a.本任务需求声明(MNS)提供了21世纪远征军水面战斗人员的要求。多任务能力包括作战套件、船体、机械和电子系统,这些系统需要建立和确保远征、跨部门、联合和盟军在战场上的优势地位。这些部队必须在任何需要的地方行动,特别是在沿海水域,以实现联合海上远征军行动和向岸上投射精确打击力量。任务能力必须与其他海军、跨部门、联合和联盟部队完全互操作。b.本非机密MNS部分涉及国防部1993年9月28日的“国防计划指南,1995 - 1999财政年度”,要求美国:“……继续派遣能够在广泛的行动中执行任务的一流军事力量。”(第1页)"...该MNS应指导21世纪水面战斗系统的设计、研究、开发和采购计划决策、服务和联合原则,以及与美国盟友的合作努力。
任务区域分析作为驱逐舰改型研究和21世纪水面战舰研究的一部分进行。这些分析确定,在理论、作战概念、战术、组织和训练方面的变化不足以解决缺陷。a.美国或盟国的原则:在没有21世纪水面战斗人员的情况下,需要改变的原则包括:接受第三世界军事强国的地区霸权;无法从海上投射远征军的打击力量;对地面目标投射精确打击力量的能力严重退化;无法维持有意义的,可见的前方存在,以建立联盟。b.作战概念:21世纪水面战舰,优化利用技术,在公海和沿海作战环境中发挥多种作用,将需要执行联合海上战略中包含的作战概念。c.战术:要求在危机或冲突中尽早将海基部队插入沿海水域以威慑、遏制或控制侵略的战术将给其他海军远征部队和陆基部队带来不可接受的风险。此外,这些战术将基于过时的技术,因为我们无法成本有效地现代化现有水面舰艇,并保持我们对潜在对手的技术优势。d.组织:增加前方基地和双机组水面战斗人员被认为是21世纪水面战斗人员不可替代的选择。 These alternatives would provide insufficient assets for crisis management or joint warfighting in a single or nearly simultaneous two MRC contingency. e. Training: Future surface combatants must be ready to fight simultaneous multi-warfare engagements in littoral warfare that will proceed so rapidly crew response times will be insufficient, and place the crew and ship at risk. Training alternatives offering the potential to maintain force capability in a smaller force manned with fewer personnel rely heavily on holistic, embedded training. This training capability must be an integral part of the total ship architecture called out as a mission need in a 21st Century Combatant. Without the opportunity to implement this training initiative, the Navy will be forced to continue and expand expensive, off-board training programs.
a.可供选择的设计概念包括:(1)新的常规船舶设计(2)一艘mod repeat ddg51(3)先进/非常规船体形式(4)模块船b.正在进行的ddg51采购计划可以通过利用先进技术的mod repeat计划潜在地解决这一需求。然而,要做到这一点,它需要在设计中采用一种明显不同的体系结构方法。c.作为其造船计划的一部分,各盟国正在进行或正在开发战斗、船体、机械和电气系统项目,这提供了可能的合作机会。这些子系统的设计将被检查。所有有意义的合作机会都可以在没有21世纪水面战斗人员正式合作发展计划的情况下实现。
(1)架构-船舶设计必须采用整体的船舶架构/工程方法,以优化生命周期的成本和性能;最大限度地减少操作冲突;允许根据不断变化的业务需求迅速升级和改变;允许计算和通信资源与商业能力保持技术同步;并提供了生存和抵抗伤害的能力。更具体地说,这意味着物理元素的模块化;硬件功能共享;开放系统信息体系结构;全船资源管理;指挥、控制、通信和计算机(C4I)、作战工程和导航功能的自动化; integrated ship wide data management; automation and minimization of maintenance and administrative functions; and embedded training. The approach should also promote commonality of design among ship classes. (2) Design - Consideration should be given to the maximum use of modular designs in the surface combatant's infrastructure. Emerging technologies must be accounted for during the developmental phase. Modern, flexible information processing must be built into any new weapon system. Since communication and data systems hold the greatest potential for growth, and therefore obsolescence, their installations must be modularized as much as possible to allow for future upgrades. Use standard man-to-machine interfaces among the systems onboard. The man-to-machine interfaces should be consistent with existing user friendly systems. (3) Personnel - The ship must be automated to a sufficient degree to realize significant manpower reductions in engineering, combat systems, ship support and Condition III watchstanding requirements. Reduced manning concepts used by NATO Navies should be reviewed to leverage advanced technologies and future advanced technology concepts in an effort to minimize shipboard manning requirements. Preventive maintenance manpower requirements must be reduced by incorporating self-analysis features in equipment designs, and by selecting materials and preservatives which minimize corrosion. A Manpower, Personnel and Training (MPT) analysis will be performed in accordance with OPNAVINST 5311.7 (HARDMAN). This analysis will recommend options to exploit the use of technology to reduce MPT requirements. Trade-offs which reduce MPT requirements will be favored during design and development. Final MPT determination will be documented and validated in a Navy Training Plan in accordance with OPNAVINST 1500.8 (4) Backfit - Major functional elements of a 21st Century surface combatant must be applicable to other forward fit ship construction programs. Consideration must also be given to the ability to retrofit into existing AEGIS cruisers and destroyers; however this must not be done at the expense of achieving performance in new construction. b. Operational Constraints. (1) The 21st Century surface combatant must remain fully functional and operational in all environments, whether conducting independent or force operations, in heavy weather or in the presence of electromagnetic, nuclear, biological and chemical contamination and/or shock effects from nuclear and conventional weapon attack. (2) Any 21st Century surface combatant must meet the survivability requirements of Level III as defined in OPNAVINST 9070.1. Topside system components shall be decontaminable through use of a countermeasure wash down system and portable Decontamination (DECON) methods. (3) The 21st Century surface combatant must provide helicopter and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) landing and hangaring facilities, and ammunition storage for operational support of multi-mission armed helicopters. (4) The ship must be able to operate in U.S., foreign, and international waters in full compliance with existing U.S. and international pollution control laws and regulations. (5) All ship and combat system elements must make use of standard subsystems and meet required development practices. The 21st Century surface combatant must be fully integrated with other U.S. Navy, Marine Corps, joint and allied forces, and other agencies (e.g., Theater Air Defense Architecture) in combined, coordinated operations. For example, linkage with standard data based from the Defense Mapping Agency (DMA) will minimize ancillary costs and promote maximum interoperability with the widest number of weapon and sensor systems. Joint goals for standardization and interoperability with the widest number of weapon and sensor systems. Joint goals for standardization and interoperability will be achieved to the maximum feasible extent. (6) The ship must be able to embark Special Operations Forces (SOF) when required for selected missions. (7) The ship must be able to transit through the Panama Canal (PANAMAX).