16, 2008, 20:18 EST\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 257.8972 Tm 0 Tw (26)Tj 7 0 0 7 161.196 256 Tm 0.1657 Tw (Joe the Plumber: Changing this Years Race?, http://www.powerlineblog.com/archives/2008/ )Tj -2.028 -0.9857 TD 0.0514 Tw (10/021794.php? \(Oct. 16, 2008, 20:18 EST\). )Tj 5.446 0 0 4.55 154 244.0972 Tm 0 Tw (27)Tj 7 0 0 7 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Tw (primary.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 187.3694 604.1094 Tm (26)Tj 10 0 0 10 202.6209 601.4 Tm 0.382 Tw (ACORN admits to firing 80 New Mexico employees )Tj -5.5621 -0.99 TD 0.052 Tw (since December 2007.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 248.0585 594.2094 Tm 0 Tw (27)Tj 10 0 0 10 256.71 591.5 Tm ( )Tj -9.971 -0.99 TD 0.278 Tw (In Ohio, Republicans sought verification of thousands of voter )Tj -1 -0.99 TD 0.056 Tw (registrations after ACORN admitted that it could not verify that its )Tj T* 0.072 Tw (applications were not fraudulent.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 303.0576 564.5094 Tm 0 Tw (28)Tj 10 0 0 10 315.2092 561.8 Tm 0.072 Tw (When the Secretary of State re-)Tj -16.8209 -0.99 TD 0.152 Tw (fused to verify the registrations, the challenge went up to the Su-)Tj T* 0.166 Tw (preme Court which denied Republicans claim by holding that the )Tj T* 0.112 Tw (Federal Vote Act did not include a private right to sue for enforce-)Tj T* 0.218 Tw (ment of voter registration verification.)Tj 7.78 0 0 6.5 332.7573 524.9094 Tm 0 Tw (29)Tj 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